PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT Reviewer.docx.pdf

PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT (SS 001) REVIEWER Week 1 - Knowing and Understanding Oneself During Middle and Late Adolescence Self-Concept - A person's perception and understanding of oneself. It includes self-image,...

PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT (SS 001) REVIEWER Week 1 - Knowing and Understanding Oneself During Middle and Late Adolescence Self-Concept - A person's perception and understanding of oneself. It includes self-image, self-awareness and self-identity. (ang pag-unawa at pag-intindi ng insividual sa kanyang sarili) ⮚ Actual Self - one that you see, self that has characteristics that you were nurtured ⮚ Ideal Self - self that you aspire to be (Ito ay ang imahinasyon o pagtingin mo sa iyong sarili sa hinaharap kapag naabot mo ang iyong mga personal na layunin, halaga, at aspirasyon). Could include what our parents have taught us, what we admire in others, what our society promotes, and what we think is in our best interest. Personal Effectiveness- kakayahan ng isang indibidwal na makamit ang kanyang mga layunin. ⮚ Our effectiveness depends on our innate characteristics (Katangiang likas na mayroon na ang isang tao mula sa kapanganakan.). ⮚ Here are some skills that will greatly increase the efficiency of any person who owns them: 1. Determination - It allows you to focus only on achieving a specific goal without being distracted by less important things. Dapat may positive mindset, tyaga, diskarte at goal oriented. 2. Persistence -Makes you keep moving forward regardless of emerging obstacles – problems, laziness, bad emotional state, etc (nagpapatuloy kahit nahihirapan na) 3. Managing stress- It helps combat stress that arises in daily life from the environment and other people. Ways to manage stress; find the cause of stress, proper nutrition, regular exercise, time management, seek support 4. Problem Solving Skills- They help cope with the problems encountered with a lack of experience. 5. Generating Idea- It helps you achieve goals using new, original, unconventional ideas, you can use a method of mental maps which allows you to materialize, visualize and scrutinize all your ideas Week 2- Developing a Whole Person ⮚ Aspects of the self - conceived as a collection of multiple, context-dependent selves ⮚ Basic Aspects of Self ✔ They are the physical or tangible aspects as they relate to the body, (house of the spirit) ✔ the intellectual and conscious aspects as they relate to the mind, (often experience as thoughts ✔ and the emotional and intuitive aspects as they relate to the spirit (often experience as feelings) ⮚ 8 Aspects of Self 1. Physical Self- our physical body, our ability to survive and thrive in the material world 2. Intellectual Self- part of the mind that analyses ideas from several angles without bias to find as many good and bad points as possible (Tumutukoy sa kakayahan mag-isip, matuto, maganalysi at mag innovate) 3. Emotional Self- you “feel” inside your body, usually arise in reaction to your thoughts, interactions, experiences, and memories (macontrol, makilala at maipahayag ang sariling damdamin; Empathy-kakayahang makaramdam at makaunawa ng damdamin ng iba.) 4. Sensual Self - how you enjoy, celebrate, or love yourself through your different activities (Pagkilala, pagpapahalaga at pagtanggap sa mga karanasan at kasiyahan na nagmumulasa 5 senses; may mga maliliit na bagay na siyang nagbibigay saya sa atin na dulot ng 5 senses) 5. Interactional Self - portrayed personality among the society where the coping mechanisms happen to comply with the group’s standards regardless of your personal point of view and standard (Kakayahang makipag ugnayan sa iba kasanayan sa kounikasyon, pakikipagkapwa tao at bumuo at manatili ang mga relation) 6. Nutritional Self - capacity of individuals and communities to make their own good decisions relating to their nutrition (aspekto ng sarili na tumutukoy sa ating pagpapahalaga, pagunawa at pangangalaga sa ating nutrisyon, tama at pagkontrol sa pagkain, balance diet). 