Hana Al-Enzi Lecture 2 PDF

PRESENT AND PAST; SIMPLE AND PROGRESSIVE This class is aimed at providing detailed information about the simple present, present progressive non-progressive verbs, simple past and past progressive and their uses. Students will be exposed to a diversity of...

PRESENT AND PAST; SIMPLE AND PROGRESSIVE This class is aimed at providing detailed information about the simple present, present progressive non-progressive verbs, simple past and past progressive and their uses. Students will be exposed to a diversity of examples designed to illustrate the difference between these tenses. Note: The content of this class and relevant examples are based on Azar & Hagen (2009)  TOPICS TO BE COVERED 1- The simple present 2- The present progressive 3- Non-progressive verbs 4- The simple past 5- the past progressive 6- Using Progressive Verbs with Always Note: The content of this class and relevant examples are based on Azar & Hagen (2009)  1. THE SIMPLE PRESENT The Simple Present uses: 1) The simple present says that something was true in the past, is true in the present, and will be true in the future. It expresses general statements of fact and general truths. Examples: (a) (Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen.) (b) (The average person breathes 21,600 times a day.) (c) (The world is round. ) Note: The content of this class and relevant examples are based on Azar & Hagen (2009)  1. THE SIMPLE PRESENT 2) The simple present is also used to express habitual or everyday activities. Examples: (a) (I get up at seven every morning.) (b) (I always eat a salad for lunch.) Note: The content of this class and relevant examples are based on Azar & Hagen (2009)  2. THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE The Meaning of the Present Progressive: The present progressive expresses an activity that is in progress at the moment of speaking. It is a temporary activity that began in the past, is continuing at present, and will probably end at some point in the future. Examples: (a) (The students are sitting at their desks right now..) (b) (need an umbrella because it is raining.) (c) (I am taking five courses this semester.) Note: The content of this class and relevant examples are based on Azar & Hagen (2009)  3.NON-PROGRESSIVE VERBS Some verbs, like know, are non-progressive;* i.e., they are rarely used in progressive tenses. They describe states, not actions. (“States” are conditions or situations that exist.) Common verbs that are usually non-progressive (like know) know Like Dislike Belong Consist of Hear Agree believe appreciate fear possess contain sound disagree doubt care about hate own exist seem Mean recognize please mind desire matter look like Promise remember prefer need resemble Amaze suppose want surprise understand wish Note: The content of this class and relevant examples are based on Azar & Hagen (2009)  4.THE SIMPLE PAST 4. The meaning of the Simple Past. (The simple past indicates that an activity or situation began and ended at a particular time in the past.) Examples: (a) (Rita stood under a tree when it began to rain.) (b) (When Mrs. Chu heard a strange noise, she got up to investigate.) (c) (When 1 dropped my cup, the coffee spilled on my lap.) Note: The content of this class and relevant examples are based on Azar & Hagen (2009)  5.THE PAST PROGRESSIVE Examples: (a) (I was walking down the street when it began to rain.) Meaning: (In (a): 1st: I was walking down the street. 2nd: It began to rain.) (b) (While I was walking down the street, it began to rain.) (c) (Rita was standing under a tree when it began to rain.) Meaning: (In b and c both actions occurred at the same time, but one action began earlier and was in progress when the other action occurred.) (d) (While I was studying in one room of our apartment, my roommate was Note: The content of this class and relevant examples are based on Azar & Hagen (2009) having a party in the other room..) Meaning: (In (d): Sometimes the past progressive is used in both parts of a  6. USING PROGRESSIVE VERBS WITH ALWAYS Examples: (a) (Mary always leaves for school at 7:45.) Meaning: (In sentences referring to present time, usually the simple present is used with always to describe habitual or everyday activities, as in (a).) (b) (Mary is always leaving her dirty socks on the floor for me to pick up! Who does she think 1 am? Her maid?.) Meaning: (In special circumstances, a speaker may use the present progressive with always to express annoyance, as in (b).) (c) (1 am always/forever/constantly picking up Mary’s dirty socks!.) Note: The content of this class and relevant examples are based on Azar & Hagen (2009) Meaning: (In addition to always, the words forever and constantly are used with progressive verbs to express annoyance..)