Lectures in Principles of Law PDF

Lectures in principles of law Presented by Dr. Mostafa Refaat  The classification of law Private law Civil law Commercial law Civil procedure law Private international law Admiralty law / Maritime law  Civil law The objects of civil law are the regu...

Lectures in principles of law Presented by Dr. Mostafa Refaat  The classification of law Private law Civil law Commercial law Civil procedure law Private international law Admiralty law / Maritime law  Civil law The objects of civil law are the regulation of private relations imposing reciprocal obligations and rights. The civil law is the common law that is applied to all the legal relations between individuals regardless their profession or their social status. The civil law deals with the law of person, the property, obligations and enforcement of debts.  The civil law distinguishes between “personal rights” and “real rights”. The real rights: Are dominating authorities to a person on a determine thing. Ex: the right of property. provide to the owner the authority of exploitation, of usage and of vending the thing.  The personal rights : are links of law that enforces the debtor in the legal relation to give the creditor something, or to do or not to do. EX for the obligation to give: The payment of the price due to contract of purchase is a subjective right Ex for the obligation to do: the contract of labor Ex for the obligation of not to do :the term of non competition provided in a contract of selling of the commercial premises.  Civil law distinguishes also between legal acts and” legal fact” The legal act consists on The legal fact consist on bilateral acts which the non –contractual means contracts, reality. and the unilateral acts, EX: the tort like the promise to reward  The commercial law The commercial law is the group of legal regulations governing the commercial activity. According to the first provision of the commercial law ,it is imposed to: 1. “acts of merchant” which means The merchant whether they were physique person or legal status “moral person” like company or firms practicing commercial activities. 2. Commercial activities include banking, tourism ,insurance and industry  The Civil procedure law The Civil procedure law is the body of rules governing the administration of civil law and the control of procedures in front of judicial authority. The civil procedure law controls the process whereby parties to a dispute may have their rights recognized and remedies awarded.  The private international law The private international law is a combining of all questions relating issues to nationality and rights depending on conflicts of law in case of legal relation including parties related to different nationalities. EX- the marriage of Egyptian man to French woman The admiralty law/ The maritime law The admiralty law Consists of the body of law relating to ships, shipping, marine commerce and navigation, transportation of persons or property by sea, also it is related to the freight and cargo of goods. The maritime law organizes the participation of loss due to deterioration of ship. It is known as the “avaries” Facebook group Law Dr. Mostafa Refaat