7. Contextual Self - concept is that we are not the content of our experience — we are not our thoughts, our feelings, our experienced sensations, the things we see, or the images that pass  through our heads (Pagunawa at pagkakakilanlan ng sarilibatay sa sitwasyon kung saan nakikisalamuha, nagbabago ito depende sa kapaligiran, relasyon at kultura) 8. Spiritual Self- ongoing, personal life journey contextualized by the belief in a higher being, culture, relationships, nature, and the discovery of meaning in one's life (di lamang tumutukoy sa relihiyon kundi sa ganundin sa paghahanap ng layunin, kahalagahan at connection sa mundo) Week 3- Human Development Havighurst’s Developmental Task During the Life Span ⮚ By Robert J. Havighurst ⮚ Infancy and Early Childhood (0-5) ✔ Learning to walk and talk ✔ Learning to take solid foods ✔ Learning to control the elimination of body wastes ✔ Learning sex differences and sexual modesty ✔ Acquiring concepts and language to describe social and physical reality ✔ Readiness for reading ✔ May alam na sa tama at mali ngunit kailangan ng buong gabay mula sa magulang ⮚ Middle Childhood (6-12) ✔ Learning physical skills necessary for ordinary games Building a wholesome attitude toward oneself ✔ Learning to get along with age mates ✔ Developing fundamental skills in reading, writing, and calculating ✔ Developing concepts necessary for everyday living ✔ Developing conscience, morality, and a scale of values ✔ Achieving personal independence ⮚ Adolescence (13-18) ✔ Achieving mature relations with both sexes ✔ Achieving a masculine or feminine social role ✔ Puberty (pagdadalaga at pagbibinata) ✔ Achieving emotional independence of adults ✔ nagkakaroon ng mas malalim na pag-unawa sa tama at mali, ✔ nagsisimulang magtanong tungkol sa kanilang layunin, halaga, at mga paniniwala. ⮚ Early Adulthood (19-30) ✔ Selecting a mate and learning to live with a partner ✔ Starting a family and rearing child ✔ Starting an occupation ✔ Assuming civic responsibility. ⮚ Middle Adulthood (30-60) ✔ Helping teenage children to become happy and responsible adults ✔ Achieving adult social and civic responsibility ✔ Satisfactory career achievement ✔ Gumagabay sa mga anak at paghahanda sa pagreretire ✔ Developing adult leisure time activities ✔ Accepting the physiological changes of middle age adjusting to aging parent ( pagputi ng hair) ⮚ Late Maturity (61 and up) ✔ Adjusting to decreasing strength and health adjusting to retirement and reduced income adjusting to death of spouse ✔ Retirement, Senior Citizen and Life review ( nagbabalik tanaw sa buhay) Living mindfully (pagpapahalaga sa ngayon kaysa sa mag-isip sa nakaraan o mag-alala sa hinaharap) 1. Breathe Mindfully. Use your breath as an anchor to still your mind and bring your focus back to the present moment 2. Listen Deeply. Listen with intention; let others fully express themselves and focus on understanding how they think and feel 3. Cultivate Insight. See life as it is, allowing each experience to be an opportunity for learning.  4. Practice Compassion. Consider the thoughts and feelings of others and let tenderness, kindness and empathy be your guides. 5. Limit Reactivity. Observe rather than be controlled by your emotions. Pause, breathe, and choose a skillful response based on thoughtful speech and nonviolence under every condition. 6. Express Gratitude. Practice gratitude daily and expand it outward, appreciating everyone and everything you encounter 7. Nurture Mutual Respect. Appreciate our common humanity and value different perspectives as well as your own 8. Build Integrity. Cultivate constructive values and consistently act from respect, honesty and kindness. Pagiging tapat at pagtupad sa mga pangako. 9. Foster Leadership. Engage fully in life and in community. Share your unique talents and generosity so that others can also be inspired. Set a positive example/role model, be adaptive, commit in a continuous personal and professional growth, be a inspiration and motivation not the cause of distraction. 