FastAPI + Slides PDF

Installing Python Is Python 3 Installed? Inside your “terminal” for Mac, or “command prompt” for windows. Type “python3 --version” for Mac or “python --version” for windows ericroby@Erics-MacBook-Pro ~% python3 --version Python 3.11.2 Could be a different version for you, requirement for FastAPI is version 3.7 LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Python Integrated Development Environment WHAT IS AN INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC What is an IDE? IDEs are simply a source code editor. This means an IDE will help and assist in writing software! Many of them have terminals and other useful build automation tools embedded within. IDEs have debugger tools that allow you to dive deep within the code to nd bugs and create solutions LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC fi Why do developers use IDEs? IDEs allow developers to begin work quickly and ef ciently due to all the tools that come out of the box IDEs also parse all code, and helps nd bugs before they are committed by human error The GUIs of IDEs is created with one goal in mind, help developers be ef cient. LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC fi fi fi Python Integrated Development Environment WHAT IS AN INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC What is an IDE? IDEs are simply a source code editor. This means an IDE will help and assist in writing software! Many of them have terminals and other useful build automation tools embedded within. IDEs have debugger tools that allow you to dive deep within the code to nd bugs and create solutions LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC fi Why do developers use IDEs? IDEs allow developers to begin work quickly and ef ciently due to all the tools that come out of the box IDEs also parse all code, and helps nd bugs before they are committed by human error The GUIs of IDEs is created with one goal in mind, help developers be ef cient. LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC fi fi fi Python Virtual Environments Python Virtual Environments A virtual environment is a Python environment that is isolated from those in other Python environments. FastAPI A.I. Internet of Things LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC How to Install Dependencies Pip is the Python package manager. Pip is used to install and update packages. You will want to make sure you have the latest version of pip installed. ericroby@Erics-MacBook-Pro ~% python3 -m pip --version pip 22.3.1 LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Setting Up Virtual Environment I started by creating a brand-new folder / directory called “FastAPI” Within our pip we will be checking what dependencies we already have installed. Python already has an included dependency for virtual environments called venv. Creating a new FastAPI environment as a virtual environment Activating our virtual environment to install our dependencies in LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC How To Get The Most Out Of This Course How To Get The Most Out Of This Course Control the speed of videos to be Watch all the videos your pace Pause videos to take exercises before Take the exercises seeing solutions Advance on your own and search for Search & Practice additional information Ask Questions Ask in Q&A section! LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Course Content Course Content! Introduction Python Refresher Project 2 Database & ORM Classes, Handling Project 1 Authentication JWT errors Get/Post/Put/Delete Project 3 Routing and more! LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Course Content! Unit & Integration Project 3.5 Git / GitHub Setup Testing DB & Data Migration Project 5 Deployment Full Stack Project 4 Development LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC FASTAPI OVERVIEW LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY WHAT IS FASTAPI? FastAPI is a Python web-framework for building modern APIs Fast (Performance) Fast (Development) Key Notes: Few Bugs Quick & Easy Robust Standards LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY WHAT DOES THIS ALL MEAN FOR YOU? FastAPI is a web-framework for building modern RESTful APIs Official documentation https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/ LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY WHERE DOES FASTAPI FIT WITHIN AN APPLICATION ARCHITECTURE? Full RestStack Application API for data Web Page Server Handles all business logic for the application LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY WHO HAS USED FASTAPI? Netflix Uber Microsoft LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY CAN’T I JUST WRITE EVERYTHING MYSELF? FAQ: Why do I need a web framework? You may be able to write everything yourself, but why reinvent the wheel? Web-frameworks allow a simplified way for rapid development. Includes many years of development, which allows you to have a secure and fast application! ☺ LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY Books Project What will we be creating? Creating and enhancing books to learn the basics of FastAPI BOOKS = { {‘title’: ‘Title One’, ‘author’: ‘Author One’, ‘category’: ‘science’}, {‘title’: ‘Title Two’, ‘author’: ‘Author Two’, ‘category’: ‘science’}, {‘title’: ‘Title Three’, ‘author’: ‘Author Three’, ‘category’: ‘history’}, {‘title’: ‘Title Four’, ‘author’: ‘Author Four’, ‘category’: ‘math’}, {‘title’: ‘Title Five’, ‘author’: ‘Author Five’, ‘category’: ‘math’}, CRUD Operations Create Read Update Delete LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Request and Response HTTP Request Methods Web Page Server Response CRUD Operations Create Read Update Delete LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC HTTP Request Methods CRUD HTTP Request Methods Create POST Read GET Update PUT Delete DELETE LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC GET HTTP Request Method Creating a FastAPI application File: books.py from fastapi import FastAPI app = FastAPI() @app.get(“/api-endpoint”) async def first_api(): return {‘message’: ‘Hello Eric!’