Module-2D.pdf

STATES OF MATTER 2D: THE GASEOUS PHASE BY: CYRUSCHAD TUTOR, RPH, MBA  REVIEW ON THE STATES OF MATTER CTUTORPHYSPHAR2024 REVIEW ON THE STATES OF MATTER CTUTORPHYSPHAR2024  GASEOUS STATE Gases are described as molecules that have a higher kinetic energy...

STATES OF MATTER 2D: THE GASEOUS PHASE BY: CYRUSCHAD TUTOR, RPH, MBA  REVIEW ON THE STATES OF MATTER CTUTORPHYSPHAR2024 REVIEW ON THE STATES OF MATTER CTUTORPHYSPHAR2024  GASEOUS STATE Gases are described as molecules that have a higher kinetic energy that produces rapid motion, are held together by weak intermolecular forces, have no regular shape, are capable of filling all available space, are compressible, and, for many gases invincible CTUTORPHYSPHAR2024  GASEOUS STATE Due to their high kinetic energy, gas molecules travel in random paths and collide with one another and with the walls of the container they occupy. The collision of gas molecules with the container walls exert a pressure or force per unit area. CTUTORPHYSPHAR2024  WHAT IS AN IDEAL GAS? a gas that conforms, in physical behaviour, to a particular idealized relation between pressure, volume, and temperature WHAT ARE THE IDEAL CONDITIONS FOR AN IDEAL GAS? Pressure: 1 atm; Temperature: 273.15K; Volume: 22.414L CTUTORPHYSPHAR2024  LAWS GOVERNING IDEAL GASES CTUTORPHYSPHAR2024 CTUTORPHYSPHAR2024 CTUTORPHYSPHAR2024 WHAT THEORY EXPLAINS THE BEHAVIOR OF IDEAL GAS? KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY 1. The total volume of gas is so small as to be negligible in relation to the volume of the space in which they are confined. 2. The particles of the gas do not attract one another and move in complete independence from one another. CTUTORPHYSPHAR2024 WHAT THEORY EXPLAINS THE BEHAVIOR OF IDEAL GAS? KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY 3. The particles exhibit continuous random motion owing to their high kinetic energy. 4. Gas molecules exhibit perfect elasticity; there is no net loss of speed or transfer of energy after they collide with one another and with the walls of container. CTUTORPHYSPHAR2024  WHAT DO YOU CALL GASES THAT DO NOT FOLLOW THE IDEAL GAS LAW? +123-456-7890 CTUTORPHYSPHAR2024  THE REAL GAS LAW Real gases are composed of finite volume that tend to attract one another. Attraction of gas molecules with one another, which results to internal pressure, and the finite volume were not included in the ideal gas law. Therefore, another gas law was formulated to accommodate the excluded volume and the internal pressure of real gases. CTUTORPHYSPHAR2024  THE REAL GAS LAW where: a/V2 accounts for the internal pressure, and b accounts for the excluded volume of real gases. CTUTORPHYSPHAR2023  OTHER LAWS GOVERNING GASES CTUTORPHYSPHAR2024  PRACTICE EXERCISES: The initial temperature of a 1.00-liter sample of argon is 20° C. The pressure is decreased from 720 mm Hg to 360 mm Hg and the volume increases to 2.14 liters. What was the change in temperature of the argon? CTUTORPHYSPHAR2024  PRACTICE EXERCISES: 300 mL of a gas is held in a fixed container at 900 torr at 25°C. What will be the pressure of the gas if the temperature is changed to 23°F? CTUTORPHYSPHAR2024  PRACTICE EXERCISES: What volume of O2 measured at 1.86 × 106Pa and 375K, is required to react entirely with 1.78L of H2, measured at the same temperature and pressure, to give H2O? How many molecules of O2 and H2 have reacted? CTUTORPHYSPHAR2024  PRACTICE EXERCISES: Two moles of NH3 are enclosed in a 5-liter flask at 27oC. Calculate the pressure of NH3 using van der Waals equation calculator. (For ammonia a= 4.17 liter2 atm/mole2, b=0.0371liter/ mole) CTUTORPHYSPHAR2024  PRACTICE EXERCISES: Solve for the total pressure of a container containing 760mmHg of carbon dioxide, 250 torr of oxygen, and 0.5 atm of nitrogen. CTUTORPHYSPHAR2024  PRACTICE EXERCISES: A 780-mL container was filled with 36.6g of helium gas at a temperature of 28 degC. What was the pressure exerted by the gas to the container? CTUTORPHYSPHAR2024  THANK YOU! READY FOR MODULAR QUIZ CTUTORPHYSPHAR2024