10. Be Peace. Cultivate your own inner peace, becoming an agent for compassionate action and social good. Paunlarin ang inner peace sa pamamagitan ng pagmumuni-muni, malalim na paghinga, at mindfulness. Kilalanin at harapin ang iyong mga stressor at emosyon nang may kalmado. Matutong tumanggap ng mga bagay na hindi mo mababago at magpatawad sa mga nagkamali sa iyo. Matutong magtiis at maging matiyaga sa harap ng mga pagsubok at kahirapan. Pagpapanatili ng iyong kalusugan ( pagkain ng sapat, regular exercise) Week 4-Challenges in Middle and Late Adolescence Physical Development ✔ Most girls have completed the physical changes related to puberty by age 15. ✔ Boys are still maturing and gaining strength, muscle mass, and height and are completing the development of sexual traits Emotional Development ✔ learning what feelings and emotions are, understanding how and why they occur, recognizing your own feelings and those of others, and developing effective ways for managing those feelings. Social Development ✔ about improving the well-being of every individual in society so they can reach their full potential. ✔ involves the community engagement of a individual, from family, to schoolmates and colleagues Mental Development ✔ better able to set goals and think in terms of the future. ✔ Has a better understanding of complex problems and issues. ✔ Starts to develop moral ideals and to select role models. Affirmation ✔ Give yourself a compliment Being Happy ✔ Recognize that it is worthwhile to live, despite all the challenges, misunderstandings, and times of crises. Week 6- Coping with Stress of Middle and Late Adolescence Stress- emotional factor that causes bodily or mental tension. Stress can exist in great situations A series of stressful and frustrating experiences throughout the day can cause you to lie awake at night in an emotional turmoil – unable to get needed rest stressor ay anumang bagay, pangyayari, o sitwasyon na nagdudulot ng stress sa isang tao, Stress response - pisyolohikal na pagbabago na nagaganap kapag nakakaranas ka ng perceived threat (o inaakalang panganib). The collection of physiological changes that occur when you face a perceived threat Stress hormones (mga hormone ng stress) ay mga kemikal na inilalabas ng katawan bilang tugon sa stress. Halimbawa ay ung Adrenaline epekto nito ay pagpapabilis ng tibok ng puso, Pagpapataasng Alertness : Cortisol - Tumutulong sa pag-convert ng taba, protina, at carbohydrates sa enerhiya, Pag-aapekto sa Memorya at Mood, pinalalakas ang immune system Keep Stress Under Control 1. Understand the main cause 2. Analyze your Stress Factors and Write Them Down  3. Deal with the Stressors 4. Learn to Work under Pressure or Unusual Conditions To relax when under pressure: 1. Stop for a moment (especially when you feel your muscles tightening up) and take a few deep breaths. 2. Do a relaxing exercise. Swing your hands at your sides and stretch. 3. Take a “power nap.” Lie down and totally relax for a few minutes 4. Find time to do the things you enjoy 5. Leave your study area for a while to take a brisk walk. 6. Find a quiet place to read a magazine or novel during break or at lunch 7. If possible, look at some peaceful images such as forests, beaches, etc. 8. Look up. 9. Keep something humorous on hand, such as a book of joke Week 7- The Power of Mind brainpower: complex organ controls your every thought and move Three Major Parts of the Brain 1. Cerebellum controls voluntary movement. You form the thought and then an area in the cerebellum translates your will into action. ✔ Neurons- basic functional units of the nervous system, key to brain function, power the rapid-fire process that turns thought into movement 2. Brainstem connects the spinal cord and the brain. It controls functions that keep people alive such as breathing, heart rate, blood pressure and food digestion. 3. Cerebrum -Largest of the three brain sections because it performs higher functions like thought, memory, emotion. Accounts for about 85 percent of the brain's weight. Responsible for your decision making. ✔ Four Lobes 1. Frontal Lobe - Determines personality and emotions 2. Temporal Lobe- Hearing and word recognition abilities 3. Parietal Lobe- Helps people understand what they see and feel 4. Occipital Lobe- Vision Function Right Brain – creativity, art, imagination Left Brain- logical thinking, analytical thinking and problem solving Week 8- Mental Health and Well-Being in Middle and Late Adolescence Mental Health- It’s the way your thoughts, feelings, and behaviors affect your life. Good mental health leads to a positive self-image and in turn, satisfying relationships with friends and others. Having