Production Processes PDF

**Production Processes** Manufacturing is a process that entails the creation of goods for consumer purchase. It can be industrial equipment, technological devices, toys, hygienic productsand many others. A production process includes all the steps a facility might take to set a production quotas,...

**Production Processes** Manufacturing is a process that entails the creation of goods for consumer purchase. It can be industrial equipment, technological devices, toys, hygienic productsand many others. A production process includes all the steps a facility might take to set a production quotas, create and assemble products and distribute themto customersor retailers. [Categories of Production Processes by Output Type] 1\. Discrete Manufacturing In here, companies assemble discrete products, which are goods that youcan quantify. Example: a plant that produces smartphones 2\. Process Manufacturing In here, workers and machines create a product that can't divide into individual units or disassemble. Typically, this creates compounds or formulas from ingredients. Example: a soda factory [Four Production Processes by Amount of Automation] 1\. Manual Manufacturing -- this doesn't involve any level of automation. In this process, employees create product by hand using specialized skills. 2\. Manual Machining -- In here, skilled employees operate manual power tools tocreateproducts. Example: power saw drills 3\. Semi-Automatic Manufacturing In here, an employee controls an automated machine, which creates theproduct. 4\. Fully Automatic Manufacturing In here, machines follow computer programs to create goods. Example: with robotic manufacturing equipment which uses artificial intelligence. (Ref. Indeed, Career Guide, 10 Production Processes in Manufacturing) [Classification of Production System by Amount Produced] 1\. Job-Shop Production Appropriate for manufactures of small batches of many different products, eachof which is custom designed and requires its own unique set of processing stepsor routing through production process. The production system in which different types of products followdifferent sequences through different shops. Ex. Furniture, restaurant, etc.). A process technology suitable for a variety of custom designed products insome volume. This production system adopts process layout. Manufacture more varietyof products at low product volume. 2\. Batch Production A process technology suitable for variety of products in varying volumes. Limited product variety which is fixed for one batch of product. Ex. Bakery shop, medicine shop Within the wide range of products in the facility, several are demandedrepeatedly and in large volume. This type of production system should be preferred when there is widevarietyof products in wide variety of volumes. 3\. Assembly Line (mass) Production A process technology suitable for a narrow range of standardized productsinhigh volumes. The successive units of output undergo the same sequence of operationusingspecialized equipment usually positioned along a production line. The product variety is fixed here. Ex. Assembly of television sets, computer keyboard, cold drinks factory, etc. 4\. Continuous Production A process technology suitable for producing a continuous flowof products. The product is highly standardized. Material and products are produced in continuous, endless flows, rather thanin batches or discrete units. Continuous flow technology affords high volume, around-the clock operationwith capital intensive, specialized automation. (Ref. Dr. Sarojrani Pattnaik, 2020) Prepared by: Asst. Prof. Celerina R. Teodosio CET Faculty