Reservoir Rock Mechanics Reserve Estimation PDF

RESERVOIR ROCK MECHANICS RESERVE ESTIMATION 20TH July-3RD August 2019 l SCHOOL OF CHEMICAL & ENERGY ENGINEERING l FACULTY OF ENGINEERING SUMMER SCHOOL: OIL & GAS LEARNING EXPERIENCE 2019 www.utm.my Innovative · Entrepreneurial · Global SUMMER SCHOOL: OIL & GAS LEARNING EXPERIENCE 2019 INTRODUCT...

RESERVOIR ROCK MECHANICS RESERVE ESTIMATION 20TH July-3RD August 2019 l SCHOOL OF CHEMICAL & ENERGY ENGINEERING l FACULTY OF ENGINEERING SUMMER SCHOOL: OIL & GAS LEARNING EXPERIENCE 2019 www.utm.my Innovative · Entrepreneurial · Global SUMMER SCHOOL: OIL & GAS LEARNING EXPERIENCE 2019 INTRODUCTION www.utm.my Innovative · Entrepreneurial · Global • The reserves are the main assets of an oil company. Quantifying reserves and recovery factor is an ongoing role of the reservoir engineer. • Basic data is not always straightforward and reserves can be affected by the development process. • Original oil in place (OOIP) and original gas in place (OGIP) refer to the total volume of hydrocarbon stored in a reservoir prior to production. • Reserves or recoverable reserves are the volume of hydrocarbons that can be profitably extracted from a reservoir using existing technology. www.utm.my Innovative · Entrepreneurial · Global • Resources are reserves plus all other hydrocarbons that may eventually become producible; this includes known oil and gas deposits present that cannot be technologically or economically recovered (OOIP and OGIP) as well as other undiscovered potential reserves. • Methods for reserve estimation includes: • • • • Volumetric estimation Material balance equation (MBE) Production history Analogy All reserve estimation involves some degree of uncertainties. UNCERTAINTY www.utm.my Innovative · Entrepreneurial · Global VOLUMETRIC www.utm.my Innovative · Entrepreneurial · Global Estimates OOIP and OGIP based on a geological model that geometrically describes the volume of hydrocarbon in the reservoir. www.utm.my Innovative · Entrepreneurial · Global For Oil: For Gas: MATERIAL BALANCE www.utm.my Innovative · Entrepreneurial · Global • Mathematically models the reservoir as a tank. • This method determines original fluids in place based on production and static pressure data. • MBE relates the original oil, gas and water in the reservoir to production volumes and current pressure conditions / fluid properties. • MBE assumes tank type behavior at any given datum depth-the reservoir is considered to have the same pressure and fluid properties at any location in the reservoir. • Aquifer support and gas cap expansion can be accounted for by using this method. www.utm.my Innovative · Entrepreneurial · Global PRODUCTION HISTORY www.utm.my Innovative · Entrepreneurial · Global Used to estimate economic ultimate recovery and the expected economic life of a reservoir. This method relies on historical production data to extrapolate future production performance. ANALOGY www.utm.my Innovative · Entrepreneurial · Global • Compares a newly discovered or poorly defined reservoir to a known reservoir thought to have similar geological or petrophysical properties. • While analogy is the least accurate of the methods presented, it is often used early in the life of a reservoir to establish an order-of-magnitude recovery estimate.           Drive mechanism Permeability and porosity Well spacing and pattern Size Relative volumes of oil, gas and aquifer Degree of permeability and porosity heterogeneity Net-to-gross sand ratio Production practices Depositional environment and trapping mechanism PVT properties RESERVOIR SIMULATION www.utm.my Innovative · Entrepreneurial · Global A way to plan field development and production optimization WHY RESERVE ESTIMATE • Measure effectiveness of exploration and development. • Budgeting for drilling and facilities. • Purchase / sale of properties. • Bank loans. • Taxation. • Government policy and planning. www.utm.my Innovative · Entrepreneurial · Global OPTIMIZATION FACTOR www.utm.my Innovative · Entrepreneurial · Global Reservoir evaluation • • Using a model to forecast recovery efficiency by using the original reservoir conditions with flow paths of produced and injected fluids. Determine behavior of fluid flow of reservoir under different conditions. Technical optimization • Using data analysis, technology, optimization scenarios and evaluation of uncertainties. Economic optimization • Use data analysis, technology, optimization scenarios, and evaluation of uncertainties. Develop reservoir management strategy • Use oil forecasting, financial scenarios and evaluation of uncertainties. Reservoir technology • Economics evaluation and monitoring. http://engineering.utm.my/chemicalenergy/ schoolchemicalenergyutm utm_fcee skt_utm www.utm.my Innovative · Entrepreneurial · Global