} Lets dive into the first function LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Dive in API Endpoint: @app.get(“/api-endpoint”) async def first_api(): return {‘message’: ‘Hello Eric!’} Read Get URL : 127.0.0.1:8000/api-endpoint Response: { “message”: “Hello Eric!” } LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Start FastAPI Application API Endpoint: @app.get(“/api-endpoint”) async def first_api(): Read return {‘message’: ‘Hello Eric!’} Get Run FastAPI application: ericroby@Erics-MacBook-Pro ~% uvicorn books:app --reload URL : 127.0.0.1:8000 LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Change Endpoint for Books Read @app.get(“/api-endpoint”) @app.get(“/books”) async async def def read_all_books(): read_all_books(): return return BOOKS BOOKS Get URL :URL 127.0.0.1:8000/api-endpoint : 127.0.0.1:8000/books LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Path Parameters What are Path Parameters Path Parameters are request parameters that have been attached to the URL Path Parameters are usually de ned as a way to nd information based on location Think of a computer le system: You can identify the speci c resources based on the le you are in /Users/codingwithroby/Documents/python/fastapi/section1 LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC fi fi fi fi fi Path Parameters REQUEST: URL : 127.0.0.1:8000/books Read @app.get(“/books”) async def read_all_books(): return BOOKS Get LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Path Parameters REQUEST: URL : 127.0.0.1:8000/books/book_one Read @app.get(“/books /{dynamic_param}”) async def read_all_books(dynamic_param): return {‘dynamic_param’: dynamic_param} Get RESPONSE: { “dynamic_param”: “book_one” } LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Order Matters with Path Parameters REQUEST: URL : 127.0.0.1:8000/books/mybook Read @app.get(“/books/mybook”) @app.get(“/books/{dynamic_param}”) async def read_all_books(): read_all_books(dynamic_param): return {‘book_title’: {‘dynamic_param’: ’Mydynamic_param} Favorite Book’} Get @app.get(“/books/{dynamic_param}”) @app.get(“/books/mybook”) async def read_all_books(dynamic_param): read_all_books(): return {‘dynamic_param’: {‘book_title’: ’Mydynamic_param} Favorite Book’} LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Path Parameters Read REQUEST: URL : 127.0.0.1:8000/books/title%20four = title four Get @app.get(“/books/{book_title}”) async def read_book(book_title: str): for book in BOOKS: if book.get(‘title’).casefold() == book_title.casefold(): RESPONSE: { “title”: “Title Four”, “author”: “Author Four”, “category”: “math” } LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Query Parameters What are Query Parameters Query Parameters are request parameters that have been attached after a “?” Query Parameters have name=value pairs Example: 127.0.0.1:8000/books/?category=math LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Query Parameters REQUEST: URL : 127.0.0.1:8000/books/?category=science @app.get(“/books/”) async def read_category_by_query(category: str): books_to_return = [] for book in BOOKS: if book.get(‘category’).casefold() == category.casefold(): books_to_return.append(book) return books_to_return LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Query Parameters REQUEST: URL : 127.0.0.1:8000/books/author%20four/?category=science @app.get(“/books/{book_author}/”) async def read_category_by_query(book_author: str, category: str): books_to_return = [] for book in BOOKS: if book.get(‘author’).casefold() == book_author.casefold() and book.get(‘category’).casefold() == category.casefold(): books_to_return.append(book) return books_to_return LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC POST HTTP Request Method What is the POST Request Method Used to create data POST can have a body that has additional information that GET does not have Example of Body: {“title”:”Title Seven”, “author”:”Author Two”, “category”: LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC POST Request Method REQUEST: URL : 127.0.0.1:8000/books/create_book Create @app.post(“/books/create_book”) async def create_book(new_book=Body()): BOOKS.append(new_book) Post LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC PUT HTTP Request Method What is the PUT Request Method Used to update data PUT can have a body that has additional information (like POST) that GET does not have Example of Body: {“title”:”Title Six”, “author”:”Author Two”, “category”: LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC PUT Request Method Update REQUEST: Put URL : 127.0.0.1:8000/books/update_book @app.put(“/books/update_book”) async def update_book(updated_book=Body()): for i in range(len(BOOKS)): if BOOKS[i].get(‘title’).casefold() == updated_book.get(‘title’).casefold(): BOOKS[i] = updated_book LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC