horticulture mcq.pdf

UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULGURE, FAISALABAD INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES MCQs QUESTION BANK FOR GAT-GRE TEST 1. Type of dormancy due to factors within an embryo is known as a. Endogenous b. Exogenous c. Combination of both...

UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULGURE, FAISALABAD INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES MCQs QUESTION BANK FOR GAT-GRE TEST 1. Type of dormancy due to factors within an embryo is known as a. Endogenous b. Exogenous c. Combination of both d. None of above 2. During stratification, the most important factor is a. Temperature b. Duration c. Media d. All above 3. Seed vigor is affected by a. Time of storage b. Type of seed c. Storage environment d. All above 4. Deciduous plants are mostly grown in a. Hilly areas b. Plains c. Along rivers d. None of these 5. Vine means climbing/trailing plants with a a. Herbaceous stem b. Woody stem c. Both a and b d. None of these 6. Monoecious plants have male and female flowers/floral parts on a. Same plant b. Different plants c. Both a and b d. None of these 7. True fruits are developed from a. Ovary b. Thalamus c. Pericarp d. All of these 8. Drupe fruits have all the three ovarian layers a. Fused b. Separated c. Mixed d. None of these 9. Mango is a a. Drupe fruit b. Pome fruit c. Berry fruit d. Aggregate fruit 10. Citrus is a special type of ______________ called hesperidium. a. Berry b. Pome c. Drupe d. None of these 11. In binomial nomenclature system, first name is always a. Generic name b. Specie name c. Family name d. Sub-Family name 12. Cultivar means a. Cultivated variety b. Discarded variety c. Rejected variety d. Approved variety 13. Vitamin A is effective against a. Night blindness b. Beriberi disease c. Gum problems d. None of these INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES, UAF 1 14. Fertigation refers to the application of fertilizer with a. Irrigation Water b. Rain c. Both a and b d. None of these 15. Through drip we can provide a. Water b. Fertilizer c. Both a and b d. None of these 16. Auxin destruction activities are inhibited by a. Blue light b. Red light c. Green light d. None of the above 17. First and the heaviest flower drop in fruit plants occurs due to a. Structural defects in the flowers b. Lack of pollination c. Non-fertilization d. All above 18. Salient factors which contribute to the fruit drop are a. Embryo abortion b. Number of Seeds per fruit c. Moisture supply d. All above 19. Dormancy can be broken using a. Thiourea b. Ethylene chlorohydrin c. Ethylene acetylene d. All above 20. Word pomum means a. Fruit b. Vegetable c. Flower d. None of these 21. Basic chromosome number of Citrus is a. 8 b. 9 c. 10 d. 11 22. Parthenocarpy refers to a. Seedless fruits b. Fruit without pollination c. Seeds without pollination d. Both a and b 23. Date palm leaf is a compound leaf which is technically called as a. Frond b. Pinna c. Spathe d. None 24. ______________ a monocot but dioecious fruit tree. a. Banana b. Pomegranate c. Date palm d. Papaya 25. _______________ a dicot and dioecious fruit tree. a. Papaya b. Date palm c. Mango d. Banana 26. ______________ is a monocot and monoecious fruit plant. a. Banana b. Papaya c. Date palm d. None 27. Tree fruits can tolerate a soil pH ranging from a. 4.0-8.0 b. 5.0-8.0 c. 5.5-8.0 d. 5.5-8.5 INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES, UAF 2 28. Water potential in a rhizosphere is measured with a. Tensiometer b. Hygrometer c. pH meter d. Thermometer 29. Grape plant is technically called as a. Liana b. Vine c. Creeper d. Bush 30. Guava plant is technically categorized as a a. Bush b. Tree c. Herb d. None 31. Citrus belongs to sub-family a. Citreae b. Clausneae c. Aurantioideae d. Rutaceae 32. Apple fruit develops from a. Thalamus b. Ovary c. Ovule d. Pedicel 33. A complete flower has ____________ number of floral whorls a. 5 b. 3 c. 2 d. 4 34. Citrus seeds are a. Polyembryonic b. Apomictic c. Monoembryonic d. Both a and b 35. Apomictic seedlings are also called as a. Nucellar seedlings b. Sexual seedlings c. Embryonic seedlings d. None 36. Seed of strawberry fruit is a. Achene b. True seed c. Viable seed d. Aborted seed 37. Mulberry is a ____________ type of fruit a. Multiple b. Berry c. Aggregate d. Peppo 38. The largest fruit plants containing family is a. Rosaceae b. Rutaceae c. Myrtaceae d. Vitaceae 39. Chilling injury in plants normally occurs at a temperature a. 0-4°C b. 0-6°C c. 0-10°C d. Walk-in>Low b. High> Low >Walk-in c. Low>Walk-in>High d. Walk-in >High >Low 663. ___________is the most popular F1 hybrid of tomato for off-season production in tunnels. a. Money maker b. Nagina c. Sahil d. Dilpasand 664. Which of the following bear hermaphrodite flowers? a. Peas b. Spinach c. Asparagus d. Tinda gourd 665. _________is the ideal condition for high yield of potato. a. Long days + mild temperature b. Short days + mild temperature c. Long days + high temperature d. Short days + high temperature 666. Which of the following is root vegetable crop but complete edible portion remain above soil surface? a. Carrot b. Radish c. Beet root d. Turnip 667. Golden ball and purple top are promising varieties of ___________. a. Turnip b. Carrot c. Radish d. Onion 668. ___________ vegetable is dioecious? a. Spinach b. Coriander c. Cabbage d. Fenugreek INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES, UAF 46 669. ____________is a cucurbitaceous vegetable but does not produce vine during peak production period? a. Pumpkin b. Indian squash c. Cucumber d. Vegetable marrow 670. __________ is most susceptible to frost? a. Cabbage b. Cucumber c. Turnip d. Spinach 671. Turmeric and ginger are normally asexually propagated through ____________. a. Corms b. Rhizome c. Tubers d. Offshoots 672. Flowering does not occur in _____________in Pakistan. a. Onion b. Garlic c. Coriander d. Fenugreek 673. Bolivia, Ecuador and Peru are the centre of origin of ____________. a. Brinjal b. Potato c. Garlic d. Ash gourd 674. Edible portion of radish is _____________. a. Tap root b. Hypocotyl c. Hypocotyl + root d. Crown 675. In tomato, a period of drought followed by sudden heavy watering during fruit development may cause __. a. Fruit cracking b. Cat face c. Blossom end rot d. Blotchy ripening 676. Colour change of tomato is delayed in tunnel cultivated tomato due to __________. a. High nitrogen b. Low light condition c. Low temperature d. All of these 677. ___________ deficiency is usually considered the cause of blossom end rot in tomatoes. a. Potassium b. Calcium c. Boron d. Zinc 678. Which of following vegetables is not recommended for kitchen gardening? a. Coriander b. Carrot c. Radish d. Asparagus 679. Honey dew is a well-known cultivar of ____________. a. Ash gourd b. Cucumber c. Watermelon d. Melon 680. ___________ attacks at cotyledonary stage in cucurbitaceous crops. a. Hadda beetle b. Red pumpkin beetle c. Red palm weevil d. Stink bug 681. Santa and Kuroda are the commercially cultivated varieties of __________. a. Onion b. Potato c. Brinjal d. Tomato 682. ___________ is the common disease of tomato and potato in Pakistan and in most of the countries. a. Bacterial wilt b. Blight c. Scab d. Cracking 683. Scab incidence is increasing in ___________growing districts of Punjab. a. Potato b. Tomato INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES, UAF 47  c. Okra d. Cabbage 684. Club root is the common disease of crops from family_________. a. Cucurbitaceae b. Cruciferae c. Malvaceae d. Solanaceae 685. _____________is a winter crop but susceptible to frost at heading stage. a. Peas b. Cabbage c. Carrot d. Radish 686. _______increase soil acidity, reduces water and nutrient absorption by roots and thus reduces root growth. a. High atmospheric humidity b. High temperature c. Low atmospheric humidity d. Low temperature 687. __________is an undesirable feature in vegetable crops grown for fresh consumption but desirable in seed production and is influenced by exposure to low temperature. a. Vegetative growth b. Root formation c. Bolting d. Fruit setting 688. Garlic will produce large sized cloves if exposed to cool weather during _________stage. a. Sprouting b. Early vegetative c. Late vegetative d. Bulb formation 689. Most of the potato genotypes do not form stolon and tubers at day and night temperature higher than________. a. 29 & 20 °C b. 25 & 20 °C c. 25 & 17 °C d. All of these 690. Excessive humidity negatively affects_____________ and thus affects seed yield. a. Flowering b. Pollen release c. Pollen germination d. Fertilization 691. Frequent irrigation is required when ____________ prevails because it increases evapotranspiration. a. Warm & humid winds b. Warm & dry winds c. Cool & humid winds d. Cool & dry winds 692. __________soil is relatively fertile but not suitable for root crops. a. Sandy b. Silt c. Loam d. Clay 693. ______________ crop is short duration and have shallow root system. a. Tomato b. Okra c. Bottle gourd d. Cabbage 694. Yield in _____________ is dependent on vegetative growth of plants before fruit set. a. Tunnel tomato b. Okra c. Bottle gourd d. Peas 695. ___________soils do not require frequent irrigation and fertilizer application but are not suitable for most of the vegetables. a. Clayey b. Loamy c. Sandy d. Silt 696. ___________ is unavailable to plants in highly acidic soils. a. Nitrogen b. Phosphorus c. Potash d. Iron 697. Which of the following will have major effect on fertilizer quantity to be applied for deep rooted crops? a. Fertilizers applied to previous crop b. Soil type INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES, UAF 48  c. Climatic conditions d. Irrigation method 698. ___________ method will enhance fertilizer use efficiency in soils having problem of nutrient fixation. a. Broadcasting b. Top dressing c. Band placement d. All of these 699. Sandy soils are characterized by ________________. a. Low in nutrient contents b. Good in moisture retention c. Need less fertilizers d. Poor drainage 700. __________province is leading in onion production. a. Sindh b. Baluchistan c. Punjab d. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 701. Height of high tunnel should be____________. a. 16 ft b. 12 ft c. 6 ft d. 8 ft 702. ____________growing system of vegetables does not require substrate. a. Aeroponics b. Hydroponics c. Soilless d. All of these 703. Vegetables originated in ____________ areas are termed as hardy because these can tolerate frost. a. Tropical b. Sub-tropical c. Temperate d. Dry 704. Riceyness, bracting, buttoning and blindness are the disorders of ____________. a. Cauliflower b. Cabbage c. Onion d. Brinjal 705. Which of the following practice is used for blanching of vegetables? a. Hoeing b. Staking c. Training d. Earthing up 706. _____is compulsory to obtain marketable size fruit in indeterminate tomato varieties grown in tunnels. a. Pruning of inflorescence b. Pinching of side shoots c. Pinching of terminal shoot d. Pruning of leaves 707. _______________avoids fruit decay and spread of diseases keeping plant away from soil in crops grown in high tunnel. a. Training b. Pruning c. Thinning d. Pinching 708. __________is a special technique to restrict vertical growth and encourage branching in vegetables? a. Pinching b. Staking c. Training d. Thinning 709. __________are harvested at immature fruit stage before hardening of fruit rind. a. Melons b. Winter Squashes c. Pumpkins d. Summer squashes 710. Full slip and half-slip are the harvesting indices of _____________ crop. a. Watermelon b. Melon c. Tomato d. Potato 711. ____________increases fruit rind thickness and resistance to cracking in watermelon. a. Nitrogen b. Phosphorus c. Potassium d. Boron INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES, UAF 49 712. ___________causes browning and blockage of vascular tissue, ultimately drying of whole plant. a. Bacterial wilt b. Fusarium wilt c. Southern blight d. Scab 713. ____________are present at each node in cucumber and most of the other cucurbits. a. Male flowers b. Female flowers c. Tendrils d. Hairs (trichomes) 714. Tomato grown in tunnel does not require pollinators but requires __________for pollination. a. Pinching b. Staking c. Training d. Plant movement 715. Damping off in solanaceous crops can be avoided in moist clayey soil by growing nursery on ________ for transplanting bare rooted seedlings and is most practised by farmers in Pakistan. a. Flat beds b. Raised beds c. Plug seedlings d. Earthing up 716. High plant population is desirable in_____________ tomato because individual fruit size does not matter compared to overall yield. a. Determinate b. Indeterminate c. Processing d. Fresh 717. Fruit setting in tomato is reduced due to ____________. a. Temperature above 32 °C b. Hot dry winds c. Temperature below 15 °C d. All of these 718. Tomato farmer reports that fruit are not developing red colour in his field, although he has stopped/greatly reduced nitrogenous fertilizer usage, what can be the reason? a. Temperature above 40 °C b. Short days c. Long days d. Dry wind 719. Tomato fruit should be harvested at __________ or __________stage for extended postharvest life if one has to sell in distant markets. a. Red, Pink b. Breaker, Red (c) c. Breaker, Pink d. Mature green, Breaker 720. Closer planting of peppers reduces fruit size but can benefit in most of the districts of Punjab and Sindh because it avoids_________________. a. Frost injury b. Sunburn c. Red colouration d. Anthracnose 721. Skyline, P-6, Sky red are the varieties