good mental health helps you make good decisions and deal with life’s challenges at home, work, or school. Self – esteem - how much you feel you are worth and how much you feel other people value you. People with high self-esteem know themselves well. Self-esteem is important because feeling good about yourself can affect your mental health and behavior. Body Imagine- how you view your physical self. How we think and feel about ourselves physically, and how we believe others see us. Self-esteem is important because feeling good about yourself can affect your mental health and how you behave. Body image is important to have a higher self-esteem in which you value yourself. And when you value yourself it can help you to have a good mental health Influences a Person’s Self-Esteem: 1. Puberty and Development- we under go with lot of changes and we compare ourselves to be accepted 2. Media Images and Other Outside Influences- Idolize 3. Families and School 4. Common Eating Disorders ✔ Anorexia- have real fear of weight gain and a distorted view of their body size and shape. they eat very little and can become dangerously underweight and they restrict their food intake by dieting, fasting, or excessive exercise.  ✔ Bulimia- people might binge eat (eat to excess) and then try to compensate in extreme ways, such as making themselves throw up or exercising all the time, to prevent weight gain. Support Strategies/Community Mental Health Resources: 1. Encourage to seek help and support from an adult 2. Spend time with the person listen to his/her concerns 3. Be hopeful, help them feel like their life will get better 4. Stand by them. Invite your friend to things that you are doing 5. Learn as much as you can about mental illness so you understand what is going on for them 6. Talk to someone about what is happening. This will help you be a better support person. 7. Put the person’s life before your friendship. If the person mentions thoughts of suicide, don’t keep it secret, even if the person has asked you to. Steps to help someone with mental health problems 1. Reach Out to People You Trust 2. Take Action Week 9- Emotional Intelligence Emotional Intelligence (EQ/EI) - the ability to understand, use, and manage our own emotions, helps us build strong relationships, make good decisions, and deal with difficult situations Improve Your Emotional Intelligence 1. Being Aware of Your Emotions Being able to notice and accurately label these everyday feelings, Practice recognizing emotions as you feel them. Label them in your mind (for example, by saying to yourself, "I feel grateful," "I feel frustrated," etc.). 2. Understanding How Others Feel and Why Being able to imagine how other people might feel in certain situations, putting yourself in someone else’s shoes and trying to imagine their emotional state. It guides us on what to say and how to behave around someone feeling strong emotions 3. Managing Emotional Reactions Managing your reactions means knowing when, where, and how to express yourself. Use self-control to hold a reaction if now is not the right time or place to express it 4. Choosing Your Mood We have the power to decide what mood is right for a situation, and then to get into that mood. Choosing the right mood can help someone get motivated, concentrate on a task, or try again instead of giving up. ✔ DEALING WITH DIFFICULT EMOTIONS 1. Passive Response- not expressing your own needs and feelings, or expressing them so weakly that they will not be ad dressed. it allows other people to violate your rights (hindi ka nagpapahayag or hindi mo sinasabi ang tunay mong nararamdaman or saloobin) 2. Aggressive Response- Behaving aggressively is asking for what you want or saying how you feel in a threatening, sarcastic, humiliating way that may offend the other person(s), leads to increased conflict ( nanakot ka at nananlalait ka ng iba para makuha mo ang gusto mo) 3. Assertive Response - asking for what you want or saying how you feel in an honest and respectful way that does not infringe on another person’s right or put the individual down.Getting what you want without offending other person(s). Expressing your point of view in a way that is clear and direct. “Believe you can, and you're halfway there.” – Theodore Roosevelt