DELETE HTTP Request Method What is the DELETE Request Method Used to delete data Delete REQUEST: Delete URL : 127.0.0.1:8000/books/delete_book/{book_title} @app.delete(“/books/delete_book/{book_title}”) async def delete_book(book_title: str): for i in range(len(BOOKS)): if BOOKS[i].get(‘title’).casefold() == book_title.casefold(): BOOKS.pop(i) break LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Books 2 Project Project 2 Project two will still be focused on creating Book API Endpoints Continued Education includes: GET, POST, PUT, DELETE Request Methods New Information will include: Data Validation, Exception Handling, Status Codes, Swagger Con guration, Python Request Objects LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC fi Creating a new books project We will create a new class called Book We will be using these books throughout this project: class Book: id: int title: str author: str description: str rating: int def __init__ (self, id, title, author, description, rating): self.id = id self.title = title self.author = author self.description = description self.rating = rating LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC HTTP Request Methods CRUD HTTP Request Methods Create POST Read GET Update PUT Delete DELETE LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Pydantics What is Pydantics Python library that is used for data modeling, data parsing and has ef cient error handling. Pydantics is commonly used as a resource for data validation and how to handle data coming to our FastAPI application. LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC fi We will be implementing Pydantics Create a different request model for data validation Field data validation on each variable / element class BookRequest(BaseModel): id: int title: str = Field(min_length=3) author: str = Field(min_length=1) description: str = Field(min_length=1, max_length=100) rating: int = Field(gt=0, lt=5) LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC BookRequest and Book Conversion We will convert the Pydantics Request into a Book Here is an example within an upcoming Post Request Method @app.post(“/create-book”) async def create_book(book_request: BookRequest): new_book = Book(**book_request.dict()) BOOKS.append(new_book) ** operator will pass the key/value from BookRequest() into the Book() constructor LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Status Codes What are Status Codes? An HTTP Status Code is used to help the Client (the user or system submitting data to the server) to understand what happened on the server side application. Status Codes are international standards on how a Client/Server should handle the result of a request. It allows everyone who sends a request to know if their submission was successful or not. LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Status Codes: 1xx Information Response: Request Processing. 2xx Success: Request Successfully complete 3xx Redirection: Further action must be complete 4xx Client Errors: An error was caused by the client. 5xx Server Errors: An error occurred on the server. LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC 2xx Successful Status Codes: Standard Response for a Successful Request. Commonly 200: OK used for successful Get requests when data is being returned. 201: The request has been successful, creating a new resource. Used when a POST creates an entity. 204: No The request has been successful, did not create an entity nor return anything. Commonly used with PUT requests. LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC 4xx Client Errors Status Codes: 400: Bad Cannot process request due to client error. Commonly used for invalid request methods. Client does not have valid authentication for target 401: Unauthorized resource 404: Not The clients requested resource can not be found 422: Unprocessable Semantic Errors in Client Request Entity LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC 5xx Server Status Codes: Generic Error Message, when an unexpected issue on the 500: Internal Server server happened. Error LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Project 3 Project 3 Project three we will be switching our focus to TODOS instead of BOOKS New Information will include: Full SQL Database Authentication Continued learning from Authorization other projects Hashing Passwords LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Creating a Todo Table We will create new Todo Table Models for our application We will be using these Todos to save records throughout this project Authorization & Authentication Retrieving the user and saving Todos Database Web Page Server LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC SQL Database Introduction What is a database? Organized collection of structured information of data, which is stored in a computer system. The data can be easily accessed The data can be modi ed What is Data? The data can be controlled and organized Many databases use a structured query language (SQL) to modify and write data LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC fi What is a database? Data can be related to just about any object. For example, a user on an application may have: Name Age Email All of this is Data Password LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC What is a database? A database is a collection of data Since data, on its own, is just data. A database allows management of this data Databases are organized