of _____________. a. Brinjal b. Pepper c. Tomato d. Peas 722. Pungent and small fruited peppers set more fruit and show more tolerance to _________ temperature than bell peppers. a. High diurnal b. High nocturnal c. Low diurnal d. Low nocturnal 723. _________ pepper fruit can resist shrinkage because cuticle is fully developed in the fruit. a. Ripe b. Immature c. Mature d. Colour breaking 724. In ____ disease, pepper plants gradually die from top to bottom but still have red ripe fruit and dried leaves. a. Fusarium wilt b. Anthracnose c. Damping off d. Collar rot INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES, UAF 50 725. Beans belong to the family_____________. a. Apiaceae b. Amaranthaceae c. Malvaceae d. Fabaceae 726. Corm is used as planting (seed) material used for _______________. a. Arum b. Potato c. Sweet potato d. Onion 727. Which of the following vegetables has perennial herbaceous plants in tropics? a. Peas b. Bitter gourd c. Cauliflower d. Arum 728. __________ has relatively more tolerance to high temperature than other solanaceous vegetables, particularly varieties having elongated fruit. a. Brinjal b. Tomato c. Pepper d. Potato 729. ______ requires adequate irrigation although it is the most drought tolerant among Solanaceous species. a. Brinjal b. Tomato c. Pepper d. Potato 730. Edible portion of Ipomea batatus is _________. a. Stem tuber b. Primary tuberous root c. Secondary tuberous root d. Swollen stem 731. Arum (Arvi) can be best grown on __________soils with _________ subsoil. a. Sandy loam, loam b. Sandy loam, clay c. Clay, sandy loam d. Clay, silt 732. Yellow vein mosaic virus is the common disease of _______________. a. Okra b. Bell pepper c. Onion d. Cabbage 733. _____________ encourage branching in vegetables and restrict vertical growth. a. Pruning b. Pinching c. Thinning d. Training 734. ____________increases percentage of pistillate flowers in cucumbers. a. Ethephon b. Cytokinin c. Gibberellins d. Polyamines 735. Nubbing disorder of cucumber is due to ____________ during fruiting. a. Drought b. High temperature c. Low temperature d. Rain 736. Fertilization of melons and watermelon with ammoniacal N should be ______________at flowering to encourage fruit setting. a. Low b. Moderate c. High d. Very high 737. Poor fruit setting, vine collapse near melon crop maturity and low sugar content are due to weak root systems commonly associated with____________. a. Drought b. High temperature c. Excessive irrigation d. Low relative humidity 738. ___________is not a reliable indicator of watermelon fruit maturity. a. Rind colour of ground facing side b. Drying of tendril on node bearing fruit c. Development of wax on fruit rind d. Tapping of fruit INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES, UAF 51 739. Augusta is the popular variety of _____________. a. Cucumber b. Watermelon c. Melon d. Bitter gourd 740. T-29, Maha Rani, Proline are the varieties of _________. a. Turnip b. Radish c. Carrot d. Beet root 741. Purple top white globe and Golden ball are the common varieties of __________. a. Turnip b. Radish c. Carrot d. Beet root 742. ____________ become unavailable to plants above 7.0 pH. a. Nitrogen b. Phosphorus c. Manganese d. Potassium 743. _____________ is the character of modern tomato cultivars which never develop abscission layer. a. Round fruit b. Multiple lobes c. Green shoulder d. Jointless 744. Firm and thick-walled tomato fruit, of small to medium size, with few locules are suitable for _____________ purpose. a. Fresh consumption b. Paste and sauces preparation c. Juice preparation d. All of these 745. Bulk seed production of hybrid varieties on Commercial basis can be achieved in muskmelon, squash and pumpkin by_________. a. Hand pollination b. Use of male sterile lines c. Self-incompatibility d. All of these 746. Most of the damage to seed during harvesting and post-harvest operations is caused by__________ that decreases viability. a. Mechanical process b. Diseases c. Insects d. All of these 747. ________seeds are generally alive but do not absorb water because of impermeability of the seed coat. a. Viable b. Aged c. Dead d. Hard 748. Incidence of __________from ripe mature seed crop increases during dry weather but can be avoided by harvesting the seed crop early in the morning when there is dew which make seed crop less brittle. a. Lodging b. Diseases c. Shattering d. Bird feeding 749. Bitter gourd maturity for seed production is indicated by ________________. a. Fruit becomes hard b. Fruit becomes red c. Seed become black d. All of these 750. _____________is a special seed treatment for breaking seed dormancy in seeds of temperate areas. a. Priming b. Soaking c. Infusion d. Stratification 751. Seed viability of dormant seeds can be checked by ______________ test. a. Vigour b. Tetrazolium c. Ageing d. Germination 752. Deficiency of _____________ badly affect seed quality because it is a co-factor of many enzymes. a. Nitrogen b. Magnesium c. Copper INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES, UAF 52  d. Zinc 753. Basic rule for seed harvesting is to allow the seed to mature as long as possible on the plants without seed or fruit becoming____________. a. Diseased b. Over-ripe c. Shattered d. All of these 754. Seeds of crops enclosed in fruit are washed after ____________ that decomposes flesh and other material surrounding the seed. a. Extraction b. Pulping c. Fermentation d. Decomposition 755. Seed longevity increases with _____________decrease in seed moisture contents in the moisture content range of ___________. a. 5%, 5-10% b. 5%, 5-13% c. 1%, 5-10% d. 1%, 5-13% 756. Seeds of crops with ______________ high contents will have high seed moisture contents upon exposure to humid environment compared with ___________crops. a. Oil, protein b. Carbohydrate, protein c. Carbohydrate, oil d. Protein, carbohydrate 757. _____________ are the best storage material because these avoid exchange of gasses and insect attack. a. Rubber gasketed lid metal containers b. Cloth bags c. Gunny bags d. Polythene zipper bags 758. _________has small share in inputs but all other inputs are dependent on it for high crop production. a. Land preparation b. Fertilizers c. Seed d. Irrigation 759. Which of the following vegetables has shortest storage life under normal conditions? a. Brinjal b. Okra c. Peas d. Onion 760. Seed shows decline in ______________before __________ during storage. a. Vitality, viability b. Food reserve loss, vigour c. Vigour, viability d. Vigour, Food reserve loss 761. ___________is the treatment to break dormancy related to hard seed coat. a. Priming b. Scarification c. Fermentation d. Stratification 762. Seed longevity is doubled with ___________decrease in temperature of storage environment in the temperature range