Lec1_2 Climate JMD Fall 2023 Student Slides PDF

Important Policies Late work Emails Absences and make-up exams Feedback  Cognitive Warm Up Doodle the levels of ecological organization – Individual – Population – Community – Ecosystem – Landscape – Biosphere  Cognitive Warm Up Doodle the lev...

Important Policies Late work Emails Absences and make-up exams Feedback  Cognitive Warm Up Doodle the levels of ecological organization – Individual – Population – Community – Ecosystem – Landscape – Biosphere  Cognitive Warm Up Doodle the levels of ecological organization – Individual – Population – Community – Ecosystem – Landscape – Biosphere Generate two scientific questions, each at a different scale  Learning Objectives Understand and explain how the sun influences Earth’s climate Understand how climate influences the distribution of biomes Identify different types of biomes  Climate vs. Weather Climate: Typical atmospheric conditions and patterns in a place measured over a long period of time Weather: Variation in atmospheric conditions over short time frames (hours or days) *The key difference is time frame  What creates climate? -Unequal Heating of Earth -Greenhouse effect Copyright © 2021 W. H. Freeman and Company. All rights reserved.  Large-Scale Patterns of Climatic Variation Spherical shape + tilt  uneven heating  Large-Scale Patterns of Climatic Variation Warm, moist air rises Cools, condenses, and falls as rain Cooler, dry air falls back to surface – Rainforests found near equator – Major deserts found near 30o N / S The Circulation of Air in Hadley Cells Copyright © 2021 W. H. Freeman and Company. All rights reserved.  Atmospheric Circulation Coriolis effect: deflection of an object’s path due to the rotation of the earth – Deflected to the right in N hemisphere – Deflected to the left in S hemisphere.  The Coriolis Effect Copyright © 2021 W. H. Freeman and Company. All rights reserved. Air Circulation Patterns on Earth Copyright © 2021 W. H. Freeman and Company. All rights reserved.  Practice How would seasonality in temperature be affected if earth’s rotation on its axis were perpendicular to its plane of orbit around the sun (i.e. not tilted)? Ocean Currents Copyright © 2021 W. H. Freeman and Company. All rights reserved.  Ocean Currents Several factors affect the flow of ocean currents: – Solar energy – Air currents – Coriolis effect – Topography of land masses and ocean floor – Physical and chemical properties of water Salinity and density Gyre – large scale water circulation patterns Smaller-scale geographic features can affect regional and local climates. Copyright © 2021 W. H. Freeman and Company. All rights reserved.  Rain Shadow Copyright © 2021 W. H. Freeman and Company. All rights reserved. Climates Determine Temperate Biomes Copyright © 2021 W. H. Freeman and Company. All rights reserved. The Global Distribution of Biomes Copyright © 2021 W. H. Freeman and Company. All rights reserved.