in how data can be retrieved, stored and modi ed There are many types of Database Management Systems (DBMS) LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC fi What is a SQL? Pronounced either as S-Q-L or “See Quel” Standard language for dealing with relational databases SQL can be used to do different things with database records: Create Read Update Delete LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC What is Alembic? What is Alembic? Lightweight database migration tool for when using SQLAlchemy Migration tools allow us to plan, transfer and upgrade resources within databases Alembic allows you to change a SQLAlchemy database table after it has been created Currently SQLAlchemy will only create new database tables for us, not enhance any. LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC How does Alembic work? Alembic provides the creation and invocation of change management scripts This allows you to be able to create migration environments and be able to change data how you like In this section we will learn how we can use Alembic for our project LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC How does Alembic work? We already have some data within our database Let’s take a look at our current users table Create a new column on our data that already exists ID email first_name …… phone_number 1 codingwithroby@e Eric (1) 111-111-1111 mail.com LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC How does Alembic work? Alembic is a powerful migration tool that allows us to modify our database schemes As our application evolves, our database will need to evolve as well Alembic helps us be able to keep modifying our database to keep up with rapid development requirements It works on tables that already have data. This allows us to be able to continually create additional content that works within our application! LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Alembic? What is Alembic? Lightweight database migration tool for when using SQLAlchemy We need to install Alembic into our project ericroby@FastAPI-Project ~% pip install alembic LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC What is Alembic? Alembic Command Details alembic init Initializes a new, generic environment LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC What is Alembic? Alembic Command Details alembic init Initializes a new, generic environment Creates a new revision of the alembic revision -m environment LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC What is Alembic? Alembic Command Details alembic init Initializes a new, generic environment Creates a new revision of the alembic revision -m environment Run our upgrade migration to our alembic upgrade database LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC What is Alembic? Alembic Command Details alembic init Initializes a new, generic environment Creates a new revision of the alembic revision -m environment Run our upgrade migration to our alembic upgrade database Run our downgrade migration to our alembic downgrade -1 database LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC How does Alembic work? After we initialize our project with alembic, two new items will appear in our directory alembic.ini alembic directory These are created automatically by alembic so we can upgrade, downgrade and keep data integrity of our application LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Alembic.ini file File that alembic looks for when invoked Contains a bunch of con guration information for Alembic that we are able to change to match our project LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC fi Alembic Directory Has all environmental properties for alembic Holds all revisions of your application Where you can call the migrations for upgrading Where you can call the migrations for downgrading LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Alembic Revisions Alembic Revision? Alembic revision is how we create a new alembic le where we can add some type of database upgrade When we run: ericroby@FastAPI-Project ~% alembic revision -m “create phone number col on users table” Creates a new le where we can write the upgrade code Each new revision will have a Revision Id LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC fi fi Alembic Upgrade? Alembic upgrade is how we actually run the migration def upgrade() -> None: op.add_column(‘users’, sa.Column(‘phone_number’, sa.String(), nullable=True)) Enhances our database to now have a new column within our users tables called ‘phone_number’ Previous data within database does not change LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Alembic Upgrade? To run the the upgrade migration: ericroby@FastAPI-Project ~% alembic upgrade This will successfully implement the change within the upgrade functionality LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Alembic Downgrade? Alembic downgrade is how we revert a migration def downgrade() -> None: op.drop_column(‘users’, ‘phone_number’) Reverts our database to remove the last migration change. Previous data within database does not change unless it was on the column ‘phone_number’ because we deleted it. LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Alembic Downgrade? To run the the downgrade migration: ericroby@FastAPI-Project ~% alembic downgrade -1 Will revert the last migration LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC FastAPI Testing What is Testing It is a way for us to