GRST 209 Lecture 21 PDF

GRST 209 Lecture 21 Dr. Monica Di Rosa  Artemis and Apollo, the twins Apollo nd Artemis: twins of Zeus nd Leto Leto + Zeus = twins Artemis nd Apollo Artemis is closely linked to brother Apollo Especi lly youthful Initi tory deities for boys nd girls...

GRST 209 Lecture 21 Dr. Monica Di Rosa  Artemis and Apollo, the twins Apollo nd Artemis: twins of Zeus nd Leto Leto + Zeus = twins Artemis nd Apollo Artemis is closely linked to brother Apollo Especi lly youthful Initi tory deities for boys nd girls Latona (Leto) and Her Children, Apollo and Diana, by William Henry Rinehart, 1870, via the Met Museum a a a a a a  Artemis the Huntress Artemis Roman copy in marble of a Greek bronze of the late fourth century B.C Born on Mt. Cynthus in Delos: thus c lled Cynthi A virgin goddess, but with fertility connections –Artemis, goddess of childbirth –Athen , Hesti , nd Artemis: etern l Olympi n virgins –Artemis’s virginity cre tes connection with nymphs nd the life cycle of young women Artemis nd wild nim ls: Potni Theron nd Agroter Attributes: Bow nd Arrows Goddess of the moon in cl ssic l times –Link to lun r cycle nd menstru tion a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a  Artemis Gentle or a punisher? Act eon: punishing the unch ste Ch r cters who bec me st rs ( etiologic l expl n tion of constell tions) Orion C llisto Protection or punishment? C llisto becomes the constell tion Gre t Be r (Urs M jor) Arc s becomes the Little Be r (Urs Minor) Artemis Lochi Artemis’s “gentle rrows” g inst pregn nt women a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a  Artemis as Mistress of Animals (Potnia Theron) Misandry, Artemis, and the Amazons Mis ndry: h tred of men More immedi te theme in connection with Artemis Artemis’ exclusion of m les in myth Simil r to Am zons –Am zon’s rete (virtues) w s b ttle One of the handles of the François Vase by the po er Ergo mos and the painter Klei as, ca. 575 B.C.; height of vase 30 in. a a a a a a a a a tt a ti ti  Hippolytos: a follower of Artemis The plot Euripides’s pl y Hippolytos (c. 428 BCE) Hippolytus, son of Theseus, devoted to Artemis, spurns Aphrodite Hippolytus’ stepmother Ph edr f lls in love with him Ph edr commits suicide –F lsely incrimin tes Hippolytus Theseus’ curse nd Hippolytus’ de th Artemis promises cult in honor of Hippolytus Reconcili tion between f ther nd son The Death of Hippolytus Lower register of an Apulian volute-krater (a large vase with elaborate handles) by the Darius painter, ca. 340 B.C. a a a a a a a a a a a a a  Themes of the Hippolytus Ch ste Artemis, n tur l enemy of Aphrodite –Rejection of love –Compulsion tow rd purity/ sceticism Hippolytus’ f mous misogynistic tir de Not indic tive of typic l ncient Greek m le –Punishment of Aphrodite –Theseus’ condemn tion Theseus more indic tive of “ ver ge” Atheni n m le Psychologic l du lities nd themes a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a  Ritual: the Brauronia “Pl ying the be r” for Artemis t Br uron Found tion myth Arch eologic l evidence from Br uron –Dormitory nd its inds –Temple to Iphigeni Interpret tion: “T ming” of the girls into society St tue of Be r cub, Museum of the Akropolis Athens https://www.the cropolismuseum.gr/en/st tue-be r-cub a a a a a a a a a a f a a a a a a a  Boys’ Initiations: Artemis Orthia in Sparta Signi ic nce of Orthi title uncle r –Origin myth Young men whipped t Artemis’s lt r –Ste ling cheese? Took pl ce between 16–19 ye rs of ge –Forced initi tes to be tre ted like helots M sks Rem ins of Temple of Artemis Orthi , Sp rt a a a f a a a a a a a a a a a a a a