NCM104A The Family Module PDF

St. Paul University Iloilo St. Paul University System MODULE in COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING I First Semester AY 2024-2025 Subject/Cour...

St. Paul University Iloilo St. Paul University System MODULE in COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING I First Semester AY 2024-2025 Subject/Course Code: NCM 104A Class Schedule: Monday NCM 104 A Lecture A/B - 10 am - 12 nn C/D - 8 am - 10:00 am E - 1:30 pm - 3:30 pm Instructor/Professor: Dulce Ma. S. Tilos, MSN, RN Email/Contact Number: dtilos@spuiloilo,edu.ph Course Description: This course deals with the concepts, principles, and theories, techniques in theprovision of basic care on terms of health promotion, disease prevention, restoration, maintenance and rehabilitation at the individual and family level. It include the study of the Philippine Health Care Delivery System, national health situation and the global context pf public health. The learners are expected to provide safe appropriate and holistic nursing to individual and family as clients in the community setting utilizing the nursing process Learner, please be mindful of the Paulinian Essential Elements that you are supposed to develop: LIFE PERFORMANCE OUTCOMES (LPOs) ESSENTIAL PERFORMANCE ELEMENTS (EPEs) LPO1. ETHICAL, PAULINIAN LEADERS & EPE1.1 Consistently adhere to acknowledged moral standards of decision making PROFESSIONALS and behavior in their personal, professional and organizational affairs; EPE1.2. Declare and affirm the values and principles of honesty, transparency and AFFIRMATION fairness in their professional lives and endeavors; EPE1.3 Launch and sustain initiatives that openly advocate and tangibly uphold “As a Christ-centered Paulinian, I am a mindful, self- the rights and dignity of those seeking redress for injustices committed against directed learner and role model, consciously them; expressingmy Faith”. EPE1.4 Articulate, advocate and exemplify Paulinian ideals and values in their private and professional lives nurtured by prayer and a deep relationship with God; EPE1.5 Speak out to expose and redress violations of social and professional norms and principles whatever the consequences may be. LPO2. CUTTING-EDGE, RESILIENT VISIONARIES EPE2.1 Anticipate potential social and technological changes and proactively pursue AND INNOVATORS fruitful ways of responding to them; who EPE2.2 Gather information on emerging trends in their field and propose novel ways they could incorporate them into their work; AFFIRMATION: EPE2.3 Develop ideas for innovations in their field, testing meticulously their “As a Christ- centered Paulinian, I am a feasibility and utility courageous, resourceful explorer and problem EPE2.4 Look beyond conventional approaches to challenges in their field and solver, demonstrating my creativity and charism”. identify creative ways these could be addressed; EPE2.5 Explain significant setbacks they have experienced in life and the inner resources and ‘out of the box’ actions taken to address and overcome them. LPO3. ENGAGING, TRUSTWORTHY TEAM EPE3.1 Invite open, non-judgmental communication BUILDERS AND MENTORS EPE3.2 Clarify at the outset the substance and intent of all agreements and who commitments made, making every effort to fulfil them and supporting others to AFFIRMATION: do the same; EPE3.3 Publicly explain the purpose and potential benefits of all group endeavors,  St. Paul University Iloilo St. Paul University System “As a Christ-centered Paulinian, I am credible, enlisting explicit agreement and support for them from participants before responsive and communicator and team player, proceedings building community through active collaboration”. EPE3.4 Initiate and develop jointly beneficial projects with colleagues in which plans and responsibilities are equitably shared, reliably carried out and honestly evaluated by all; EPE3.5. Openly share relevant insights, observations and expertise with less experienced colleagues, offering guidance and support when requested. EPE4.1 Continuously set and diligently pursue high performance standards and LPO4 RELIABLE, PRODUCTIVE EXPERTS & improvement goals for themselves and for their organization; IMPLEMENTERS EPE4.2 Accurately describe the knowledge and skills that adept career professionals in their field consistently demonstrate, and evaluate whether theirs compare Who favourably; EPE4.3 Devote significant time and effort to upgrading their competencies, the AFFIRMATION: quality of their work, and its tangible benefits to their colleagues and clients; EPE4.4 Accomplish projects and related work that meet or exceed quality “As a Christ-centered Paulinian, I am standards within agreed-upon timelines and resource limits conscientious,adept performer and achiever, EPE5.5 Develop and regularly update a performance portfolio of their advancements competently implementing my mission in life”. in knowledge, techniques, and tangible accomplishments. EPE 5.1 Promote and actively participate in initiatives that benefit and directly LPO.5 DEDICATED, TRANSFORMATIVE support the right of all creatures to exist and flourish; SUPPORTERS & STEWARDS OF ALL CREATION EPE5.2 Devise programs and strategies that shift the momentum of society toward consciously preserving and improving the viability of our planet’s eco-and social Who support systems; AFFIRMATION: EPE5.3 Devote their time, talents and resources to improving and maintaining the well-being and health of peoples, especially the less privileged and underserved; “As a Christ-centered Paulinian, I am a caring, EPE5.4 Mobilize others in advocating and implementing public policies and committed advocate for peace and universal programs that foster peace, justice, solidarity and respect for life and cultures; well-being, impelled by compassion and charity EPE5.5 Act decisively to inform others of ways they can tangibly reduce for all”. environmental pollution and improve the quality of life in their local and larger communities.  