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CIT 4102 System Administration and Maintenance Ariel Del Valle Aviles Professor College of Computer Studies and Systems  Introduction to System Administration Systems administration is the branch of IT that is in charge of keeping multi-user...

CIT 4102 System Administration and Maintenance Ariel Del Valle Aviles Professor College of Computer Studies and Systems  Introduction to System Administration Systems administration is the branch of IT that is in charge of keeping multi-user computer systems up and running. This course will teach you about the infrastructure services that keep all businesses, large and small, running smoothly. A system administrator is in charge of a company's network and computer systems' configuration, upkeep, and reliable functioning. They not only diagnose and fix network problems, but they also upgrade the equipment and software to keep it up to date. College of Computer Studies and Systems  Components of System Administrator  User management,  System monitoring,  Backup and recovery, and  Access control. The tasks of system monitoring, backup, and recovery are often incorporated into a company-wide application. User creation and role assignment are two responsibilities of user management. College of Computer Studies and Systems  The challenges of system administration 1. Non-functional software When working on a project, you frequently run across the question of whether it makes sense to test something that will never meet the quality requirement. It is common for the QA staff to be forced to use obsolete and useless tools. They don't have a choice because the management has already purchased software licenses and there is no money available to purchase high-quality software. College of Computer Studies and Systems Cont. 2. Insufficient storage space If the server does not have enough storage capacity, the server's response time will be exceedingly slow, and errors will occur. In some circumstances, logging in is not even feasible. Every administrator has almost certainly encountered this issue at the company's busiest periods. College of Computer Studies and Systems Cont. 3. Reading Someone Else's Code Someone else's code will always lack logic, simplicity, comprehensibility, and other characteristics. It's usually easier to write the full block yourself rather than fix it. This requires a significant amount of time and work, and it does not always resolve the issue. Making changes is an inevitable aspect of the learning process. College of Computer Studies and Systems Cont. 4. Connection to the Internet Nothing is more aggravating than losing your Internet connection. This is perhaps the most common source of employee dissatisfaction. As a result, the company's website is no longer accessible, resulting in financial losses and disappointed clients. College of Computer Studies and Systems Cont. 5. Insufficient time Strict time management can be hazardous to a sysadmin at times. Here are a few examples of potential stressors: Strict deadlines; Problems requiring an urgent response; Requests from colleagues for help; Personal issues. College of Computer Studies and Systems  Why SA is important? Employees who install, maintain, and configure an organization's computer systems, networks, and servers are known as system administrators. They must follow tight cybersecurity regulations when working with both hardware and software to protect the safety of a company's sensitive data and the overall IT infrastructure. College of Computer Studies and Systems  SA more access rights  Access all files and data within the corporate network  Create and delete accounts, both regular and privileged  Assign access rights to user accounts  Download, upgrade, and remove software  Modify corporate systems  And more College of Computer Studies and Systems  System administrators are classified as follows, depending on the nature and size of the organization: ctto Image not mine ref: https://www.ekransystem.com/en/blog/system-server-administrators College of Computer Studies and Systems  Risk Related to SA Work ctto Image not mine ref: https://www.ekransystem.com/en/blog/system-server-administrators College of Computer Studies and Systems  College of Computer Studies and Systems ctto Image not mine ref: https://www.ekransystem.com/en/blog/system-server-administrators  College of Computer Studies and Systems ctto Image not mine ref: https://www.ekransystem.com/en/blog/system-server-administrators Reference(s) https://alexandrialivingmagazine.com/top-5-most-common- problems-faced-by-system-administrators/ https://www.ekransystem.com/en/blog/system-server- administrators College of Computer Studies and Systems College of Computer Studies and Systems  CIT 4102 System Administration and Maintenance Ariel Del Valle Aviles Professor College of Computer Studies and Systems  System Components A system is a grouping of pieces or components that work together to achieve a common goal. A computer system is made up of hardware components