Lec09 Principles of Animation_2122.pdf

EIE 3101 Computer Animation Lec 09 Principles of Animation 1 Isaac Kerlow, The art of 3D computer animation and effects, 4th ed., Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons, 2009. Chapter 10 2021/22 sem 1 2 Content Ch10 Principles of Animation Tutorial  Auto Key Animation Mode  Set Key Animation Mode...

EIE 3101 Computer Animation Lec 09 Principles of Animation 1 Isaac Kerlow, The art of 3D computer animation and effects, 4th ed., Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons, 2009. Chapter 10 2021/22 sem 1 2 Content Ch10 Principles of Animation Tutorial  Auto Key Animation Mode  Set Key Animation Mode  Dope Sheet  Walkthrough Assistant 3 The Craft of Animation  Animation is the art of movement expressed with images that are not taken directly from reality.  In animation, the illusion of movement is achieved by rapidly displaying many still images—or frames—in sequence.  The stories behind animated images are critical to the success of a project, but the artistic use of the craft and techniques are also essential. 4 Character Animation  Character animation seeks to bring life to imagined or virtual characters, and is considered by many the highest form of animation.  Fig 10.4.2  https://youtu.be/kilJmP2kGC4 5 Effects Animation  Most of the animation that is not character-oriented falls within the specialty of effects animation.  This usually include natural phenomena like fire, smoke, wind, dust, and water in it many forms (rain, snow, clouds, rivers, waterfalls, oceans), as well as special lighting effects like sparks and shadows.  Fig 10.1.8, 12.3.4-12.3.6  https://youtu.be/5ET1rVmEQAU 6 Effects Animation 7 Visual Effects Animation for Live Action  Animating visual effects and characters for live action requires a unique approach that is usually quite different from traditional animation.  Since the main goal of visual effects animation is to complement live action, most animated elements must visually match the motion, colors, lighting, and perspective of the live sequence. (Fig 11.2.6)  Unlike cartoon animation where the creator is free to exaggerate motion, visual effects animation must blend seamlessly with the action plates provided by the cinematographer.  https://youtu.be/VOFMv6w1jUI Visual Effects Animation for Live Action 8 9 Keyframing and In-Betweening  One of the fundamental techniques used in animation is called keyframing.  This technique is used to define an animated sequence based on its key moments.  In the case of hand-drawn animation , the drawings that correspond to the key moments in an animated sequence are called keyframe drawings, keyframes or extremes (Fig 11.1.1) 10 11 Keyframing and In-Betweening  Another animation technique called inbetweening is used once the keyframes have been established and drawn.  In-betweening consists of creating all the transition or in-between drawings that fill in the gaps between the keyframes.  In computer animation, in-betweening is usually done with a technique called interpolation.  A variety of computer interpolation techniques can be used to create as many in-between frames as needed by using simple information, such as keypoints in a keyframe or interpolation. 12 Units of Animation  Animations are made of thousands of frames, but the smallest unit of animation is the frame.  One frame consists of a single still image, and for that reason one frame of animation is sometimes called a still frame, or simply a still. 13 Digital Video Video (moving pictures) : A sequence of digitized picture. The higher the frame rate, the more “natural” the video appears to a human observer, i.e. the video “flows” better What Is Frame Rate? 14 https://youtu.be/dEtiNxlTJ8I 15 Units of Animation  The number of frames that constitute one second of animation depends on the output media on which the animation is delivered.  One second of animation at normal-speed video: 30 frames  One second on film: 24 frames  On an interactive real-time computer, the frame rate adapts itself to the hardware capabilities, ranging from 8 to 60 frames.  The number of frames of animation per second is also called the rate of display or rate of projection, and is usually indicated with the letters fps (frames per second). 16 Frame Rate Frame rates:  Full-motion video: 24-30 frames/s or even 60 frames/s for HDTV  Animation: 15-19 frames/s  Video telephony: 5-10 frames/s  Video conferencing & interactive media applications: 15-30 frames/s 17 Storyboarding  A storyboard is a visual interpretation of the screenplay and contains many images and production notes.  A storyboard consists of a series of panels that contain in visual form the scenes and shots specified in the screenplay.  There is no standard medium for storyboards, but they are usually drawn on boards, on plain paper, or preprinted paper with guides.  https://www.vyond.com/resources/whatis-a-storyboard-and-why-do-you-needone/ 18 The Conceptual Storyboard  A conceptual storyboard is used to develop the basic visual ideas such as the actions of the characters, the camera positions, the timing of motions, and the transitions between scenes.  Conceptual storyboards are often loose, sketchy, and informal, and may contain lots of abbreviated notes. (Fig 10.5.1, 1.4.9) 19 20 The Presentation Storyboard  The presentation storyboard is used to show a detailed visual summary of the project to individuals with decision-making authority, such as clients or supervisors.  Presentation storyboards usually include important scenes of the project are often executed with great attention to detail, in color and on high-quality materials (Fig 10.5.3)  The visuals are usually large enough so that several people in a meeting room can look at them from a distance, and small enough to fit inside a portfolio.  The notes included in presentation storyboards should always be very legible and descriptive without getting too technical. 21 The Production Storyboard  A production storyboard often guides the production of an animated project or visual effects shot (Fig 10.5.2)  This type of storyboard can be the document that everybody involved in the production process refers to, to clarify questions.  For this reason, they are always very detailed and precise, and they include drawings and written information about every shot in the story.  It is very important to work out many of the technical details in an animation before a production storyboard is created. 22 23 How to Storyboard Your Animation https://youtu.be/ji2nwkH2JRo 24 Hand-drawn storyboard https://www.vyond.com/resources/what-is-a-storyboard-and-why-do-you-need-one/