St. Paul University Iloilo St. Paul University System As a Paulinian nursing student, you are also expected to exhibit the BSN Program Outcomes: Particularly to provide safe, evidence based appropriate and holistic care to individuals, families, population groups and community utilizing nursing process in the delivery of care to clients and in accordance with existing laws, legal, ethical and moral principles for safe nursing practice (Please find the 14 Nursing Program Outcomes (PO) in the course outline/syllabus): Module 1 (Finals), Week 1 Topic: The Family Hours: 4 hours Introduction: Welcome to the topic and presentation on the family as a basic unit of society. This course also focuses on the concept, definition and functions of family and how family is considered as a unit of community health service. This further discusses the developmental stages of family life cycle and health tasks family members perform, and plan family nursing care while working with the family in community health nursing field. Learning After studying this module, the nursing student should be able to: Outcomes: 1. Define family as a unit of health service in community health 2. Discuss how family is alike and different in terms of structure, functions and process. 3. Describe the different types of family in terms of structure and decision making 4. List and describe the functions of the family 5. Name the roles that each member in the family assumes 6. Explain the developmental stages of family life cycle 7. Discuss the characteristics of a healthy family 8. Describe the health tasks each member is performing Content: This topic focuses on the family as a basic unit of society. The family is a social unit. In this social unit, there exists an innate relationship between and among the individual members of the family  St. Paul University Iloilo St. Paul University System Content: Family- those members of a household who are related to a specific degree through blood, adoption and marriage-whether dwelling together or not Family structure - refers to the characteristics and demographics of individual members who make up family units. Types of family:  Nuclear- compose of a father, mother, children  Extended- Composed of father, mother and child or children and other relatives  Dual-Career- Both parents are working to support the family  Commuter- Both partners work but their jobs are in different places  Adolescent -A partner or both partners are under 18 years of age  Single parent- A parent is left to take care of the children maybe by separation or migration  Foster family- are people — other than a kid's parents — who provide a safe place for kids to be cared for.  Blended - both members of the couple may have had pre- existing children, or the couple may have additional children together.  Cohabiting- Persons or group of persons living in the same roof outside the context of marriage  Gay-Lesbian -Persons of the same sex live together  Single adult living alone- Person lives alone  Compound - One man or woman with several spouses  St. Paul University Iloilo St. Paul University System  Nuclear- dyad- Husband and wife living together without children or who have grown children living outside the home  Kin-network- Several nuclear families live in the same household and share goods and services According to decision making:  Patriarchal  Matriarchal  Egalitarian or Equalitarian  Democratic Functions of Family 1. Biological - has something to do with reproduction and child-bearing 2. Psychological - emotional security of its members 3. Economic- meeting the basic needs of the family 4. Socio-cultural- transfer of values relating to behavior, traditions, language and mores 5. Educational- inculcation of skills, knowledge and attitudes relating to other functions Family Process - the ongoing interaction between family members through which they accomplish their instrumental and expressive tasks Family roles - repetitive patterns of behavior by which family members fulfill family functions  Role allocation- concerned with family’s pattern in assigning roles  Role accountability- making sure that functions are fulfilled  Role enactment- concerns that which a person actually does in a particular role position - Formal role - Achieved role - Informal role Family Developmental Theory An approach to studying families, which is useful in explaining patterned change, the dynamic nature of the family, and how change occurs in thefamily life cycle. 2 Basic concepts  Life cycle- Divides the family experiences into stages over the life span and describes changes in family structure and roles during each stage  Developmental tasks- They are the growth responsibilities that arise at certain stages in the life of the family Developmental Stages of Family Life Cycle Stage 1: Married couples (without children)  Establishing a mutually satisfying marriage  Adjusting to pregnancy Stage 2: Childbearing families (oldest child between birth-30 months)  St. Paul University Iloilo St. Paul University System  Having and adjusting to an infant  Maintain marital bond Stage 3: Families with pre-school children (oldest child (2 1/2-6years)  Adapting to the needs of the pre-school children  Coping with energy depletion and lack of privacy as parents Stage 4: Families with school-age children oldest child, (6-13 years)  Parents adjust to their children's peer and school influence Stage 5: Families with teenagers oldest child (13-20 years)  Adolescents develop increasing autonomy  Balancing freedom with responsibility Stage 6: Families launching young adults (first child gone to last child leaving home)  Launching youth into adulthood  Maintaining a supportive home base Stage 7: Middle-age parents (“empty nest” to retirement)  Refocusing/Solidifying marital relationship  Preparing for retirement years Stage 8: Aging family members (retirement to death of both spouses)  Shift from work role to leisure and semi-retirement or full retirement  Prepare for own death and dealing with the loss of spouse and/ or siblings and other peers Parenting Styles  Authoritarian  Controlling, rigid, do not tolerate expressions of disagreement  Permissive  Uninvolved