Forearm and Hand Anatomy PDF

Pierre Lemelin, Ph.D. Forearm and Hand ANAT 403–The Human Body I. Skeleton a) Distal Humerus medial epicondyle lateral epicondyle...

Pierre Lemelin, Ph.D. Forearm and Hand ANAT 403–The Human Body I. Skeleton a) Distal Humerus medial epicondyle lateral epicondyle trochlea capitulum olecranon fosssa coronoid fossa *which epicondyle larger a why ? givesana to s , ertmmt posteri n) - /Credial provides attachment O for. m OBJ g - m. of anterior attachment compatient in dus e joint 3 hummer e b) Radius head neck superio - & D 7x - superior radialulier - turns around radial tuberosity the capitulum ( joint ↑ styloid process - & · inferior - interossevos - membrane & radilmar (fibrous joint) c) Ulna joint - - mm attachment deep aspect in of anterior & compartment b > F olecranon process postaxial - preaxial trochlear notch & coronoid process inferior I radial notch styloid process o - - * relisten to first 30 min 1 again  Fradis Z ulnar= d) Carpal bones scaphoid (3) bone that lands to fracture must often : lunate (4) triquetrum (5) pisiform (6) stac articler I trapezium (7) trapezoid (8) capitate (9) in line wh metres #3 6 BF? hamate (10) resuces has of mebecoupa E PP second bong ~ Gree · e) Metacarpals and Phalanges ↑ floating Op bac) DP pp up base bone starts to no shaft grow in Mm. mp up head Up bare b grow more tandem ↑ Levere of hone ether side of epicondyle II. Joints ligaments or a) Elbow joint humeroradial joint (capitulum of humerus and radial head): pronation/supination of forearm and hand humeroulnar joint (trochlea of humerus and trochlear notch of ulna): flexion/extension of the forearm of purpose forms a brac/ring keep aus around radiushed young children in : radial head still catilagamous : can listrate - nursed elbow 2 p  b) Radioulnar joints proximal radioulnar joint (anular ligament) distal radioulnar joint (triangular fibrocartilage or disc) * articulation of some carpal bones with the (keeps integrity triangular disk (not the ulna) fre informa raidal joint) thick band wrong -Do the is multiple c) Wrist joint - Ra U fur substrate radiocarpal joint & intercarpal to mon poid bones to & (midcarpal) joints: flexion/extension ① and abduction/adduction of the hand 1 d) Carpometacarpal (CM) joint 1 toptim & metacarpal CM joint of thumb (saddle- shaped): opposition of the thumb (compound movement involving abduction, flexion, and medial & rotation at the CM-I joint) Z need all 3 for opposition Tr e) Metacarpophalangeal (MP) joints designed for flexion/extension of the digits, abduction/adduction, and some rotation of the fingers (digits II – V) f) Interphalangeal (IP) joints proximal (PIP) and distal (DIP) interphalangeal joints: Cuff by flexion/extension of the mark base phalanges like stapel to develop trocklen--hinge 3 grip  III. Muscles and Innervation a) Anterior compartment of forearm (= depressor muscles) superficial, middle, and deep layers flexion of the wrist and digits; abduction/adduction of the wrist; pronation of forearm and hand All depressor muscles of forearm innervated by median nerve, EXCEPT flexor carpi ulnaris and medial half of flexor digitorum profundus mm. which are supplied by the ulnar nerve. * Brachioradialis m. acts as a depressor muscle (flexion), but is derived from the brachiorandalis posterior compartment (innervated by radial n.). sm flex frame n di i - pronator teres flexor carpi radialis palmaris longus ulmaris flexor carpi : flexor for thumb a Sila permanehis : Fleeam Superficial layer Middle layer Deep layer 1: Brachioradialis m.* 2: Pronator teres m. 3: Flexor carpi radialis m. 4: Palmaris longus m. 5: Flexor carpi ulnaris m. 4  extrinsic ma b) Posterior compartment of forearm (= elevator muscles) of the hand. superficial and deep groups extension of the wrist and digits; abduction/adduction of the wrist; supination of forearm and hand all elevator muscles of forearm innervated by radial nerve (deep branch of radial nerve). 1. Brachioradialis m. anterior 6. Supinator m. 2. Extensor carpi radialis longus 7. Abductor pollicis longus m. & brevis mm. 8. Extensor pollicis longus m. 3. Extensor carpi ulnaris m. 9. Extensor pollicis brevis m. 4. Extensor digitorum m 2 3 4 5 , , , 10. Extensor indicis m. 5. Extensor digiti minimi m. ↳ for index finger ↳ for little Finger 5  bands 2 lateral ↑ ↑ crosses all of them W except dist c) Intrinsic muscles of hand thumb side : thenar group (opposition of the thumb): innervated by a branch of median n. hypothenar group: innervated by ulnar n. lumbricals: innervated by median n. & ulnar n. adductor pollicis muscle: innervated by ulnar nerve interossei muscles (dorsal and palmar): innervated by ulnar nerve lumbricals (4) flexor policis. m brevis ↑ adductor a / hypothermem themar mm(3) / m abductorpolicas Superficial aspect Deep aspect 6  ED fendon "hood" - why claw shape? - stension in Hendon -3 -- -- FDP - lumbrials for mm contract finger extension pulls tendant finger tip lumbriasing to Hindon (FDP) - flexed & rest - more tendons (more elastic force) X a Central little finger not have does 7 IV. Arterial supply to forearm and hand radial artery ulnar artery interosseous arteries (deep layers of forearm) ! brachial - deep - a superficial palmar arch (primarily from ulnar artery) deep palmar arch (primarily from radial artery) digital branches T anatomical snuff 8