make sure our application is working as intended. Part of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC) that aims to identify: Bugs Errors Defects Meets user requirements and speci cations. Ensuring Software is high quality, reliable, secure and user friendly. LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC fi What is Testing Manual Testing Unit Testing Integration Testing LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Unit Testing Involves testing individual components or units of software in isolation from the rest of the application. Validates that each unit of the software performs as designed. Unit = Testable part of the application. Developers write unit tests during the development phase. Tests are automated and executed by a testing framework (Pytest). Bene t is to identify bugs early in the development process. LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC fi Integration Testing Focuses on testing the interactions between different units or components of the piece of software. The scope is broader than unit testing, as we are testing multiple units together. Helps identify problems for the entire solution. Example: Call an API endpoint and make sure the correct solution is returned. LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Pytest Popular testing framework for Python Known for simplicity, scalability and ability to handle both unit and integration tests. Top reasons to use Pytest: Simple & Flexible - Native Assertions Fixtures - Feature setup and teardown Parameterized Testing - Run same tests with different data LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC What is Testing Both Manual Testing Unit Testing Integration Testing LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Getting Started With Testing First Step Create a new directory on our project call ‘test’. Inside our test directory create a new le called: __init__.py Inside our test directory create a new le called: test_example.py LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC fi fi test_example.py Pytest will run all tests automatically that sit within les that have the name ‘test’ in them. For our demo, all tests will be in test_example.py so Pytest can nd them easily. When we write tests for our application, we will create new tests from a new le that matches naming convention of project. Example: todos.py will be tested by test_todos.py LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC fi fi fi Create our first Unit Test Write our rst assertion test. Assertion = Statement that checks if a condition is true. If condition is true = test passes. If condition is false = test fails. test_example.py: Terminal: def test_equal_or_not_equal(): assert 3 == 3 Test/test_example.py ============ 1 passed ============ Terminal: ericroby@FastAPI-Project ~% pytest LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC fi Create our first Unit Test def test_equal_or_not_equal(): Pass assert 3 == 3 def test_equal_or_not_equal(): Fail assert 3 == 2 def test_equal_or_not_equal(): assert 3 != 1 Pass def test_equal_or_not_equal(): assert 3 != 3 Fail LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Pytest Basics Pytest Basics Validate Integers def test_equal_or_not_equal(): Pass assert 3 == 3 Validate Instances def test_is_instance(): assert isInstance(‘this is a string’, str) Pass assert not isInstance(‘10’, int) LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Pytest Basics Validate Booleans def test_boolean(): validated = True Pass assert validated is True assert (‘hello’ == ‘world’) is False Validate Types def test_type(): assert type(‘Hello’ is str) Pass assert type(‘World’ is not int) LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Pytest Basics Validate Greater Than & Less Than def test_greater_and_less_than(): assert 7 > 3 Pass assert 4 < 10 Validate Types def test_list(): num_list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] any_list = [False, False] assert 1 in num_list Pass assert 7 not in num_list assert all(num_list) assert not any(any_list) LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Pytest Objects Pytest Objects Create our Python Object import pytest class Student: def __init__(self, first_name: str, last_name: str, major: str, years: int): self.first_name = first_name self.last_name = last_name def test_person_initialization(): p = Student(‘John’, ‘Doe’, ‘Computer Science’, 3) assert p.first_name == ‘John’, ‘First name should be John’ assert p.last_name == ‘Doe’, ‘Last name should be Doe’ assert p.major == ‘Computer Science’ assert p.years == 3 LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Pytest Objects Create our Python Object @pytest.fixture def default_employee(): return Student(‘John’, ‘Doe’, ‘Computer Science’, 3) def test_person_initialization(): test_person_initialization(default_employee): p = Student(‘John’, assert default_employee.first_name ‘Doe’, ‘Computer==Science’, ‘John’, ‘First 3) name should be John’ assert default_employee.last_name p.first_name == ‘John’, ‘First == ‘Doe’, name should ‘Last name be John’ should be Doe’ assert default_employee.major p.last_name == ‘Doe’, ‘Last == ‘Computer name should Science’ be Doe’ assert default_employee.years p.major == ‘Computer Science’ == 3 LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Setup Test Dependencies & DB Test Database Create a fake database that can store data. Create testing dependencies that are separate from our production dependencies. This