Art Appreciation Midterms PDF

ART APPRECIATION: MIDTERMS 3. Film Professor/Instructor: Dr. Maria Cristina Ferrer 4. Theater 5. Literary TABLE OF CONTENTS 6...

ART APPRECIATION: MIDTERMS 3. Film Professor/Instructor: Dr. Maria Cristina Ferrer 4. Theater 5. Literary TABLE OF CONTENTS 6. Performance poetry C. Digital Art Unit 1: The Importance, Meaning, and D. Applied Arts Assumptions of Art 1. Fashion design I. The importance of art 2. Furniture design II. The meaning of art 3. Interior design III. Art in three different ways 4. Graphic design A. As an ability CHAPTER II: Subject and Content of Art B. As a product I. The Subject of Art C. As a process A. Two Kinds of Art as to Subject IV. Definition of art by popular thinkers 1. Representational / A. Plato objective art B. John Dewey a) Still life C. Oscar Wilde b) Portrait D. Elbert Hubbard c) Scapes E. Nietzsche d) Mythology and V. Four common essentials of art religion VI. Art history e) Dreams and VII. Questions asked by historians fantasies VIII. The meaning of humanities 2. Non-representational / IX. The Arts non-objective art X. Art Appreciation a) Contemporary XI. Creativity painters XII. Assumptions of Art B. Sources of the subject of art A. Art is universal 1. Nature B. Art is not nature 2. History C. Art involves experience 3. Greek and Roman D. Art as expression mythology E. Art as a form of creation 4. Religion XIII. Functions of art 5. Sacred oriental texts A. Functional a) Judaism B. Non-functional b) Buddhism XIV. How does art serve us? c) Christianity A. Personal function d) Jainism B. Social function e) Islam C. Physical function f) Baha’i Faith XV. Basic Philosophical Perspective g) Hinduism A. Art as Mimesis h) Confucianism B. Art as Representation i) Taoism C. Art for Art’s Sake j) Wicca D. Art as an Escape II. The Content of Art XVI. Categories/Classification of Art A. Three Levels of Meaning A. Visual Arts 1. Factual meaning 1. Painting 2. Conventional meaning 2. Sculpture 3. Subjective meaning 3. Architecture III. Keeping Art B. Performing/Combined Arts A. National pride and glory 1. Music B. Museums and private collections 2. Dance C. Preservation and restoration Buenaventura, Shiloh Clarisse C. GE 6: The Importance, Meaning, and Assumptions of Art BSBIO 2B A.Y. 2024-2025  ○ Art is an attitude of spirit, a state of UNIT 1: The Importance, Meaning, and mind - one that demands its own Assumptions of Art satisfaction and fulfilling, a shaping of matter to a new and more The importance of art significant form A component of a dynamic civilization Oscar Wilde Enhances daily experiences ○ Art is the most intense mode of Develops the intellect of the younger individualism that the world has generation to build up positive character known and appreciate natural aesthetics Elbert Hubbard An essential form of expression and ○ Art is not a thing, it is a way communication Nietzsche ○ Art is essentially the affirmation, the The meaning of art blessing, and the deification of Art existence ○ Derived from French ○ A skill as a result of learning or Four common essentials of art practice Art has to be man-made Ars Art must be creative, not imitative ○ Derived from Latin Art is expressed through a certain medium ○ Ability or practical skills Art must benefit and satisfy man Ars ○ Derived from Medieval Latin Art history ○ Any special form of book learning A discipline of studying arts through the lens such as grammar, logic, or anatomy of history (Collingwood, 1983) Involves dealing with objects and works of art in their historical development and Art in three different ways stylistic contexts As an ability The job of art historians is to study visual ○ Beautiful and stirring and tangible objects humans make and map ○ Utilizes imagination and creativity them in history ○ The skill of man to make things As a product Questions asked by art historians ○ Art is the completed work or final Who made this? output Who or what is the subject? As a process How was this made? ○ Art involves activities creating How did the artist’s audience receive the pictures and unforgettable works work? Definition of art by popular thinkers The meaning of humanities Plato The study of art belongs to the discipline of ○ Art is that which brings life in humanities harmony with the beauty of the world Comes from the Latin word “humanus” John Dewey (humane, cultured, and refined Humane Buenaventura, Shiloh Clarisse C. GE 6: The Importance, Meaning, and Assumptions of Art BSBIO 2B A.Y. 2024-2025  ○To have or show qualities like ○ The act of combining or recording rationality, kindness, and tenderness already existing materials so that a ○ Used for a system of thought or new object is formed action that centered upon definitely human interest or ideals, values, and Assumptions of Art sentiments 1. Art is universal Questions puzzling the existence of It is everywhere man: Art has no boundaries and rises above ○ What am I? traditions, races, and civilizations ○ Why am I what I am? 2. Art is not nature ○ Why am I in this world? Art is man-made Humanities It is the development of a man who uses his ○ The records of man’s quest for analytical ability and artistry to process and answers to the fundamental plan questions he asks about himself and 3. Art involves experience about life Art is a reflection of our experience ○ Through this discipline, people learn It is seeking participation what it is to be humane Three major experiences of art for artists ○ Experience that an artist wants to The Arts communicate Originally comes from the Aryan root ar, ○ Experience in creating artwork meaning “join”, or put together ○ Experience after creating the artwork The Latin term ars and