of____________. a. 1%, 5-50 C b. 5%, 5-50 °C c. 5 C, 5-50 °C d. 10 C, 5-50 °C 763. For safe storage of seed, sum of temperature and relative humidity should not increase_____________. a. 70 b. 80 c. 90 d. 100 764. Natural crossing can be an important source of ___________in sexually propagated crops. a. Hybrid development b. Genetic variability c. Varietal development d. Homozygosity 765. Wind pollination is the common feature of ______________. a. Radish b. Spinach c. Carrot d. Peas INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES, UAF 53 766. High quality seed of biennial vegetables with underground storage organs can be produced by _____________ method because it permits rouging. a. In situ b. Direct c. Replanting d. All of these 767. ____________ prevent abscission of fruit/carpel but can also induce parthenocarpy. a. Auxins b. Gibberellins c. Cytokinin d. Ethylene 768. Chilli, okra and egg plant belong to _________ group of plants based on nature of pollination. a. Self-pollinated b. Cross-pollinated c. Often pollinated d. All of these 769. High seed quality, slightly low seed yield and delayed seed maturity are characteristic features of______________ method of seed production. a. In situ b. Direct c. Replanting d. All of these 770. Biennial vegetables require ____________ to shift from vegetative phase to reproductive phase. a. High temperature b. Chilling temperature c. Humid condition d. Dry condition 771. _________plants have male and female flowers on same plant but usually at different nodes. a. Dioecious b. Hermaphrodite c. Monoecious d. Herkogamous 772. Emasculation is not required in______________ but bagging is mandatory to avoid pollen contamination during hybrid seed production. a. Cucurbits b. Zinnia c. Marigold d. Carrot 773. Flowers having inferior ovary is characterized by arrangement of floral parts in order____________? a. Receptacle-Sepals-Ovary-Petals b. Receptacle-Sepals-Petals-Ovary c. Receptacle-Ovary-Sepals-Petals d. Petals-Receptacle-Ovary-Sepals 774. ________________is necessary to produce true-to-type seed if any other variety of the same crop has not been grown within 1000 meter. a. Rouging b. Isolation c. Thinning d. All of these 775. Term steckling is used for ______________in seed production of root crops. a. Whole root without leaves b. Half root without leaves c. Whole root with intact leaves d. Root from which lower half part has been removed, with intact growing meristem 776. _____________is a clear indication of seed maturity in annual flower seed crops bearing seeds in heads such as zinnia. a. Drying of petals b. Fall of petals c. Change in colour of seeds on margin of head d. Drying of pedicels bearing the heads 777. Pithiness is a disorder of radish but can also occur in _______________ roots. a. Over mature b. Primary c. Tap d. Secondary 778. Root splitting in root crops can occur due to fast root growth caused by____________. a. Excessive watering b. High N c. Warm temperature d. All of these 779. _______________causes roots of radish to become pithy, pungent and of poor quality. a. Excessive watering b. High N INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES, UAF 54  c. High temperature d. All of these 780. Cultivated potato is a _______________specie. a. Diploid b. Triploid c. Tetraploid d. Hexaploid 781. ____________crop of potato contributes 65% of the total potato production in Pakistan. a. Autumn b. Spring c. Hill d. Summer 782. __________________is the leading province in potato production. a. Punjab b. Sindh c. Baluchistan d. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 783. Tuber initiation is favoured by temperature_____________. a. 10-12 °C b. 10-15 °C c. 15-18 °C d. 20-25 °C 784. Seed rate of _______________crop of potato can be halved if tubers are divided in to 2-3 pieces. a. Autumn b. Hill c. Spring and summer d. Summer 785. Knobbiness in potato occur due to _________________. a. Drought b. Excessive irrigation c. Low fertilizers d. Irrigation after drought 786. Hollow heart in potato is due to excessively rapid growth caused by ____________but depletion of nutrients in the root zone. a. Drought b. Excessive irrigation c. Low relative humidity d. High relative humidity 787. ______________are pre-emergence herbicides used in most of the vegetable crops. a. Stomp & Dual gold b. Hadaf c. Round up d. Paraquat 788. Rhizobium can be used in ______________crop that helps in atmospheric N fixation. a. Peas b. Onion c. Coriander d. Brinjal 789. High population reduces _______________ in peas by providing mutual support. a. Erect growth b. Lodging c. Pod development d. Plant height 790. _____________ should not be grown in high tunnel from economic point of view. a. Summer Squash b. Indeterminate tomato c. Cucumber d. Bitter gourd 791. Nutrient film technique, rockwool culture, and lay-flat bag systems are used in __________. a. Aeroponics b. Hydroponics c. Aquaponics d. All of these 792. ___________is factorial in factorial experiments. a. Design b. Parameters c. Treatment combination d. All of these 793. If the P value for interaction between main plot and sub-plot is 0.04, then comparison will be made among ______________ a. Main plot levels within a subplot b. Subplot levels for different main plot levels c. Subplot levels within a main plot level INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES, UAF 55  d. All of these 794. Method of allocation of independent variables in a random way to units or objects or a system to assess any change is dependent upon _______________. a. Replication b. Experimental design c. Randomization d. Treatments 795. _________________can be reduced by increasing number of observations. a. Random error b. Experimental error c. Biasness d. Sampling error 796. ______________ can be done by lottery or random number table. a. Replication b. Experimental design c. Randomization d. Treatments 797. Error beyond the control of researcher in experiments are broadly termed as ______________. a. Genetic error b. Experimental error c. Environmental error d. Sampling error 798. Objective of ____________ is to ensure consistency in results so that if that experiment is performed by another researcher under same conditions, then he can get similar results. a. Replication b. Variation c. Randomization d. Treatments 799. Solution concentration will be_____________ if 01 mg of NaCl is dissolved in 01 litre of water. a. 1% b. 1 molar c. 1 normal d. 1 ppm 800. Solution concentration will be_____________ if 01 g of NaCl is dissolved in 100 milli litre of water. a. 1% b. 1 molar c. 1 normal d. 1 ppm 801. _________________design is used if all experimental units are homogenous. a. Completely randomized design b. Randomized complete block design c. Latin square design d. Split plot design 