way we can do integration testing to make sure our entire project is working correctly when we run our tests. App is live = production dependencies Separate shared dependencies in a different App is testing = testing dependencies le later on. LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC fi Testing dependencies Create a new le called: test_todos.py todos.py Create new database engine for our testing environment from sqlalchemy import create_engine SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URL = “sqlite:///./testdb.db” LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC fi Testing dependencies Add the new engine: from sqlalchemy import create_engine from sqlalchemy.pool import StaticPool SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URL = “sqlite:///./testdb.db” engine = create_engine( SQLALCEMY_DATABASE_URL, connect_args={“check_same_thread”: False}, Poolclass = StaticPool, ) LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Testing dependencies Add TestingSessionLocal and Base from sqlalchemy import create_engine from sqlalchemy.pool import StaticPool from..database import Base SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URL = “sqlite:///./testdb.db” engine = create_engine( SQLALCEMY_DATABASE_URL, connect_args={“check_same_thread”: False}, Poolclass = StaticPool, ) TestingSessionLocal = sessionmaker(autocommit=False, autoflush=False, bind=engine) Base.metadata.create_all() = bind=engine LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Testing dependencies Setup get_testing_db dependency def override_get_db(): db = TestingSessionLocal() try: yield db finally: db.close() app.dependency_overrides[get_db] = override_get_db LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Testing dependencies Mock our current logged in user for testing. def override_get_db(): db = TestingSessionLocal() try: yield db finally: db.close() def override_get_current_user(): return {‘username’: ‘codingwithroby’, ‘id’: 1, ‘user_role’: ‘admin’} app.dependency_overrides[get_db] = override_get_db app.dependency_overrides[get_current_user] = override_get_current_user LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC FastAPI Normal: app = FastAPI() Wrap it in testing client: client = TestClient(app) LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC JSON WEB TOKEN (JWT) OVERVIEW FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © WHAT IS A JSON WEB TOKEN? JSON Web Token is a self-contained way to securely transmit data and information between two parties using a JSON Object. JSON Web Tokens can be trusted because each JWT can be digitally signed, which in return allows the server to know if the JWT has been changed at all JWT should be used when dealing with authorization JWT is a great way for information to be exchanged between the server and client FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © JSON WEB TOKEN STRUCTURE A JSON Web Token is created of three separate parts separated by dots (. ) which include: Header : (a) Payload : (b) Signature : (c) FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © JWT HEADER A JWT header usually consist of two parts: (alg) The algorithm for signing “typ” The specific type of token The JWT header is then encoded using Base64 to create the first part of the JWT (a) FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © JWT PAYLOAD A JWT Payload consists of the data. The Payloads data contains claims, and there are three different types of claims. Registered Public Private The JWT Payload is then encoded using Base64 to create the second part of the JWT (b) FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © JWT SIGNATURE A JWT Signature is created by using the algorithm in the header to hash out the encoded header, encoded payload with a secret. The secret can be anything, but is saved somewhere on the server that the client does not have access to The signature is the third and final part of a JWT (c) FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © JWT EXAMPLE JWT Header JWT Payload JWT Signature JSON Web Token FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © https://jwt.io FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © https://jwt.io FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © JWT PRACTICAL USE CASE 78… t h 5 y e7a App 1 e7a yth 578 … App 2 FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © PRODUCTION DATABASE INTRODUCTION FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © PRODUCTION DATABASE This section will go over installing a production relational database for your application! Before jumping in, lets take The two DBMS applications we will be going over is about MySQL the difference between and PostgreSQL. Both DBMS systems are used widely through out SQLite enterprise andandproduction applications, you cannot go wrongDBMS with either one FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © PRODUCTION DBMS VS SQLITE3 SQLite3 strives to provide local data storage for individual applications and devices. SQLite3 emphasizes economy, efficiency and simplicity. For most small / medium applications, SQLite3 will works perfectly. SQLite3 focuses on different concepts than a production Database Management System. FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © PRODUCTION DBMS VS SQLITE3 MySQL & PostgreSQL focuses on a big difference compared to SQLite3. These production DBMS focuses on scalability, concurrency and control. If you application is going