artis means Audience Experience of Art everything that is artificially made or ○ Sensory response - aesthetic appeal composed by man ○ Emotional response Art in our modern day means everything ○ Intellectual response that is artificially made or composed by man 4. Art as expression ○ It is the skillful arrangement or Art has grown out of man’s need to express composition of some common but himself significant qualities of nature to The personal and social values of the artist express human feelings, emotions, and his penetrating psychological insights or thoughts in a perfect, meaningful, into human reality are also conveyed and enjoyable way through art Modern considerations of art defined it as a 5. Art as a form of creation formal expression of a considered human As a creative activity, art involves skill or experience expertness in handling materials and organizing them into new, structurally pleasing and significant units Art Appreciation Attitude towards art Functions of Art Allows us to understand deeply the purpose 1. Functional of an artwork and recognize the beauty it Directly useful - architecture, weaving, possesses furniture-making, industrial design 2. Non-functional Creativity Indirectly useful - painting, sculpture, Creation literature, music, theater Buenaventura, Shiloh Clarisse C. GE 6: The Importance, Meaning, and Assumptions of Art BSBIO 2B A.Y. 2024-2025  1. Visual Arts (2D/3D) How does art serve us? Painting Personal function ○ Application of pigment on any flat ○ Art educates our senses and surface sharpens our perception of color, Sculpture forms, textures, designs, sounds, ○ Carving, modeling, casting, rhythms, and harmonies in our constructing, and assembling of environment materials and objects Social function Architecture ○ Art seeks to influence the collective ○ Planning, designing, and behavior of people constructing buildings and Physical function non-building structures for human ○ It encompasses the aesthetic shelter function through which art becomes 2. Performing/Combined Arts influential for man to be aware of the Music beauty of nature ○ Art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time Basic Philosophical Perspective Dance 1. Art as Mimesis (Plato) ○ Movement of the body in rhythmic All artistic creation is a form of imitation: way usually to music and within a ○ Type created by God - that which given space really exists in the world of ideas Film ○ Shadowy representations of the ○ Also called movie or motion picture ideal type - the concrete things man ○ A series of still images that when perceives in his existence shown on screen creates an illusion 2. Art as Representation (Aristotle) of moving images Recognized that literature is a Theater representation of life, yet also believed that ○ Collaborative form of art that uses representations intervene between the live performers, typically actors or viewer and the real actresses to present the experience Creates worlds of illusion leading one away of real or imagined event before a from the “real things” live audience 3. Art for Art’s Sake (Kant) Literary Art has no justification and it serves no ○ Concerned with the writing, study, or political, didactic, or other ends content of literature, especially with Art has its own reason of being the kind valued for quality of form 4. Art as an Escape Performance poetry The ritual of producing or making art ○ Poetry specifically composed for or touches the deepest reaches of the mind during a performance before an and the essential dimension of the artistic audience rather than on print mostly creative process open to improvisation The sacred level of art not only transforms 3. Digital art everything into art but also transforms the An art that is made with the assistance of artist at the very center of his or her being electronic devices or intended to be displayed on a computer which is the most Categories / Classification of Art important element in digital art Buenaventura, Shiloh Clarisse C. GE 6: The Importance, Meaning, and Assumptions of Art BSBIO 2B A.Y. 2024-2025 4. Applied Arts Two Kinds of Art as to Subject Application of design and decoration to 1. Representational / objective art everyday objects to make them aesthetically Arts that depict objects that are commonly pleasing recognized by most people Fashion design Uses “form” and is concerned with “what” is ○ Art of applying design, aesthetics, to be depicted in the artwork and natural beauty to clothing and its Attempt to portray the subjects as it is; the accessories artists would try to be as objective as Furniture design possible ○ Specialized field where function and Still life fashion collide ○ inanimate objects arranged in an Interior design indoor setting ○ Enhancing the interior of a building Portrait to achieve a healthier and more ○ painting, photographs, figures, or aesthetically pleasing environment any other art form in which the face for the people using the space and its expression are predominant Graphic design ○ The realistic likeness of a person’s ○ Artistic process of effective attire and accessories are very communication expressive because they reveal so ○ Combines words, images, and much about the person and his time symbols to create a visual Scapes representation of ideas ○ Landscapes Cartoon ○ Seascapes Photography ○ Moonscapes Silkscreen ○ Cityscapes Printmaking Mythology and Religion ○ Used to preach and teach ○ Art is said to be the handmaid of religion CHAPTER II: SUBJECT AND CONTENT OF Dreams and Fantasies ART 2. Non-representational / non-objective art Arts without any reference to anything The Subject of Art outside itself The matter to be described or