History-of-Nursing-in-the-Philippines-Lecture-Notes.pdf

CENTRAL PHILIPPINE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF NURSING The First Nursing School in the Philippines, 1906 Iloilo City, Philippines 5000...

CENTRAL PHILIPPINE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF NURSING The First Nursing School in the Philippines, 1906 Iloilo City, Philippines 5000 Tel. No. (63-33) 3291971 to 79 Local 1037 / 2133 Website: http://www.cpu.edu.ph | Email: [email protected] Lecture Notes on NCM 1001 (Theoretical Foundations in Nursing) HISTORY OF NURSING IN THE PHILIPPINES Early beliefs and practices → diseases and their causes and treatment were shrouded with mysticism & superstitions Believed that the cause of diseases are: ✓ another person ✓ an enemy or witch ✓ an evil spirit. Believed that an evil spirit could be driven away by persons with power to expel demons. Believed in special gods of healing, with the priest-physician or “word doctors” as intermediary. If the healers used leaves or roots, they were called herb doctors or “herbolarios”. Early Care of the Sick → early Filipinos subscribed to superstitious beliefs and practices in relation to health and sickness Herbmen were called “herbicheros” meaning one who practiced witchcraft. Persons suffering from diseases without any identified cause were believed that they were bewitched by the “mangkukulam” or “mangangaway”. Difficult childbirth and some diseases (called “pamao”) were attributed to “nonos” Midwives who were assisted in childbirth were called “mabuting hilot” If the birth became difficult, it was believed that witches caused the difficulties and to their influence, gunpowder was exploded from a bamboo cane to the head of the sufferer. Health Care During the Spanish Regime Hospital Name Purpose Hospital Real de Manila (1577) cared for Spanish King’s soldiers San Lazaro Hospital (1578) admitted people with leprosy Hospital de Indios (1586) general health services Hospital de Aguas Santas (1590) San Juan de Dios Hospital (1596) general health services Hospitals and School of Nursing Name Description Iloilo Mission Hospital School of ran by the Baptist Foreign Mission Nursing (Iloilo City,1906) Society of America Miss Rose Nicolet – 1st superintendent 1|His tory of Nurs ing in the Philippines – PROF. B ORLADO This document and the information thereon is the property of Central Philippine University (College of Nursing)  First graduate nurses of the Philippines graduated in IMH School of Nursing in 1909: Nicasia Cada, Felipa Gumabong, and Dorotea Caldito Miss Flora Ernst – took charged of the school in1942 1944 – 22 nurses graduated from IMH St. Paul’s Hospital School of Nursing established by the Archbishop of Manila, (Manila,1907) Jeremiah Harty under the supervision of the Sisters of St. Paul de Chartres located in Intramuros provided general hospital services opened its training school for nurses in 1908, with Mother Melanie as superintendent and Miss Chambers as Principal Philippine General Hospital School began in 1901 as a small dispensary for of Nursing (1907) Civil officers and Employees in the City of Manila later grew as a Civil Hospital In 1910, the Act No. 1976 modified the organization of the school placing it under the supervision of the Department of Health. St. Luke’s Hospital School of an Episcopalian Institution Nursing (Quezon City,1907) began as a small dispensary in 1903 1907, the school opened with three girls admitted Miss Helen Hicks was the first principal Mrs. Vitaliana Beltran was the first Filipino superintendent of nurses Dr. Jose Fores was the first medical director of the hospital Mary Johnston Hospital and School started as a small dispensary on Calle of Nursing (1907) Cervantes (now Avenida) was called the Bethany Dispensary and funded by the Methodist Mission for the relief of suffering among women and children 1907, Sister Rebecca Parrish together with registered nurses Rose Dudley and Gertude Dreisbach, organized the Mary Johnston School of Nursing Other hospitals and schools of nursing St. Paul’s School of Nursing,Iloilo City 2|His tory of Nurs ing in the Philippines – PROF. B ORLADO This document and the information thereon is the property of Central Philippine University (College of Nursing) The First Colleges of Nursing in the Philippines 1. University of Santo Tomas College of Nursing (1946) 2. University of the Philippines College of Nursing (1948) 3. Manila Central University College of Nursing (1947) Nursing Leaders in the Philippines Name Description Anastacio Giron-Tupas First Filipino Nurse – Chief Nurse and Superintendent Founder of the Philippine Nurses Association Cesaria Tan First Filipino with Master’s Degree in Nursing Abroad Socoro Sirilan Pioneered in Hospital Social Service in San Lazaro Hospital where she was the Chief Nurse Rosa Militar Pioneer in School Health Education Sor Ricarda Mendoza Pioneer in Nursing Education Socorro Diaz First Editor of PNA Magazine “The Message” Conchita Ruiz first full-time editor of newly named PNA magazine “The Filipino Nurse Loreto Tupaz Dean of Philippine Nursing Florence Nightingale of Iloilo Health and Nursing Organizations Colegio de Santa Isabel (Naga City) ✓ took care of poor girls Gota de Leche (Manila,1907) ✓ milk station ✓ Its objective was to promote health in infants through proper feeding Liga Nacional Filipiniana para la protection de la Primera Infancia ✓ worked for the passage of child welfare legislations. Nursing in the 1900’s Year Description 1903 a committee of three was created to draft a bill for the establishment of schools of Nursing 1906 at Union Mission Hospital (1901) now Iloilo Mission Hospital, four women started training in nursing 1907 19 students were admitted to a preliminary course in nursing at the Philippine Normal School 1910 Article No. 1975 reorganized the school under the Bureau of Health The school continued as one of the activities of the newly opened Philippine General Hospital and became known as the Philippine General Hospital School of Nursing. 1915 Act. No. 2468 authorized the granting of the titles of Graduates in Nursing of PGH School of Nursing 1919 Act. No. 2808 Nurses Law 1920 The first board examination for nurses 1922 The Philippine Health Service together with the PGH opened a post graduate course leading to a certificate in public health nursing 3|His tory of Nurs ing in the Philippines – PROF. B ORLADO This document and the information thereon is the property of Central Philippine University (College of Nursing)  The Filipino Nurses Association was established and now known as Philippine Nurses Association (PNA). 1924 A standard curriculum for schools of nursing was established by the PNA 1940 The first edition of the handbook for Public Health Nurses and Midwives was published by the section of Public Health Nursing Supervision, Bureau of Health and Public Welfare 1947 The IMH School of Nursing was transferred to Central Philippine College 1948 The UP College of Nursing was established 1953 The creation of 81 Rural Health Units Republic Act 877 known as the Nursing Practice Law was approved 1955 The UP College of Nursing offered a Master of Arts in Nursing degree program to prepare BSN holders of demonstrated competence and scholarship for senior positions in nursing and to encourage nursing research 1968 A movement towards accreditation of schools of Nursing in the Philippines was initiated 1973 Master of Arts in Nursing (MAN) was offered in CPU 1978 CPU College of Nursing was accredited 1990 Republic Act 7164, the Nursing Law created a provision that only those who belong to upper 40% of the High School Graduating Class could enroll in Nursing 1998 CHED Memo No. 27, s. 1998 was passed, approving the curriculum for the common 2 – year Associate in Health Science Education (AHSE) as a preparatory for professional health courses in the Philippines 2002 Republic Act 9173, Nursing Act of 2002 deleted the upper 40% requirement to enter College of Nursing. 4|His tory of Nurs ing in the Philippines – PROF. B ORLADO This document and the information thereon is the property of Central Philippine University (College of Nursing)