Types of Speeches According to Purpose and Delivery PDF

# Types of Speeches According to Purpose and Delivery ## What is Speech? The expression of or the ability to express thoughts and feelings by articulate sounds. ## Classification of Speeches 1. According to purpose 2. According to delivery ## Types of Speeches According to Purpose - Exposi...

# Types of Speeches According to Purpose and Delivery ## What is Speech? The expression of or the ability to express thoughts and feelings by articulate sounds. ## Classification of Speeches 1. According to purpose 2. According to delivery ## Types of Speeches According to Purpose - Expository Speech - Persuasive Speech - Entertainment Speech ### 1. Informative Aims to provide the audience with information about a topic or to expand their knowledge about a topic with which they are already familiar. #### Types of Informative Speeches 1. **Descriptive Speech** - Provides a vivid picture of a person, a place, or an object. - Provides an image of the subject in the audience's minds through sensory details such as sight, sound, smell, touch, and taste. 2. **Explanation Speech** - Explains or defines a concept, term, or an abstract topic. - Provides facts, etymology of words or concepts, classification, examples, and other relevant details. 3. **Demonstration Speech** - Presents information about how to do something or how something is done. - Gives the audience detailed information of a certain process. 4. **Reportorial Speech** - Describes or explains an event or an issue that is interesting, significant, or unusual. - Helps explain to the audience what happened, why it happened, and what resulted from the event. - Promotes understanding by presenting the reasons for why an issue exists and what its implications and effects are. ### 2. Persuasive Aims to influence the audience to accept the speaker's position or stand on an issue. Examples: sales pitches, political campaign talks, business presentations, and debates. #### Types of Persuasive Speeches: 1. **Convincing Speech** - The speaker attempts to convince the audience to adopt his or her way of thinking or to change the way that they think about things. 2. **Actuation Speech** - Designed to urge the audience to take a particular action. - The speaker seeks to persuade the audience to start doing the action now. ### 3. Entertainment Aims to amuse audience members and put them in a jovial mood. Its primary focus is to entertain an audience or create a pleasant or interesting diversion. May be delivered during casual dinners, parties, graduations, and weddings. - Does not need to be funny at all times and all throughout. - Gets the attention of the audience by speaking of interesting topics that create an enjoyable experience for them. ## Types of Speeches According to Delivery - Manuscript Speech - Memorized Speech - Impromptu Speech - Extemporaneous Speech ### 1. Manuscript Reading a prepared text or manuscript to an audience. Usually given when the manuscript will be part of an official record wherein extremely careful wording is required. Delivered over a podium or lectern. #### Advantages: - No single and essential word is left out. - All significant points are covered and conveyed. #### Disadvantages: - The speech may sound mechanical or forced and unnatural. - The audience may quickly get bored or uninterested. - The speaker is limited in his or her use of nonverbal cues. - The speaker is unable to react to the audience's nonverbal cues #### Manuscript speeches are most advantageous for: 1. Public figures 2. Media personalities 3. Spokespersons for governments and private organizations ### 2. Memorized Requires the speaker to commit the speech to memory. Should be short. Requires the speaker to work harder on facial expressions and tone of voice. Usually used by skilled speakers. Appropriate for relatively short speeches such as when presenting/accepting an award, making an announcement, giving opening or closing remarks, or introducing a speaker. #### Advantages: - It may improve the speaker's memory. - It allows the speaker to plan his or her nonverbal cues. #### Disadvantages: - It takes a long time to memorize unless the speaker has a very keen memory. - It requires more effort to speak from memory than to read from a manuscript. - It allows the speaker to concentrate on visual aids and props. - It develops a sense of confidence in the speaker. - It can sound mechanical and unnatural since the speaker may tend to concentrate on remembering words that come next rather than on communicating their ideas to the audience. #### Delivering a Memorized Speech: - Can help you achieve a smooth and effortless delivery. - Minimizes distractions caused by looking at a manuscript/notes. ### 3. Impromptu Speaking without prior preparation. #### Strategies in Organizing an Impromptu Speech 1. **Opening Rule of Three – Clincher:** - Has a compelling opening - Lists down three reasons that support the opening. - Clincher – Should summarize the points and wrap up the speech well. 2. **Past – Present – Future:** - States analogies - Best strategy to use to showcase something over time. 3. **Point – Reason – Example/Explanation – Point:** - Employs the use of recollection. - Starts with the main point then provides the reason behind it. - Explains the reason to support the main point. - Restates the main point and states the conclusion. ### 4. Extemporaneous Speaking with the use of an outline or notes. It sounds natural. Its exact wording is chosen while a speech is being given. It gives the speaker the chance to practice the flow of the speech using the outline or notes.