to have 10s of thousands of users, it may be wise to switch to a production DBMS If you application is only you, and a few others, SQLite3 will work great! FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © PRODUCTION DBMS KEY NOTES: SQLite3 runs in-memory, which allows development of a SQLite3 data to be easy, as it is part of your application! Production DBMS run on their own server and port. Which means you need to make sure the database is running, and have authentication linking to the DBMS (SQLite3) For deployment you can deploy a SQLite3 database along with the application (Prod DBMS) For deployment you will need to also deploy the database separate from the application FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © OVERVIEW OF SECTION (FOR BOTH MYSQL & POSTGRESQL) We will install the production DBMS Setup the tables and data within the production DBMS Connect the production DBMS to our application Push data from application to our production DBMS! FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © BASIC SQL QUERIES FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © INSERTING DATABASE TABLE (TODOS) Id (PK) title description priority complete owner (FK) FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © DELET THIS IS THE USERS TABLE Id (PK) email username first_name last_name hashed_passwor is_active d FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © DELET THIS IS THE USERS TABLE Id (PK) email username first_name last_name hashed_passwor is_active d 1 codingwithroby codingwithroby Eric Roby 123abcEqw!.. 1 @gmail.com 2 exampleuser12 exampleuser Example User Gjjjd!2!.. 1 @example.com FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © INSERTING DATABASE TABLE (TODOS) INSERT INTO todos (title, description, priority, complete) VALUES (‘Go to store’, ‘To pick up eggs’ 4, False); Id (PK) title description priority complete 1 Go to store To pick up eggs 4 0 FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © INSERTING DATABASE TABLE (TODOS) INSERT INTO todos (title, description, priority, complete) VALUES (‘Haircut’, ‘Need to get length 1mm’ 3, False); Id (PK) title description priority complete 1 Go to store To pick up eggs 4 0 2 Haircut Need to get length 3 0 1mm FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © STARTING DATABASE TABLE (TODOS) Id (PK) title description priority complete 1 Go to store To pick up eggs 4 0 2 Haircut Need to get length 3 0 1mm FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © STARTING DATABASE TABLE (TODOS) Id (PK) title description priority complete 1 Go to store To pick up eggs 4 0 2 Haircut Need to get length 3 0 1mm 3 Feed dog Make sure to use 5 0 new food brand FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © STARTING DATABASE TABLE (TODOS) Id (PK) title description priority complete 1 Go to store To pick up eggs 4 0 2 Haircut Need to get length 3 0 1mm 3 Feed dog Make sure to use 5 0 new food brand 4 Water plant Inside and Outside 4 0 plants FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © STARTING DATABASE TABLE (TODOS) Id (PK) title description priority complete 1 Go to store To pick up eggs 4 0 2 Haircut Need to get length 3 0 1mm 3 Feed dog Make sure to use 5 0 new food brand 4 Water plant Inside and Outside 4 0 plants 5 Learn something new Learn to program 5 0 FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © STARTING DATABASE TABLE (TODOS) Id (PK) title description priority complete 1 Go to store To pick up eggs 4 0 2 Haircut Need to get length 3 0 1mm 3 Feed dog Make sure to use 5 0 new food brand 4 Water plant Inside and Outside 4 0 plants 5 Learn something new Learn to program 5 0 6 Shower You have not 5 0 showered in days FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © DELETE Id (PK) title description priority complete owner 3 Feed dog Make sure to use 5 0 2 new food brand 4 Water plant Inside and 4 0 2 Outside plants 6 Shower You have not 5 0 2 showered in days FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © SELECT SQL QUERIES SELECT * FROM todos; Select ALL columns and rows FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © SELECT SQL QUERIES SELECT title FROM todos; Select just title from columns FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © SELECT SQL QUERIES SELECT description FROM todos; Select just description from columns FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © SELECT SQL QUERIES SELECT title, description FROM todos; Select title, description from columns FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © SELECT SQL QUERIES SELECT title, description, priority FROM todos; Select title, description and priority from columns FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © WHERE SQL QUERIES WHERE Clause FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © WHERE SQL QUERIES SELECT * FROM todos WHERE priority=5; Select ALL rows & columns WHERE priority = 5 FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © WHERE SQL QUERIES SELECT * FROM todos WHERE title=‘Feed dog’; Select ALL rows & columns WHERE title= Feed dog FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © WHERE SQL QUERIES SELECT * FROM todos WHERE id=2; Select ALL rows & columns WHERE id= 2 FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © UPDATE SQL QUERIES UPDATE Clause FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © WHERE SQL QUERIES UPDATE todos SET complete=True WHERE title=‘Learn something new’; Update ALL rows & columns to