Frozen Shoulder & Adhesive Capsulitis - Lecture Notes PDF

Frozen Shoulder \ adhesive capsulitis A condition that causes pain, stiffness, and limited range of motion in the shoulder shoulder joint. It is a common musculoskeletal disorder that typicall...

Frozen Shoulder \ adhesive capsulitis A condition that causes pain, stiffness, and limited range of motion in the shoulder shoulder joint. It is a common musculoskeletal disorder that typically affects adults between the ages between the ages of 40 and 60. by mohamed nabil preencoded.png  Risk factors 1 Diabetes & Thyroid Dysfunction Having diabetes significantly increases your risk of developing frozen shoulder, as does thyroid dysfunction. thyroid dysfunction. 2 Shoulder Injury or Surgery A previous shoulder injury or surgery can also predispose you to this condition. 3 Gender & Autoimmune Diseases women more than men more common in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis. 4 Other Factors Other risk factors can include age, occupation, and lifestyle, such as lack of physical activity. preencoded.png  Causes of Frozen Shoulder 1 Injury or Trauma 2 Immobilization Shoulder injuries, such as a Prolonged immobilization of the rotator cuff tear or dislocation, shoulder, such as after surgery or can lead to the development of from wearing a sling, can cause frozen shoulder. the shoulder joint to stiffen. 3 Chronic Conditions Certain medical conditions, such as diabetes, thyroid disorders, and Parkinson's disease, can increase the risk of developing frozen shoulder. preencoded.png  Symptoms of Frozen Shoulder Pain Stiffness Limited Range of Motion a dull, aching pain in the shoulder, which can The shoulder joint becomes increasingly stiff, As the condition progresses, limited active & worsen at night. making it difficult to move the arm in certain passive ROM. directions. started with ER in ADD. preencoded.png  Stages of Frozen Shoulder 1 Freezing The shoulder gradual onset of pain and stiffness & limited ROM. 2 Frozen The shoulder joint becomes severely restricted, with significant pain and stiffness. 3 Thawing The shoulder begins to regain its range of motion, and the pain and stiffness gradually improve. preencoded.png  Diagnosis of Frozen Shoulder 1 History 2 Physical Examination 3 Imaging Tests symptoms ROM active / passive X-rays medical history strength MRI recent injuries or tender areas. ultrasound immobilization. to rule out other conditions and confirm the diagnosis. preencoded.png  Non-Surgical Treatment Options Physical Therapy Anti-Inflammatory Medications heat & cold therapy Exercises and stretches to improve range of reduce inflammation, pain & improve motion and reduce pain and stiffness. NSAIDs medications mobility. Steroid injection to reduce inflammation and pain. preencoded.png  Surgical Treatment Options Manipulation Under Arthroscopic Surgery Anesthesia Release the tight shoulder capsule to break up adhesions and improve and remove adhesive tissues. range of motion. Open Surgery Combination Approach More extensive surgery to release A combination of surgical techniques the shoulder capsule and remove may be used in some cases to any abnormal tissue. achieve the best results. preencoded.png Recovery and Rehabilitation Physical Therapy to regain strength and mobility in the shoulder. Home Exercises home exercise program to continue their rehabilitation after therapy sessions. Gradual Return to Activity Over time, patients can gradually return to their normal activities and sports as their shoulder improves. preencoded.png  Preventing Frozen Shoulder Maintain Mobility Stay Active Regularly stretching and moving the Engaging in regular physical activity can shoulder can help prevent stiffness and help maintain shoulder strength and adhesions. flexibility. Manage Underlying Conditions Avoid Immobilization Minimizing the amount of time the Controlling conditions like diabetes and shoulder is immobilized, such as after an thyroid disorders can reduce the risk of injury or surgery, can help prevent frozen frozen shoulder. shoulder. preencoded.png  Prognosis Mild Cases Typically resolve within 12-18 months with conservative treatment. Moderate Cases May take 18-24 months to fully recover, with a combination of therapies. Severe Cases Can take 2-3 years or longer to regain full shoulder function, even with treatment. preencoded.png  Shoulder Impingement Syndrome irritation & inflammation of rotator cuff tendons, causing pain and limited ROM in the ROM in the shoulder joint. This can occur due to repetitive overhead motions or motions or injuries to the shoulder area. preencoded.png  Anatomy of the Shoulder Bones Rotator Cuff Bursa The shoulder joint is composed of three The rotator cuff is a group of four tendons The bursa is a fluid-filled sac that cushions bones: the clavicle, scapula, and humerus. tendons and muscles that stabilize the and lubricates the shoulder joint, reducing humerus. These bones work together to shoulder joint and allow for overhead friction between the bones and tendons. to provide a wide range of motion. movements. preencoded.png  Causes of Shoulder Impingement 1 Repetitive Overhead 2 Injury or Trauma Motions Shoulder injuries, such as a fall or car Activities like swimming, baseball, accident, can damage the rotator and painting can cause the rotator cuff and lead to impingement. cuff tendons to become inflamed over time. 3 Bone Spurs 4 Arthritis Bone spurs, or bony projections, can Osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis develop on the acromion process of in the shoulder joint can cause the scapula and rub against the inflammation and impingement of rotator cuff. the rotator cuff. preencoded.png  Symptoms of Shoulder Impingement Pain Weakness Shoulder pain, especially when reaching overhead or behind the back, is a The rotator cuff muscles may become weak, making it difficult to lift the common symptom of impingement. arm or perform certain activities. Stiffness Swelling and Tenderness Shoulder stiffness and limited range of motion can occur, particularly in The affected area of the shoulder may appear swollen and be tender to abduction (raising the arm to the side). the touch. preencoded.png  Diagnosis of Shoulder Impingement 1 2 3 History Physical Exam Imaging Tests symptoms ROM X-rays activity level strength MRI previous shoulder injuries or tender point to identify the source ultrasounds conditions. of the problem. to look for structural issues, such as bone Special test spurs or rotator cuff tears. preencoded.png  Non-Surgical Treatments Medications Physical Therapy Anti-inflammatory drugs NSAIDs Exercises to strengthen the rotator cuff and corticosteroid injections improve shoulder mobility can help manage symptoms and prevent further injury. reduce pain and swelling Rest and Modification Ice and Heat Avoiding activities that aggravate the Applying ice to reduce swelling and heat to shoulder and allowing time for the improve blood flow can help alleviate pain inflammation to subside can promote and stiffness. healing. preencoded.png Surgical Treatments Arthroscopic Decompression Removing the inflamed bursa and shaving down any bone spurs create more space for the rotator cuff. Rotator Cuff Repair If the rotator cuff tendons are torn, they may need to be surgically repaired to restore full shoulder function. Acromioplasty The acromion process of the scapula may be reshaped or removed to prevent it from impinging on the rotator cuff. preencoded.png Prevention and Recovery Prevention - Maintain good posture and shoulder mobility through exercise - Avoid repetitive overhead activities or take frequent breaks - Use proper form and technique during activities to reduce strain Recovery - Follow the treatment plan prescribed - Gradually return to normal activities as pain and swelling subside - Commit to a long-term exercise and stretching routine to maintain shoulder health preencoded.png preencoded.png