Nervous System Anatomy & Physiology (Lab) Test - May 2024 PDF

Bano, Charline Lucille A. ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY (LAB) May 20, 2024 TEST 1. Define the Word. 1. Neuron - It is a nerve cell that is responsible for receiving sensory input, interprets for action potential, and for relaying electrical impulses. A neuron is consist of three main parts the dendrites, axo...

Bano, Charline Lucille A. ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY (LAB) May 20, 2024 TEST 1. Define the Word. 1. Neuron - It is a nerve cell that is responsible for receiving sensory input, interprets for action potential, and for relaying electrical impulses. A neuron is consist of three main parts the dendrites, axon and cell body or soma. 2. Brain - It is a organ in the nervous system that controls body functions. It is enclosed within the skull and is on top of the spinal cord. 3. Ganglion - It is a clusters of nerve cells found throughout the body that control the body’s voluntary movements. It approve and/or reject signals that the brain sends. 4. Nerve - It carry electrical impulses between your brain and the rest of the body. 5. Cerebral - It is or relating to the brain or intellect. 6. Cerebrum - It is the largest part of the brain. It is divided into four lobes the Frontal Lobe, Temporal lobe, Occipital Lobe, and Parietal Lobe. 7. Cerebellum - The second largest part of the brain. It controls balance and complex motor function. 8. Stem - It connects the cerebrum of the brain to the spinal cord and cerebellum. It composes of Midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata. 9. Cornea - It is a nerve that is important for sensory and reflexes. It is the Transparent part of the eye that covers the iris. 10. Lens - It is a nerve in the eye that transmit light and critical part of one’s vision. It carries signals from the brain. 11. Retina - It is also known as neural portion of the eye. It is a layer of nervous tissue that covers the inside of the eyeballs, and initiate sensation of vision. 12. Sclera - It is a layer in the nervous tissue of the eye. It is a white outer coating of the eye. 13. Incus - It is also known as anvil. It transmit vibrations from malleus to stapes. 14. Cochlea - Found in the ear that is a spiral-shaped cavity. It contains fluids that moves in response to vibrations. 15. Tympanic - It a medical term for eardrum, a skin inside the eardrum responsible for hearing sounds. TEST 2. Signs and Symptoms of the Nervous System. 1. Aphasia - It is a brain disorder that affects someone’s speech and understanding other people’s words. It is due to the damage on a specific part of the brain that controls the ability to speak or understand; common in middle-aged and older adults. 2. Cephalgia - It is a type of pain affecting the head, face or neck caused by the dilation pf cerebral arteries or a reaction to drugs. Commonly known as headache. 3. Convulsion - It is describe as a violent and uncontrolled shaking due to head injuries, fever, and other medical complications. 4. Hyperalgia - It is a symptom with extreme pain manifestation, usually due to surgeries, inflammation, chemotherapy and other medical complications. 5. Hyperesthesia - It is a neurological disorder that causes extreme sensitivity to touch happens along neuropathic pain. Sensations that are light may feel intense with hyperesthesia. 6. Neuralgia - It is a manifestation of shocking, sharp, stabbing, burning and severe pain due to a nerve that is damaged. 7. Neurasthenia - It is characterized as physical and mental exhaustion with headaches, insomia, and irritability. 8. Parethesia - It is characterized as a sensation of tingling, skin-crawling and numbness. It is caused by strokes, ischemic attacks, sclerosis, myelitis and encephalitis. 9. Polyneuralgia - It is a age-related condition with a manifestation of numerous and continuous sensation of sharp and shocking pain in different part of the body. 10. Syncope - It is also known as fainting or passing out due to hypotension or hypoxemia TEST 3. Disorders and Diseases of the nervous system. 1. Agnosia - It is a rare disorder that recognizing and identifying objects, persons or sounds are difficult, due to the stroke, tumors, hypoxemia, trauma to the head. It is due to a part of the brain is damaged that is responsible for senses. 2. Alzheimer - It is a brain disorder that affects the memory and thinking skill usually happens to elderly. It is caused by low acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter. 3. Autism - It is a neurological disorder that manifest a delayed of absent language development, have trouble using and understanding nonverbal cues or communication. Usually caused by rubella, cytomegalovirus that affects the development of the fetus. 4. Bell palsy - It is a condition caused by a viral infection that can affect the muscles that can lead to shortterm weakness in the muscles. It characterized as a drooping parts of the facial muscles. 5. Cerebral Aneurysm - A brain aneurysm or intracranial aneurysm, it is the bulging of blood vessels in the brain due to blood pressure are high on weak areas of the vessel wall that causes it to rupture, known as hemorrhagic stroke. 6. Cerebral Hemorrhage - It is a condition of accumulation of blood in the brain tissue caused by trauma or injury. It is caused by a bursting of artery in the brain that causes the brain cells or nerve cells to undergo necrosis. 7. Cerebral Palsy - It is a group of condition that affects movement and posture due to the damage that occurs to the brain before birth. It is the disrupted control of muscle movement. 8. Cerebrovascular Accident - It is a medical term for stroke: two types which are ischemic, which happens when blood clot blocks blood vessels preventing blood and oxygen to pass through and hemorrhagic, which happens when blood vessels ruptures preventing blood from getting to the brain. 9. Coma - It is a state of condition which patient is in deep unconsciousness and lack of responsiveness. It is due to trauma or injury in the brain. 10. Concussion - It is a condition of mild traumatic brain injury that affects brain function and includes disrupted memory, reflexes, speech and balance, it is usually result form a mechanical force or trauma includes being in an accident.