portrayed by It is non-objective because it has no the artist recognizable objects The subject of art is varied It is abstract in the sense that it does not ○ Person represent real objects in our world ○ Object Contemporary Painters ○ Scene or event ○ Some contemporary painters have Anything under the sun shifted their interest to the work of Can also be real events, like the art as an object itself; an exciting devastations of super typhoons, tsunamis, combination of shapes and colors earthquakes, etc. that fulfills the aesthetic needs without having to represent an image or tell a story Buenaventura, Shiloh Clarisse C. GE 6: The Importance, Meaning, and Assumptions of Art BSBIO 2B A.Y. 2024-2025 Sources of the Subject of Art creatures as we regard our own self, 1. Nature and should therefore refrain from Has been the most common inspiration and inflicting upon others such injury as subject would appear (Yogasastra) Nature as landscapes has been the Islam common subject of the arts ○ None of you truly believes until he 2. History loves for his brother what he loves Consist of verifiable facts: all art is for himself (40 Hadith 13) conditioned by the historical period in which Baha’i Faith it is created ○ Lay not on any soul a load which ye 3. Greek and Roman Mythology would not wish to be laid upon you, A very importance source of subject in the and desire not for any one the things arts ye would not desire for yourselves These are so famous that they count as a (Gleanings From the Writings of definite part of our inheritance Baha’u’llah, page 128) Renaissance period: poets, painters, and Hinduism sculptors drew largely from Greek and ○ One should never do that to another Roman sources for subjects which one regards as injurious to 4. Religion one’s own self. This, in brief, is the Has played an enormous role in inspiring rule of dharma. (Brihaspati, work of visual arts, music, architecture, and Mahabharata 13.113.8) literature throughout the ages Confucianism Renaissance period: European artisans ○ Zigong asked, “Is there a single became “artists” and conscious of their role saying that one may put into practice in a way that had never been true before all one’s life?” The Master said, Examples: “That would be ‘reciprocity’: that ○ Sistine Chapel which you do not desire, do not do to 5. Sacred Oriental Texts others.” (The Analects of Confucius Judaism 15.24) ○ That which is hateful to you do not Taoism do to another; that is the entire ○ Regard your neighbor’s gain as your Torah, and the rest is its own gain, and your neighbor’s loss interpretation. Go study. (Talmud, as your own loss. (Lao Tse’s Shabbat 31a) Treatise on the Response of the Buddhism Tao) ○ Hurt not others in ways that you Wicca yourself would find hurtful ○ Ever mind the Rule of Three. Three (Udanavarga 5:18) times your acts return to thee. This Christianity lesson well, thou must learn. Thou ○ In everything, do to others as you only gets what thee dost earn (The would have them do unto you, for Rule of Three) this is the law and the Prophets (New Testament, Matthew 7:12) The Content of Art Jainism The meaning, message, and/or feeling ○ In happiness and suffering, in joy imparted by a work of art and grief, we should regard all Buenaventura, Shiloh Clarisse C. GE 6: The Importance, Meaning, and Assumptions of Art BSBIO 2B A.Y. 2024-2025  Not the same thing as the subject matter the Any personal meaning consciously or work depicts unconsciously conveyed by the artist using Content private symbolism that stems from his own ○ Inextricably linked with form association of certain objects, actions, or (pictorial aspects or art) colors from past experiences The mass of ideas associated with each artwork and communicated through the Keeping Art following: A country, society, and individual may hold ○ The arts’ imagery on to an artwork often beyond its ○ The symbolic meaning usefulness, which may involve various ○ Its surroundings where it is used or considerations, including its meaning and displayed economic value ○ The customs, beliefs, and values of Public and private institutions (museums the culture that uses it and galleries) are also designed to keep art ○ Writings that help explain the work and issues around preserving or restoring This is not a pipe ○ Artist: Rene Magritte 1. National Pride and Glory ○ Location: Los Angeles County Nations keep art for several reasons Museum of Art ○ Good for the economy and business ○ Period: Surrealism ○ San Agustin Church (UNESCO ○ Created: 1928-1929 World Heritage Site) ○ Medium: oil paint ○ Spolarium by Juan Luna ○ Support: canvas 2. Museums and Private Collections Museums ○ Repositories of much of the art in most countries and make them available for public viewing through either permanent or temporary exhibitions Private Collections ○ Older than museums ○ Since the earliest times, rulers, ○ nobles, and priests have collected art and kept it in palaces, and The Content of Art - 3 Levels of Meaning temples, for aesthetic pleasure, 1. Factual Meaning personal or ritual use, or display of A literal statement or the narrative content in power the work which can be directly understood 3. Preservation and Restoration because the objects presented are easily Because art is valuable, enormous human recognized effort and financial resources are devoted to 2. Conventional Meaning preserving art from the ravage of time, Special meaning that a certain color or environment, industrial by-products, and object has for a particular culture or a group other human beings of people 3. Subjective Meaning Buenaventura, Shiloh Clarisse C. GE 6: The Importance, Meaning, and Assumptions of Art BSBIO 2B A.Y. 2024-2025