Mycobacterium Sample Questions PDF

Summary

This document contains sample questions related to Mycobacterium, a genus of bacteria that can cause diseases like tuberculosis. It covers morphology, growth requirements, and diagnostic methods for identification.

Full Transcript

Mycobacterium 1. What is the morphology of Mycobacterium in the light microscope? Answer: Slender/Slightly curved/ Straight rod shaped 2. What is the oxygen requirement for Mycobacterium to grow? Answer: Obligate aerobe 3. How long does Mycobacterium usually grow on a complex...

Mycobacterium 1. What is the morphology of Mycobacterium in the light microscope? Answer: Slender/Slightly curved/ Straight rod shaped 2. What is the oxygen requirement for Mycobacterium to grow? Answer: Obligate aerobe 3. How long does Mycobacterium usually grow on a complex media? Answer: 2-6 weeks 4. What type of Mycobacterium doesn't grow in vitro? Answer: M. Leprae 5. How long does rapid Mycobacterium grow on simple media? What temperature? Answer: 2-3 days @ 20-40C 6. What is the Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Complex consists of? Answer: M. tuberculosis, M. bovis, M. microti, M. africanum, M. canettii, M. pinnipedii, M. mungi, and M. orygis TB (MACPaMO) 7. What organism is associated with TB in tropical Africa? Answer: M. africanum 8. What organism is linked with TB among immunocompetent and immunocompromised? Answer: M. microti 9. What organism is found primarily in cattle but can infect other animals and humans? Answer: M. bovis 10. What organism causes infections in children and px with HIV in Africa? Answer: M. canettii 11. Who discovered M. tuberculosis? Answer: Robert Koch 12. T/F Is TB one of the oldest communicable diseases? Answer: True 13. Where does TB usually infect? Answer: Respiratory Tract 14. How does TB infect or mode of transmission? Answer: By inhaling tubercle bacilli droplets 15. How does M. Tuberculosis evades phagocytosis? Answer: Its thick lipid cell wall helps resist acidic environment and enzymatic conditions that kills most bacteria 16. In a person with adequate cellular immunity, what does macrophages secrete to enhance the inflammatory response? Answer: IL-12 and TNF 17. What secretes macrophages in the infection site to destroy the intracellular bacteria? Answer: IFN- gamma 18. What type of hypersensitivity does Mycobacterium activate? Answer: Type IV hypersensitivity 19. T/F Does PPD Skin Test imply recent infection of M. tuberculosis? Answer: False, It implies past infection 20. T/F Can Tuberculosis be reactivated to an active TB? Answer: True 21. In a chronic disease of TB, what diagnostic tests confirm tuberculosis? Answer: Stained smear and culture of sputum 22. What do you call tuberculosis that seeds to other organs? Answer: Miliary TB 23. What is the order of occurrence when TB infects/invades other organs? Answer: Spleen to Liver to Bone Marrow to Kidney to Adrenal Gland 24. How does AFB/Mycobacteria spread to these organs? Answer: Hematogenously 25. Who is mostly infected with Miliary TB? Answer: Children and px with HIV 26. What type of Miliary TB infects kidney and genital organs? Answer: Genitourinary TB 27. What type of Miliary TB manifest as typical UTI and sterile pyuria? Answer: Renal TB 28. What is the other term for Skeletal TB? Answer: Pott's Disease 29. How does tuberculosis infect the meninges? Answer: through the rupture of tubercle into the subarachnoid space 30. What are the primary drugs for Pulmonary Tuberculosis Answer: Rifampin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol 31. Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is what type of vaccine? Answer: Live attenuated vaccine from 32. What other specimens can Mycobacteria be detected? Answer: Urine, feces, blood, CSF, tissue biopsy material and aspirates of any tissue 33. T/F: Delay in processing specimens for Mycobacteria advisable? Answer: False, since it can lead to false-negative results and increased bacterial contamination 34. What is the recommended specimen for sputum and other respiratory secretions? Answer: Early-morning specimen 35. What interval should be used in detecting Mycobacteria? Answer: 3 days consecutively 36. T/F: 2 of 3 positive sputum smears sufficient in confirmation of diagnosis Answer: True, however if only one of the smear comes positive,additional specimen is needed 37. What specimen is recommended for children and px who cannot form sputum? Answer: Gastric Aspirates and Washings 38. T/F Processing of 12-24 hours of pooled specimen is recommended for testing Mycobacteria? Answer: False, 12-24 is not recommended since it is contaminated and may contain few viable tubercle bacilli 39. T/F Stool specimen should be frozen if not process within few hours of collection Answer: True (MAHON) 40. What is the amount of specimens recommended for culture in CSF? Answer: 2 mL 41. What medium is used for heavily contaminated specimens for Mycobacterium tuberculosis testing? Answer: Petragani Medium 42. The solid medium most widely employed for routine culture Answer: Lowenstein–Jensen (L–J) medium 43. What type of medium does Mycobacteria spp. grow rapidly? Answer: Liquid Media 44. What dyes are used for fluorescence microscopy of smears? Answer: Auramine phenol or auramine rhodamine fluorescent dyes 45. In LJ medium, what common characteristic is used to describe Mycobacterium tuberculosis colonies? Answer: Cauliflower colonies

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