in their child’s life  Authoritative  Affirms the child’s present qualities Characteristics of a healthy family  Shared fun  Commitment  Acceptance  Boundaries  Communication  Enjoys freedom and grace  Spiritual commitment  Express affirmation and encouragement  Ability to deal with stress and crises in a positive manner Health Tasks of the Family  Recognizing interruptions of health development  Making decisions for seeking health care  St. Paul University Iloilo St. Paul University System  Dealing with health crisis  Providing nursing care to sick/dependent member  Maintaining healthy home environment 8 Family Health Tasks by Duvall & Niller: 1. Physical maintenance - provides food shelter, clothing, and health care to its members being certain that a family has ample resources to provide 2. Socialization of Family -involves preparation of children to live in the community and interact with people outside the family. 3. Allocation of Resources - determines which family needs will be met and their order of priority. 4. Maintenance of Order - task includes opening an effective means of communication between family members, integrating family values and enforcing common regulations for all family members. 5. Division of Labor - who will fulfill certain roles e.g., family provider,home manager, children’s caregiver 6. Reproduction, Recruitment, and Release of family member 7. Placement of members into larger society - consists of selecting community activities such as church, school, politics that correlate with the family beliefs and values 8. Maintenance of motivation and morale - created when members serve as support people to each other Theoretical Approaches to Family Health Care: Family Models - the use of family model provides a perspective of focus for understanding the family have categorized according to their basic focus as developmental, interaction structural- functional, and systems model A. Family Developmental Models by Evelyn Duvall, 1977 (An approach to studying families, which is useful in explaining patterned change, the dynamic nature of the family, and how change occursin the family life cycle): Stages of Development Basic Family Task Beginning families, early Physical Maintenance childbearing Families with pre-schoolers Allocation of resources Families with school children Division of labor Families with teenagers Socialization of members Launching center families Reproduction, recruitment, and release of members Middle-aged families Maintenance of order Aging families Placement of members in larger community and maintenance of motivation and morale Duvall’s developmental model is an excellent guide for assessing, analyzing and planning around basic family tasks developmental stage, however, this model does not include the family structure or physiological aspects, which should be considered for a comprehensive view of the family. This model is applicable for  nuclear families with growing children and families who are experiencing health- related problems. B. Stevenson’s Family Developmental Model - Joanne Stevenson (1977) describes the basic tasks and responsibilities of families in four stages. She views family tasks as maintaining a common household rearing children and finding satisfying work and leisure. It also includes sustaining appropriate health patterns and providing mutual support and acculturation of family members. Stages Health Tasks Emerging family (from Couple strives for independence marriage for 7-10 years) from their parents and to develop a sense of responsibility for family life. Crystallizing family (with To assume responsibility for teenage growth and development of children) individual members and outside organizations Interacting family(children Assumption of responsibility for grown “continued survival and and small grandchildren) enhancement of the nation. Actualizing family (aging Assume the responsibility for couple sharing the wisdom of age, alone again) reviewing life and putting affairs in order Key points:  Family is a basic unit of society.  Family is a unit whose members of a household are related to a specific degree through blood, adoption and marriage-whether dwelling together or not  Family differs in structure, function and process  Family developmental theory has 2 basic concepts- the life cycle and developmental task  There are eight developmental stages in family life cycle  The family performs different health tasks namely:  Recognizing interruptions of health development  Making decisions for seeking health care  Dealing with health crisis  Providing nursing care to sick/dependent member  Maintaining healthy home environment  Resources/ References: Nies, M. ; McEwen, M. ; Sumile, E. (2020). Community and Public Health Nursing, 2nd Philippine Edition. Maglaya , A. ; Earnshaw R.; Lao-Nario M.B. ; Maglaya, C. ; Dones, L. , Rabuco, L. et. Al (2009 ) Nursing in the Community. Argonauta Corp. Phil. 5th ed Berman, Snyder, Frandsen(2016). Kozier & Erb’s Fundamental of Nursing, Concepts, Process and Practice. Pearson Educational Limited, Tenth Edition National Open University of Nigeria (n.d.) Primary Health Care Nursing 2 Lang (n.d.). Family Development Theory. Retrieved on October 1, 2021 from: https://iastate.pressbooks.pub/parentingfamilydiversity/chapter/the-family-life- cycle-theory/ Levitas(2021). The Family Life Cycle: Definition, Stages & Theory. Retrieved on October 2, 2021 from: https://study.com/academy/lesson/the-family-life-cycle- definition-stages- theory.html#:~:text=The%20developmental%20phases%20of%20a,aged%20adults% 2C%20and%20retired%20adults. Learning Activities After reading and understanding this material, quiz will be given on September 26, 2024. Evaluation  Objectives presented clearly?  Content accurate and relevant; presented simply and easilyunderstood?  Instructions clear to the learner?  Learning activities are consistent with learning outcomes andappropriately challenging?  Valuing and appreciation of material?  Overall, learning outcomes are achieved for this session? Prepared by: DULCE MA. S. TILOS, MSN, RN Instructor