Modeling and Simulation Module 2 PDF

School of Applied Arts Module 2 Course: Computer Graphics 3 Modeling and Course Code: COM003 Simulation What is Modeling? Modeling definition Modeling is making anything that repr...

School of Applied Arts Module 2 Course: Computer Graphics 3 Modeling and Course Code: COM003 Simulation What is Modeling? Modeling definition Modeling is making anything that represents something else (object or system), may be it is scaled bigger or smaller depended on purpose of model. Modeling is helpful because it allows you to take a good look at something that is too big or small to see otherwise. Model definition There are many definitions of the word model. The following definitions refer to a model as (a representation of selected aspects of a domain of interest to the modeler: a physical, mathematical, or otherwise logical representation of a system, entity, phenomenon, or process.) Types of Models: 1- Physical Model: A physical model is a tangible representation of an object or system. It can be a smaller or larger copy of the actual object, designed to help understand, visualize, or simulate the real thing. Some common examples of physical models include:  Bridges: Scale models used in engineering to test structural integrity.  Cell models: Used in biology to study the structure and function of cells.  Human organs: Models used in medical education to teach anatomy. 2- Virtual Model: A virtual model is a digital representation of an object, system, or even a person. These models are created using computer software and can be used for various purposes, such as simulations, visualizations, and prototyping. Here are some common applications of virtual models:  Engineering and Design: Used to simulate the structural behavior of parts and systems before physical prototypes are made.  Fashion: Virtual models, like digital avatars, are used in marketing campaigns, virtual fashion shows, and as influencers.  Gaming and Animation: Characters and environments in video games and animated films are created as virtual models.  Medical Training: Virtual models of human anatomy are used for educational purposes and surgical simulations. What is Simulation? Simulation definition A simulation is a process that imitates the operation of real world processes or systems with the use of models. The model represents the key behaviors and characteristics of the selected process or system while the simulation represents how the model progress under different conditions over time. Types of Simulation: 1- Live Simulation: Live simulations involve real people operating real systems. These simulations are conducted in real-time and often in real-world settings. Examples include military training exercises using actual equipment, fire drills, or medical emergency response drills. The key aspect is that both the participants and the equipment are real, providing a highly realistic training environment. 2- Virtual Simulation Virtual simulations involve real people operating simulated systems. These are often computer-based and can include activities like flight simulators, virtual reality training for medical procedures, or role-playing scenarios in a virtual environment. Virtual simulations allow users to practice and hone their skills in a controlled, risk- free environment. 3- Constructive Simulation Constructive simulations involve simulated people operating simulated systems. In these simulations, real people provide inputs, but the outcomes are determined by the simulation itself. An example would be a computer program used for crash simulations, where the movements and engagements of units are simulated based on input data. These simulations are useful for strategic planning and analysis without the need for physical resources.  Modeling & Simulation Categories 2D Modeling & Simulation: 2D modeling and simulation involve creating and manipulating two-dimensional representations of objects or systems to study their behavior and characteristics. These models are flat, lacking depth, and are often used in various fields for visualization, analysis, and design. Examples:  Animation Definition: 2D animation is the process of creating movement in a two-dimensional space. This involves drawing sequences of images that, when played in rapid succession, create the illusion of motion1. Examples: Traditional Hand-Drawn Animation: Classic Disney movies like mickey mouse cartoon.  Advertising Definition: 2D models and animations are widely used in advertising to create engaging and visually appealing content. This can include animated commercials, banner ads, and promotional videos. Examples: Banner Ads: Interactive and animated banners on websites to attract user attention.  CAD Drawings Definition: Computer-Aided Design (CAD) involves creating precise drawings and technical illustrations of objects in two dimensions. These drawings are used in engineering, architecture, and manufacturing to plan and visualize designs. Examples: Architectural Plans: Floor plans and building layouts. Engineering Drawings: Detailed schematics of mechanical parts and assemblies. 3D Modeling & Simulation: 3D modeling is the process of creating a three-dimensional representation of an object or surface using specialized software. This involves manipulating edges, vertices, and polygons in a simulated 3D space to create a digital model that can be viewed and manipulated from different angles. 3D simulation involves using these models to replicate real-world processes or systems in a virtual environment. This allows for testing, analysis, and visualization without the need for physical prototypes3. Examples:  Video Games Definition: In video games, 3D modeling is used to create characters, environments, and objects that players interact with. These models are animated and rendered to create immersive gaming experiences. Examples: Character Models: Detailed 3D characters in games like The Call of Duty.  Claytronics Definition: Claytronics, also known as programmable matter, involves creating 3D models that can physically change shape and form. This technology aims to create objects that can morph into different shapes based on user input. Examples: Programmable Robots: Small robots that can assemble into various shapes and structures.  Fluid Simulation Definition: Fluid simulation uses 3D models to replicate the behavior of liquids and gases. This is crucial in fields like engineering, meteorology, and visual effects. Examples: Visual Effects: Creating realistic water, smoke, and fire effects in movies and animations, such as the water simulations in Finding Nemo.