Lower Limb Alignment PDF
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Uploaded by YouthfulGarnet
KHCMS
Dr.Sarkawt S.Kakai
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Summary
This document provides a lecture on lower limb alignment. It explains the radiographic analysis tools used for evaluating alignment, defines anatomical and mechanical axes, and covers the femoral neck-shaft angle. It's relevant for anatomical and clinical courses.
Full Transcript
Lower limb Alignment Dr.Sarkawt S.Kakai KHCMS (Ortho. & Trauma) Full-Length Anteroposterior Standing Radiograph Is the basic tool for the radiologic analysis of lower limb alignment. To correctly evaluate the alignment of the lower limbs in the frontal plane, the femoral condyles must be oriented pa...
Lower limb Alignment Dr.Sarkawt S.Kakai KHCMS (Ortho. & Trauma) Full-Length Anteroposterior Standing Radiograph Is the basic tool for the radiologic analysis of lower limb alignment. To correctly evaluate the alignment of the lower limbs in the frontal plane, the femoral condyles must be oriented parallel to the X-ray film. This is accomplished by directing the patellae forward while keeping both knee joints in a neutral position. Anatomic axes The anatomic axes of the femur and tibia coincide with the mid-diaphyseal line of each bone. They are defined by the midpoints of two lines drawn perpendicular to the shaft. The mechanical axis The axis passes through the center point of the hip joint (center of the femoral head) and through the center point of the ankle joint. The mechanical axis should pass just medial to the center point of the knee joint. The lateral or medial mechanical axis deviation (MAD) from the center of the joint is measured in millimeters (mm). Femoral neck-shaft angle The angle between the longitudinal femoral shaft axis and the femoral head-neck axis is measured. The axis of the femoral neck is defined by a line bisecting the femoral neck through the center of the femoral head. A known normal range of 125°-135° Coxa valga: >135° Coxa vara:
