Human Rights Education PDF

HUMAN RIGHTS EDUCATION CHAPTER 3 INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS  UNITED STATES DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE first formal statement by a nation assering their to choose their own government introduced 6 principles Rule of Law Equality Unalienable Rights Social Compact Limited Gov...

HUMAN RIGHTS EDUCATION CHAPTER 3 INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS  UNITED STATES DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE first formal statement by a nation assering their to choose their own government introduced 6 principles Rule of Law Equality Unalienable Rights Social Compact Limited Government Reform and Revolution SOCIAL CONTRACT claims that indivudals have consented, either explicitly or tacitly, to surrender some of their freedoms and submit to the authority of the ruler SEPARATION OF POWERS the state is divided into branches, each with separate and independent powers and ares of responsibility. BILL OF RIGHTS A bill of rights a is a formal declaration of the fundamental rights of individuals within a particular territory. Its purpose is to protect those rights from any arbitrary , unfair, or capriciously applied actions by the government. Freedom of Religion Freedom of Speech,Press Petition and Assembly Privacy Due Process of Law Equality Before the law CONSTITUTION constitution is a written set of rules for a country, it says what the government must do for the people and what the people must do for the government.9 UNITED NATIONS international organization founded in at the Yalta Conference as a replacement for the League of Nations after World War II. founded to promote worldwide cooperation and to protect human rights UNITED NATION CHARTER * the founding document of the United Nations constitution of the United Nation as an international organization and also a constitution of the international community.1  FOUR MAIN PURPOSE OF THE UNITED NATIONS 01 02 03 04 to keep peace to develop friendly To help nations To be a centre for throghout the world relations among work together to harmonizing the nations improve the lives actions of nations of poor people, to to achieve these conquer hunger, goals disease and illiteracy, and to encourage respect for each other's rights and freedom PRINCIPLES THAT THE UN SHALL ACT THE SOVEREIGN HE FULFILLMENT OF THE EQUALITY OF ALL ITS OBLIGATIONS OF ALL MEMBERS, MEMBERS; TO ENSURE THE RIGHTS AND BENEFITS RESULTING FROM MEMBERSHIP. THE SETTLEMENT OF THE INTERNATIONAL DISPUTES BY PEACEFUL MEANS IN SUCH A MANNER THAT INTERNATIONAL PEACE AND SECURITY, AND JUSTICE, ARE NOT ENDANGERED. PRINCIPLES THAT THE UN SHALL ACT AVOIDING THREAT OR USE OF FORCE THE MAINTENANCE OF AGAINST THE TERRITORIAL INTEGRITY INTERNATIONAL PEACE AND OR POLITICAL INDEPENDENCE OF ANY SECURITY BY EXTENDING ITS STATE WHEN CONDUCTING PRINCIPLE TO NON-MEMBERS INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS; OF THE UN. ALL MEMBERS SHALL GIVE THE UNITED NON-INTERVENTION OF THE UN NATIONS FULL SUPPORT AND IN MATTERS WHICH ARE COOPERATION IN ALL ITS ENDEAVORS. ESSENTIALLYWITHIN THE DOMESTIC JURISDICTION OF ANY STATE. PRINCIPAL ORGANS OF THE UN 01 02 03 Security Council Economic and General Assembly, Social Council maintenance of the main deliberate organ peace and security 44 members of the United Nation carry out majority of the composed of settlement dispute members present representatives from all take action with iniating studies Member States respect to treats to on ecnomical and major decision shall be the peace and decided by 2/3 majority of social matters breaches the members present and make reports 15 members voting Security Council enact peaceful reoslution Resolution are that are complied in good legally binding faith PRINCIPAL ORGANS OF THE UN 04 05 06 Trusteenship UN International Court Council of Justice UN Secretariat the principal judicial organ of the United Nations. composed of created to Secretary-General establish settle legal disputes submitted and his staff. authority to to iy by States and to give territories whose advisory opinion on legal appointed by the people have not questions. General Assembly yet attained a full upon the measure of self- only voluntary in nature, recomendation of government however, if the state agrees to the Security referret to as trust participate then it will be Counsel. territories obligated to comply UNIVERSAL DECLARTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS (UDHR) It is a document that acts as a global road map for freedom and equality, protecting the rights of every individual, everywhere. is a milestone document in the history of human rights. Drafted by representatives with different legal and cultural backgrounds from all regions of the world, the Declaration was proclaimed by the United Nations General Assembly in Paris on 10 December 1948 (General Assembly resolution 217 A) as a common standard of achievements for all peoples and all nations. It sets out, for the first time, fundamental human rights to be universally protected and it has been translated into over 500 languages. widely recognized as having inspired, and paved the way for, the adoption of more than seventy human rights treaties, applied today on a permanent basis at global and regional levels (all containing references to it in their preambles).  CHAPTER 4 UNITED NATION’S INSTRUMENT ON HUMAN RIGHTS Cebu Institute of Technology- University CLJ 311 University by Atty. Paul R. Tisoy  Commision on human rights created under Article 68 of the Charter of the United Nations as a Commission to the Economic and Social Council. served as the UN’s central policy organ in the human rights field. draft historically vital human rights instruments: Universal Declaration of Human rights International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights Two Optional Protocol was repaced because some members were human rights violators  UN HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL Reports directly to the General Assembly in charge of strengthening the promotion insted of the ECOSOC and protection of human rights across the globe. address and make recommendations regarding human rights violations  UNHRC Institution-Building package Universal Periodic Review Advisory Committee Complaint Procedure  Universal periodic review (UPR) mechanism serves to assess the state driven process human rights situations in all United provides the Nations Member States opprorunity for each State to it is a process through which each declare what UN Member State’soverall human actions they have rights record is reviewed. taken to improve review is based on: the human rights National Report situation and Compilation of UN Information fulfill human Summary of Statekholders’ rights obligations Information Three Stages of UPR First Stage Second Stage Final Stage An assessment of the between two reviews (4.5 Account of the human rights situation years), implementation by implementation of these in the country under the state concerned of the recommendations and review reccomnedations given commitments  The Review process in ups Overview Troika conducted by a working group composed of three states serving as composed of the 47 HRC member rapporteurs who facilitate the review states and involves an interactive proceedings dialogues non-HRC member states (observer states) are allowed to participate. UPR PROCESS 1. Preparation and 4. adoption by the Council submission of the and state of the report written reports by the State 5. Report or Account on 2. presentation of the the implementation of reports orally followed the recommendation by interactive dialogue where UN member 3. Troika prepares summary report of the comments and recommendations Council advisory committee the council’s “think tank” for advice on thematic human rights issues. conducting studies and providing research-based advice to the Council  Human Rights council complaint procedure established to adressed consistent patterns of gross and reliably attested violations of all human rights. Composed of two working Groups Working Group on Communications independent experts, determine the admissibility of complaints Working Group on Situations government representative of HRC member states serving in their personal capacity  FOUR STAGES OF THE COMPLAINT PROCEDURE Third Stage: Fourth Stage Second Stage: First Stage Presentation and Examination of Assessment of merits Initial Screening Recommendations Report Chairperson of the Working Group on Council examines Working on Communications Working Group on report and decides if: Communications Situations Discontinue together with the Decides on the admissibility ask for more Secretariat. of a complaint Present the Council information with a report keep situation Check if the Assess the merits of the under review and complaint meet the allegations of violations Make appoint expert to admissibility criteria Dismiss recommendations to monitor Ask for further information the Council on which Recommend if yes, transmit to the Transmit file to the course of action to OHCHR to provide state concern to Working Group on take technical obtain ther reviews Situations cooperation SPECIAL PROCEDURES refer to a diverse range of procedures established to promote and protect human rights and to prevent violations in relation to specific themes or issues or examine the situation in specific countries. Thematic Mandate allow mandate-holders to analyze major phenomena linked to certain economic, social, cultural, civil, and political rights, or specific groups, Country Mandates Country Mandates allow mandate-holders to examine, advise, and report on the human rights situation in a specific country, as set out in the related resolution.  special procedure Mandate holder independent human rights experts serving Privileges and Immunities in their personal capacity immunity from personal arrest and detention from seizues of personal baggage reports and advise on human rights from a immunity from works/written acts done in thematic or country specific perspectives the course of their performance inviolability for all papers and documents  INSTRUMENTS AND TOOLS OF SPECIAL PROCEDURE Annual Reports and Country Visits Communications Recommendations essential means to obtain standing mandate holder must Letter of allegation- direct and first-hand invitation- open report to the HRC on a receiving information information on human rights invitation by the yearly basis. claiming a violation violations. government to all Special Procedure report focus on working Urgent Appeal- asking allow for direct observation to undertake methods and general the government to of the human rights situation country visit developments clarify or comment on and facilitate an intervene in the allegation intensive dialogue the mandate-holders request must be accepted by the government if request not accepted draw the attention of the council  OFFICE OF THE HIGH COMMISSION OF HUMAN RIGHTS leading UN entity on Role: Six Thematic Pillars human rights Promote and protect Non-Discrimination all human rights Mechanism represents the world’s Help Empower Accountability commitment to the People Participation promotion and Assist Governments Peace and Security protection of the full Inject human rights Development range of human rights persperctive to UN and freedom set out in programs the UDHR THANK YOU FOR LISTENING