802. _________________design is used if all experimental units have variation in one direction. a. Completely randomized design b. Randomized complete block design c. Latin square design d. Split plot design 803. __________________design is used if all experimental units have variation in two different directions. a. Completely randomized design b. Randomized complete block design c. Latin square design d. Split plot design 804. Experimental treatments should be applied to fruit trees ____________. a. On lower branches b. On sun facing (south) side c. On northern side d. On all four sides 805. Blocks should be arranged in a field experiment__________________to the source of variation. a. Parallel b. Perpendicular c. Inline d. Diagonal 806. Data is collected from plants in experiments which are called _____________? a. Sample b. Population c. Subset of sample d. Treatments 807. Which of the following is not a Test of Significance to compare treatments means? a. Bonferroni b. LSD c. Tukey d. Pairwise INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES, UAF 56 808. Test of significance to compare treatments means is applied only if _____________. a. Probability value is less than the set value b. Probability value is higher than the set value c. Probability value is at par d. Probability value is different 809. Significance of data is indicated initially by __________. a. Sampling error b. Analysis of variance c. Test of significance d. Random error 810. Outlier is _______________. a. Reading taken from a correct sample b. Reading taken from a sample in any direction c. Reading taken from a wrong sample d. All of these 811. Generally, number of blocks should________________. a. Not be less than three b. Not be less than five c. Not be less than two d. Not be less than four 812. Researcher can include a new experiment in an experiment (study) that is already in progress using ________________design. a. Completely randomized design b. Randomized complete block design c. Latin square design d. Split plot design 813. Design selection, for an experiment having same treatment combinations (factors and their levels), from split-plot design and factorial experiment is based on _______________. a. Importance of one factor over the other b. Size of plots c. Variation among plots d. All of these 814. Grafting is commonly practiced in plants of __________family. a. Cucurbitaceae & Solanaceae b. Cucurbitaceae & Cruciferae c. Cucurbitaceae & Malvaceae d. Solanaceae & Leguminosae 815. ________________is the most sensitive one to abiotic stresses among the following crops. a. Tomato b. Brinjal c. Pepper d. Bottle gourd 816. ______________has longest shelf life among the following crops. a. Bitter gourd b. Luffa (Ghiya tori) c. Ash gourd d. Summer squash 817. ______________is becoming a big problem in several summer vegetables because maggots feed on edible portion and make vegetable unmarketable. a. Red pumpkin beetle b. White fly c. Army worm d. Fruit fly 818. _____________are sensitive to herbicides, acidic conditions and salinity of soil and water. a. Pumpkins & squashes b. Okra c. Tomato d. Brinjal 819. Placing/heaping up soil around base of plant is termed as __________. a. Hoeing b. Weeding c. Earthing up d. Pinching 820. _________is necessary in direct seeded root crops to get marketable crop if seed rate has been kept high. a. Hoeing b. Weeding c. Earthing up d. Thinning 821. Ratio of female:male flower ratio increases with _________. a. Age of plant b. Increase dose of nitrogen fertilizer c. Increase in daylength d. All of these INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES, UAF 57 822. Coriander is a ______________ season crop that is sensitive to frost. a. Winter b. Summer c. Temperate d. Hot 823. Lettuce, coriander, spinach and fenugreek are leafy vegetables, herbaceous in nature, also known as____________. a. Herbs b. Potherbs c. Shrubs d. Perennials 824. Lettuce, coriander, spinach and fenugreek respond more to __________ fertilizers compared to other nutrients. a. Potassium b. Phosphatic c. Nitrogenous d. All of these 825. Iceberg is the popular variety of __________. a. Lettuce b. Mint c. Coriander d. Spinach 826. _______ variety of radish can be cultivated during late summer months (July-start of September). a. Mino early b. Forty days c. Shao-mei d. All of these 827. Potatoes should not be placed in direct sunlight immediately after harvest to avoid ___________. a. Cracking b. Rotting c. Greening d. Shrivelling 828. ____________ is a shallow rooted crop and need heavy fertilization, although uptake only up to 37% of the applied nitrogen. a. Tomato b. Okra c. Pumpkin d. Onion 829. PLRV, PVX, PVY and PVS are viruses of __________. a. Tomato b. Okra c. Potato d. Onion 830. Short term exposure of tomato and pepper fruit to high light intensity when temperature is around 50 C leads to______________. a. Soft nose b. Sunburn c. Soft rot d. All of these 831. Cabbage, turnip and carrot are examples of ___________vegetables on the basis of day length requirement for flowering. a. Short day b. Long day c. Day neutral d. Day insensitive 832. Tomato, cucumber, beans, and peppers are examples of ___________vegetables on the basis of day length requirement for flowering. a. Short day b. Long day c. Day neutral d. All of these 833. Soil ___________increases at low temperature due to increase in dissolution of CO2 and O2, which reduces water absorption. a. Salinity b. Acidity c. Alkalinity d. Sodicity 834. High night ___________ has more drastic effect on yield of vegetables compared to high value of same environmental factor during the daytime. a. Temperature b. Humidity c. Wind d. All of these INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES, UAF 58 835. Cloudy weather with high ___________reduces yield of vegetable crops. a. Night temperature b. Night humidity c. Day temperature d. Day humidity 836. Cauliflower cultivars have been categorized into groups based on their ___________requirement for curd for formation. a. Temperature b. Humidity c. Light d. Soil moisture 837. ___________ is more prevalent in dry conditions. a. Powdery mildew b. Anthracnose c. Downy mildew d. All of these 838. ___________conditions favour good quality seed production of vegetable crops. a. Temperature b. Low atmospheric humidity c. High light d. Low soil moisture 839. Relative humidity in the range of ___________is suitable for most of the vegetable crops. a. 0-20% b. 20-40% c. 40-60% d. 60-80% 840. Avoid ploughing when it is excessively ___________. a. Wet b. Hot c. Dry d. All of these 841. Ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulphate and urea have ___________reaction in soil. a. Alkaline b. Acidic c. Sodic d. Saline 842. _______&_______ are less mobile in soil and therefore should be placed in active root zone of vegetables. a. Potassium & nitrogen b. Phosphorus & nitrogen c. Phosphorus & potassium d. Nitrogen & potassium 843. ____________farming is the need of the time when urban population is rapidly increasing. a. Organic b. Vertical c. Conventional d. All of these 844. Which of the following is not a variety of sweet orange? a. Succari b. Washington Navel c. Red Blush d. All the above 845. Climacteric fruits are characterized by a. High rates of water loss near physiological maturity b. High rates of respiration and water loss near physiological maturity. c. High rates of ethylene production and water loss near physiological maturity. d. High rates of respiration and ethylene production near physiological maturity. 846. The most common substrate for respiration is a. Fructose b. Glucose c. Sucrose d. Ribose 847. The term ‘Propagule’ is usually used for a. Seed b. Stem c. Any plant part used for propagation d. None of the above 848. Peach seed requires stratification of a. 50 days b. 70 days c. 90 days d. None of the above INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES, UAF 59 849. The edible portion of Almond is a. Exocarp b. Mesocarp c. Endocarp d. All the above 850. Pineapple is a. Multiple fruit b. Aggregate Fruit c. Stone Fruit d. Pome Fruit 851. The flower of olive can be best described as a. Pistillate b. Staminate c. Hermaphrodite d. Perfect and staminate 852. Parthenocarpic fruits are commonly found in a. Apple b. Mango c. Banana d. Pear 853. Double haploidy is used to get ________________ in shortest time a. 50% Homozygosity b. 50% Heterozygosity c. 100% Homozygosity d. 100% Heterozygosity 854. The process of acclimatizing a plant to the outdoor environment before transplanting it to the garden is called a. Stratification b. Acclimatization c. Hardening off d. Both b and c 855. The practice of ringing in fruit crops is aimed for a. breaking dormancy b. fruit development c. sprouting of buds d. initiation of roots 856. Guava is more resistant to chilling injury in cold storage than a. Apple b. Banana c. Peach d. All the above 857. When stigma and anthers of the same flower mature at different times, it is called as a. Homogamy b. Heterogamy c. Dichogamy d. Heterosis 858. The edible portion of apple is a. Mesocarp b. Endocarp c. Epicarp d. Thalamus 859. Multiple fruit like fig is derived from a. Single flower with single pistil b. Single flower with many closely clustered pistils c. Separate but many closely clustered flowers d. Many but not closely clustered flowers 860. Ebenaceae is the family name of __________ a. Avocado b. Olive c. Persimmon d. Jaman 861. Soft nose is a disorder of a. Date fruit b. Citrus fruit c. Mango fruit d. Apple fruit 862. Which of the following is a recalcitrant seed a. Mango b. Rice c. Wheat d. Quinoa 863. Colchicine is an important chemical mutagen which prevents the formation of a. Gametes b. Spindle fibres INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES, UAF 60  c. Crossing over d. Nucleolus 864. The fruits which do not usually open to shed seed are known as a. Dehiscent fruit b. Indehiscent fruit c. Fleshy fruit d. Dry fruit 865. Direct effect of pollen grains on the female tissues of the ovary is called__________________? a. Pollination b. Xenia c. Metaxenia d. None of the above 866. Cultivation of grapes is called___________________? a. Orcharding b. Citriculture c. Viticulture d. Pomology 867. How many training systems are there for tree fruit crops? a. Four b. Three c. Two 868. Parthenogenesis is most seen in_______________________? a. Apple b. Orange c. Grapes d. Mango 869. In date palm male spathes enclose how many flowers_______________? a. 30000 b. 9000 c. 20000 d. 10000 870. Degreening of citrus fruit is achieved using_____________________? a. Ethrel b. Ethephon c. Ethylene d. Cytokinin 871. In ripened banana the aroma is due to presence of____________________? a. Ethyl b. Eugenol c. Isopentanol d. Valencene 872. The year in which mango tree does not produce or produce very small number of fruits is called _____? a. On year b. Off year c. Both a & b d. None of the above 873. Mango stock for grafting is raised from ____________________ ? a. Cutting b. Budding c. Stones d. All the above 874. The removal of fruits at initial stages is called as ______ a. Pinching b. Pruning c. Thinning d. None 875. Severe pruning is recommended in _____________ a. Guava b. Citrus c. Phalsa d. Fig 876. Haita is the seeded variety of ___________ a. Persimmon b. Date palm c. Fig d. Grapes 877. Cordon system of training is practiced in ___________ a. Grapes b. Persimmon c. Date palm d. Fig INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES, UAF 61 878. Unfruitfulness is the physiological disorder in _________. a. Guava b. Apple c. Citrus d. Phalsa 879. Alternate bearing in Mango is due to improper __________ ratio. a. C:N b. Ca:Mg c. Ca:N d. None 880. Example of adventitious embryony is a. Mango b. Phalsa c. Loquat d. None 881. In triangular system, _____ more plants can be accommodated, as compared to rectangular system. a. 40-50 % b. 50-60 % c. 60-70 % d. 80-90 % 882. Golden Yellow is an important variety of a. Pear b. Peach c. Apricot d. Loquat 883. No systematic pruning is needed in a. Citrus b. Banana c. Date palm d. All of these 884. Which of the following is not a method for sterilizing plant growing medium? a. Steaming b. Baking c. Using chemical fumigants d. Keeping the growing medium moist for 6 to 7 days 885. A technique to produce well branched, compact plants with many flowers is a. Stunting b. Compacting c. Pinching d. Potting 886. Which one of these is used for waterproofing while establishing roof garden? a. PVP sheets (Polyvinylpyrrolidone), b. Roofing asphalt, c. Silicon APP d. All of these 887. This layer is used to separate drainage layer and plants growing in soil. a. Root Barrier b. Insulation layer c. Drainage layer d. Geotextile fabric 888. What are the microclimate characteristics of roof garden? a. Direct Sun b. High Wind Velocity c. Heavy Intermittent Rains in Monsoons d. All of these 889. Which of these plants is suitable for roof gardening? a. Dracaena b. Cycas Palm c. Fox Tail Palm d. Italian Palm 890. Which of these plants is not suitable for roof gardening? a. Tecoma b. Bougainvillea c. Fox Tail Palm d. Italian Palm 891. The objective of pruning in ornamentals is______________. a. To renovate old plants which have very poor quality of flowers and weak foliage. b. To maintain a desired size or form of the plants c. To maintain the high quality of flowers and fruits. d. All of these 892. Which one of these required severe pruning for the new of foliage? a. Punica granatum b. Terminalia arjuna INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES, UAF 62  c. Prunus