that have been carefully selected to perform well together, as well as software components or programs that run on the computer. College of Computer Studies and Systems Cont. “A system component is a process, program, utility, or another part of a computer's operating system that helps to manage different areas of the computer. While similar to a computer program, a system component is not something an end-user directly interacts with when using a computer.” ref: https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/s/system-component.htm College of Computer Studies and Systems Components  Software  Hardware  Dataware  Peopleware Images are not mine ctto of the images College of Computer Studies and Systems Type of Computer System Components https://ecomputernotes.com/fundamental/disk-operating-system/computer-system-components College of Computer Studies and Systems Operating System (OS) Components Image not mine Ref : https://www.guru99.com/components-of-operating-system.html College of Computer Studies and Systems Networks A network is made up of two or more computers that are linked together to share resources (such printers and CDs), exchange files, and allow electronic communication. A network's computers can be connected by cables, phone lines, radio waves, satellites, or infrared laser beams. College of Computer Studies and Systems Four Types of Network  LAN(Local Area Network)  PAN(Personal Area Network)  MAN(Metropolitan Area Network)  WAN(Wide Area Network) Image not mine see rreference College of Computer Studies and Systems Reference(s) https://ecomputernotes.com/fundamental/disk-operating- system/computer-system-components https://electricalfundablog.com/lan-local-area-network-topology- types/ https://electricalfundablog.com/lan-local-area-network-topology- types/ http://computernetworkingtopics.weebly.com/metropolitan-area- network-man.html https://www.classmate4u.com/wan-wide-area-network/ College of Computer Studies and Systems College of Computer Studies and Systems  CIT 4102 System Administration and Maintenance Ariel Del Valle Aviles Professor College of Computer Studies and Systems  Networking Overview  A group of technologies that allow computers to communicate with one another.  Allows users to communicate and collaborate with one another. College of Computer Studies and Systems Network’s Application  Data access in real time  Data files are limited  Shared files on a server  software  Shared peripheral device  Printers and faxes  Personal Communication  Email  Conferencing  Voice IP  Easier data backup  Removable media  Server Image are not mine College of Computer Studies and Systems Types of Network  Common  LAN - Local Area Network  WAN - Wide Area Network  Hybrid  CAN - Campus Area Network  MAN - Metropolitan Area Network  HAN - Home Area Network  PAN - Personal Area Network College of Computer Studies and Systems Network Structure  Server Based Network  Node is any network device  Servers control what the node accesses  Users gain access by logging in  Server is the most important computer College of Computer Studies and Systems Network Structure  Client/Server network Nodes and servers share data roles Nodes are called clients Servers are used to control access Database software Access to data controlled by server Server is the most important computer College of Computer Studies and Systems Network Structure  Peer to peer networks (P2PN)  All nodes are equal  Nodes access resources on other nodes  Each node controls its own resources  Most modern OS allow P2PN  Distributing computing is a form College of Computer Studies and Systems Network Hardware  Network interface cards Network adapter Connects node to the media Unique Machine Access Code (MAC) Image are not mine College of Computer Studies and Systems Network Hardware  Network linking devices Connect nodes in the network Cable runs from node to device Crossover cable connects two computers Image are not mine College of Computer Studies and Systems Network Hardware  Hubs Center of a star network All nodes receive transmitted packets Slow and insecure Image are not mine College of Computer Studies and Systems Network Hardware  Bridge Connects two or more LANs together Packets sent to remote LAN cross Other packets do not cross Segments the network on MAC addresses Image not mine College of Computer Studies and Systems Network Hardware  Router  Connects two or more LANs together  Packets sent to remote LAN cross  Network is segmented by IP address  Connect internal networks to the Internet  Need configured before installation Image are not mine of Computer Studies and Systems College Network Hardware  Gateway Connects two dissimilar networks Connects coax to twisted pair Most gateways contained in other devices Image not mine College of Computer Studies and Systems Reference(s) Peter Norton’s Introduction to Computers, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. https://www.educba.com/types-of-network-devices/ College of Computer Studies and Systems College of Computer Studies and Systems