persica d. Hetrophragma 893. Which one of these plants required light pruning? a. Rosa hybrida b. Buddlea hybrida c. Lagerstroemia indica d. Lagerstroemia purpurea 894. The best fertilizer application period to the landscape plants is a. Summer b. Late Spring c. Early Spring d. Autumn 895. In ornamental landscape plants mostly the ________diseases are prevalent. a. Viral b. Bacterial c. Fungal d. Nematode 896. In ornamental plants, very few species are attacked by ____________diseases. a. Viral b. Bacterial c. Fungal d. Nematode 897. Mechanization in landscape results in a. Increase productivity b. Reduce Manpower c. Better Quality of Workmanship d. All of these 898. The challenges faced by mechanization a. Affordability b. Availability c. Maintenance and repair services d. All of these 899. Using ride on lawn mower, 1 acre of lawn can be mowed in __________ time. a. 1-2 hours b. 2-3 hours c. 3-4 hours d. 4-5 hours 900. Using manual lawn mower, 1 acre of lawn can be mowed in _____________ time. a. 1-2hours b. 3-6 hours c. 5-6 hours d. 7-8 hours 901. Chainsaw is used for a. Grass mowing b. Bush trimming c. Tree branches cutting d. Topiary shaping 902. Which of these characteristics is true for Conocarpus? a. Damage to infrastructure b. Ecological imbalance c. Monocropping d. All of these 903. Which one these is not contained water features? a. Pond b. Aquarium c. Waterfall d. Swimming pools in landscape 908. Which one these is moving water features? a. Pond b. Fountain c. Aquarium d. Swimming pool 909. Which one of these is Submerged aquatic plant? a. Cattails b. Water lily c. Iris d. Pickerelweed 910. Which of these is not urban factor as “above ground site characteristics” as site evaluation? a. Overhead wires b. Street and security lights c. Slope d. Signs INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES, UAF 63 911. Which of these is not environmental factor as “above ground site characteristics” as site evaluation? a. Vandalism b. Light exposure c. Slope exposure d. Wind 912. While urban planting it is more desirable to plant ________ trees near low signs. a. Tall b. Small c. Deciduous d. None of these 913. While urban planting it is more desirable to plant ________ trees near tall signs. a. Tall b. Small c. Deciduous d. None of these 914. Small trees and trees with a narrow canopy can be planted within __________of a building. a. 4 feet b. 6 feet c. 8 feet d. 10 feet 915. Which one of these is true for sandy soil? a. Poor drainage b. Wet-tolerant species c. Drains quickly and leaches nutrients d. All of these 916. Which one of these is not true for sandy soil? a. Poor drainage b. Drought tolerant species c. Drains quickly and leaches nutrients d. Native species adapted to low nutrient levels 917. Which one of these characteristics is often preferred when choosing trees for the garden at home? a. Growth Rate b. Canopy Size c. Ornamental trait d. Form 918. Which one these is not a desirable tree attribute in urban areas? a. Function b. Mature size c. Invasive d. Form 919. The functional attributes of urban plants a. Shade b. Erosion control c. Wildlife support d. All of these 920. Which of these palms species has triangle stem? a. Ravenala madagascariensis b. Dypsis decaryi c. Archontophoenix alexandrae d. Ravenea rivularis 921. Clitoria ternatea bears ______ color flowers. a. Blue b. Purple c. White d. All of these 922. The botanical name of Alexandera Palm is_______. a. Ravenala madagascariensis b. Dypsis decaryi c. Archontophoenix alexandrae d. Ravenea rivularis 923. It produces flowers that develop into edible fruit that is said to taste like a fruit salad. a. Clitoria ternatea b. Monstera deliciosa c. Ravenea rivularis d. Dypsis decaryi 924. This plant bears trumpet shape flower. a. Zephyranthes citrina b. Tabebuia aurea c. Clitoria ternatea d. Toona ciliate INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES, UAF 64 925. This plant produces fruit that has high medicinal value. a. Aegle marmelos b. Toona ciliate c. Plumbago indica d. Lantana camara 926. This plant bears gorgeous, three-to-five-inch flowers that come in shades of lavender or purple, white, pink and red. a. Lantana camara b. Passiflora incarnata c. Clitoria ternatea d. Toona ciliate 927. This is a spectacular medium size fast growing tree with a fine spreading crown having pink and white flowers. a. Cassia glauca b. Cassia fistula c. Cassia nodusa d. Toona ciliate 928. This vine/shrub is best known for its long-lasting fragrance. a. Cassia nodusa b. Passiflora incarnata c. Artabotrys hexapetalus d. Brachychiton populneus 929. This is a medium-sized deciduous tree and known as ‘flame of the forest’. a. Brachychiton populneus b. Erythrina blakei c. Millettia pinnata d. Butea monosperma 930. This plant is excellent for topiary formation in landscape. a. Passiflora b. Buxus c. Morning glory d. Artabotrys 931. The common name for dieffenbachia is a. Umbrella tree b. Bougainvillea c. Snake plant d. Dumb cane 932. Use of a pipe covered by a rope for providing support to some indoor plants like Scindapsus, is termed as a. Terrarium b. Totem c. Topiary d. None of the above 933. Exotic species, often referred to as _______. a. Alien, b. Non-native c. Introduced species d. All of these 934. In which type of lakes, the water is usually very clear? a. Oligotrophic lakes b. Mesotrophic Lakes c. Eutrophic lakes d. All of these 935. Intentional introductions have also been undertaken with the aim of ameliorating environmental problem like_______. a. Drought tolerance b. Waterlogging tolerance c. Sand dunes stabilization d. All of these 936. Which one of these is an invasive species _____? a. Parthenium b. Paper mulberry c. Conocarpus d. All of these 937. Turfgrass is an essential component of urban landscaped ecosystems mainly employed for _________. a. Functional b. Recreational c. Aesthetic d. All of these 938. Which of these provides habitat for most species? a. Lawn grasses b. Group exotic plants c. Group native plant species d. Invasive species INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES, UAF 65 939. Freshwater NPP is often limited by P a. N b. P c. K d. Fe 940. Major sources of nutrient pollution a. sewage discharges b. chemical fertilizer, c. livestock waste d. All of these 941. Which one of these is not a natural process? a. Energy flow and nutrient cycles b. Sediment transport and soil formation c. Human settlements d. Succession 942. Which of these acts as a strong control on biogeographic patterns? a. Topography b. Climate c. Plant/animal interactions d. Herbivory 943. The main concept in landscape ecology is __________. a. Scale b. Ecotype c. Patch d. Pattern 944. Which of the following is a secondary pollutant? a. NO b. SO2 c. CO d. SO3 945. In urban areas, domestic sector contributes ________percent in urban air pollution. a. 60% b. 50% c. 18% d. 8% 946. Which of these pollutants is not VoC's? a. Toluene b. Dioxins c. Benzene d. Xylene 947. Which of these is not a persistent organic pollutant? a. PCBs b. Furans c. PAH d. Dioxins 948. Which one of these is true for POPs? a. Lipophilic b. Semi volatile c. Toxic d. All of these 949. The low-productivity ecosystem can accumulate a _________ standing crop biomass over a long period of time. a. Low b. Very Low c. High d. None of these 950. The productivity of terrestrial ecosystems is most influenced by _______________. a. Temperature b. Precipitation c. Temperature and precipitation d. Wind 951. In ecosystem patterns of energy allocation change with __________. a. Age and size of the individual b. Species c. Availability of water and nutrients d. All of these 952. Lightness and darkness of any color is referring to a. Coolness b. Warmness c. Proportion d. Value INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES, UAF 66 953. Early inspiration of placing plants indoors was taken from a. Germans b. Chinese c. Egyptian d. Atlantica 954. Place from which a focal plant viewed is known as a. Outlier b. Focal point c. Vantage point d. None of these 955. Tints or hues having a schematic harmonious visual impact are known as a. Intense colors b. cool colors c. monochrome d. value of color 956. Which one of the following is an example of contrasting colors? a. purple/yellow b. orange/red c. yellow/green d. blue/grey 957. “People are Part of Nature” is pre-basic form of a. Indoor designs b. Formal designs c. Naturalistic designs d. All of these 958. An idea of minimizing any additional detail to design composition is called as a. Simplicity b. Unity c. Harmony d. Balance 959. Soil particles of marshy areas are a. Negatively charged b. Positively charged c. Ambi-ions d. Neutral 960. Which of the following have minimum porosity? a. Pumice b. Sand c. Clay d. Vermiculite 961. Head in fire, foot in water is a proverb for a. Olive b. Coconut c. Date palm d. None 962. Spongy tissue development in mango is due to a. Fungal disease b. Viral disease c. Bacterial disease d. Physiological disorder 963. Zinc deficiency is sweet orange causes a. Chlorosis in fruit b. Chlorosis in leaves c. Streaks on leaves d. Sweetness of fruit 964. Guava is grown on a large scale in a. Gujranwala b. Multan c. Sheikhupura d. Bahawalpur 965. Sweet orange has a _______________ compared with mandarins. a. Loose skin b. Tight skin c. Normal Skin d. None of these 966. Different mango varieties can be mainly distinguished based on a. New leaf color b. Panicle length c. Number of male flowers d. All of above INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES, UAF 67 967. Abscission in fruit occur due to a. Excessive abscisic acid b. Excessive Glutamic acid c. Excessive Malic acid d. Excessive Citric acid 968. Grapefruit have originated from. a. China b. Barbados c. Peru d. Cuba 969. Guava takes _____ days from emergence of floral buds to full bloom. a. 10-15 b. 15-20 c. 20-25 d. 25-35 970. Sweet orange requires a. Dry and semi-arid conditions b. Dry and sub-humid conditions c. Wet and sub humid conditions d. None of these 971. Papaya is still being commercially propagated from a. Cutting b. Suckers c. Seeds d. Grafting 972. Lemons are usually degreened at a. 6 °C b. 16 °C c. 26 °C d. 30 °C 973. Most serious insect/pest of apple is a. Codling moth b. Fruit fly c. All above d. None of above 974. Precocity in fruit means____________. a. Late bearing b. Early bearing c. Early blooming d. Both b & c 975. Which type of inflorescence is present in Guava? a. Racemose b. Cymose c. None d. All of the above 976. Grapefruit is harvested at which stage of maturity? a. Green stage b. Colour break stage c. Yellow stage d. None of the above 977. Yellow wasp is a major pest of a. Grapefruit b. Peach c. Citrus d. Mango 978. Citrumelo is the cross between __________. a. Poncirus x grapefruit b. Citrus x Fortunella c. Poncirus x Fortunella d. Poncirus x sweet orange 979. Brazilian guava is also known as___________ a. Psidium cattleianum b. Psidium araca c. Psidium guineense d. Psidium guajava 980. ____________ is the major characteristic of genus Psidium? a. Tuft of pistils b. Tuft of stamens c. Complete flower d. Tuft of ovary INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES, UAF 68 981. Chiku is also known as_____________ a. Sapodilla b. Sapota c. Zapota d. All of these 982. American grapes are also known as: a. Vitis labrusca b. Vitis rotundifolia c. Vitis vinifera d. None of the above 983. One year old shoot of grapes is known as: a. Vines b. Spurs c. Twigs d. Canes 984. Apple and pear form their flowers buds in ____________. a. May-June b. July-August c. September-October d. November-December 985. Internal browning in apples takes place due to a. Fungus b. Low temperature in storage c. Hailstorm d. Bacteria 986. Mango trees bear which type of flowers? a. Staminate b. Hermaphrodite c. Pistilate d. Both of a & b 987. Who is the breeder of famous citrus cultivar Kinnow mandarin? a. H.B. Frost b. R.K. Soost c. J.W. Grosser d. F.G. Gmitter 988. The petals in a flower are collectively called___________. a. Calyx b. Anther c. Corolla d. Perianth 989. Low-cost greenhouse tunnels are suitable for? a. Pumpkins b. Tomato c. Cabbage d. Cucumber 990. Mulches are mainly used to reduce a. Transpiration b. Evaporation c. Evapotranspiration d. All above 991. Which one of the following is a fruit__________________? a. Cauliflower b. Brinjal c. Potato d. Ginger 992. Ginger and turmeric are propagated by___________? a. Rhizome b. Tuber c. Corns d. All the above 993. Off season summer vegetables can be grown in ____________ region. a. Lower Sindh b. Upper Sindh c. Southern Punjab d. Northern Punjab 994. Fruit cracking in tomato fruit is due to a. High nitrogen level b. Temperature fluctuations c. Soil moisture fluctuations d. All of these 995. Celery and lettuce at high temperature become INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES, UAF 69  a. Photodormant b. Thermodormant c. Ecodormant d. Non dormant 996. What type of mulches effectively reduce soil temperature? a. Organic mulch b. Gray polythene c. Black polythene d. Transparent polythene 997. Cucumber cultivars recommended under tunnel production system are: a. Monoecious b. Gynoecious c. Andromonoecious d. Gynomonoecious 998. Ginger is commonly cultivated as: a. Annual b. Biennial c. Perennial d. None 999. Potato is generally propagated through a. Seed potato b. Potato seed c. True Potato Seed d. All above 1000. Seed production in biennial vegetables is mostly done by: a. Seed to seed method b. In situ method c. Replanting method d. All above INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES, UAF 70