now have complete = True WHERE id = 5 1 == True FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © WHERE SQL QUERIES UPDATE todos SET complete=True WHERE id=5; Update ALL rows & columns to now have complete = True WHERE id = 5 1 == True FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © DELETE SQL QUERIES DELETE Clause FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © DELETE SQL QUERIES DELETE FROM todos WHERE id=5; Delete ALL rows and columns where id = 5 FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © DELETE SQL QUERIES DELETE FROM todos WHERE complete=0; Delete ALL rows and columns where complete = 0 FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © ONE TO MANY INTRODUCTION FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © WHAT IS A ONE TO MANY RELATIONSHIP A user can have many todos Todo Todo User Todo Todo FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © WHAT IS A ONE TO MANY RELATIONSHIP Users & Todos FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © WHAT IS A ONE TO MANY RELATIONSHIP Users & Todos Id (PK) Id (PK) email title username description first_name last_name priority hashed_password complete is_active Owner (FK) FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © WHAT IS A ONE TO MANY RELATIONSHIP Add new column FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © WHAT IS A ONE TO MANY RELATIONSHIP Users Todos FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © FOREIGN KEYS FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © WHAT IS A FOREIGN KEY? A foreign key (FK) is a column within a relational database table that provides a link between two separate tables. A foreign key references a primary key of another table Most relational databases need foreign keys to be able to link tables together to present data FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © FOREIGN KEYS SELECT * FROM todos; Select ALL columns and rows FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © FOREIGN KEYS SELECT * FROM users; Select ALL columns and rows FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © Each API request a user will have their ID attached If we have the user ID attached to each request, we can use the ID to find their todos FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © WHERE SQL QUERIES SELECT * FROM todos WHERE owner=1; Select ALL rows & columns WHERE owner = 1 FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © WHERE SQL QUERIES SELECT * FROM todos WHERE owner=2; Select ALL rows & columns WHERE owner = 1 FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © MYSQL INTRODUCTION FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © WHAT IS MYSQL Open-source relational database management system Requires a server Production ready Scalable Secure FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © WHO USES/USED MYSQL? Facebook YouTube Tesla FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © POSTGRESQL INTRODUCTION FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © WHAT IS POSTGRESQL Production ready Open-source relational database management system Secure Requires a server Scalable FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © WHAT WILL WE COVER? How to install PostgreSQL Windows Mac Setup SQL tables Connect PostgreSQL to our application FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © WHO USES/USED POSTGRESQL? Appl Reddit Twitch e FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © ROUTING INTRODUCTION FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © WHAT IS ROUTING Rare that you want your entire application to be on a single file Flexible tool to structure your application Scalable architecture Organize file structure FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © NEW PROJECT STRUCTURE TodoApp TodoApp/routers TodoApp/ main.py company (new) auth.py companyapis.py database.py todos.py dependencies.py models.py FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © JINJA SCRIPTS FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © WHAT JINJA? Fast, expressive and extensible templating language Able to write code similar to Python in the DOM The template is passed data to render within the final document FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © WHAT ARE JINJA TEMPLATING TAGS AND SCRIPTS? Jinja tags allows developers to be confident while working with backend data, using tags that are similar to HTML. FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © WHAT ARE JINJA TEMPLATING TAGS AND SCRIPTS? Now image we have a list of todos that we retrieved from the database. We can pass the entire list of todos into the front-end and loop through each todo with this simple ‘for loop’ on the template. todos.py Home.html FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © WHAT ARE JINJA TEMPLATING TAGS AND SCRIPTS? We can also use Jinja templating language with if else statements. One thing that may stand out is the double brackets with todos|length FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © LET’S LEARN GIT LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY WHAT IS GIT? Free and open-source distributed version control system Can handle small to large applications and projects Allows team members to use same files by distributed branches/ environments LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY GIT EXAMPLE? Version 1 class MathFunctions: Simple Python Class def addition(a, b): Addition Function return a + b We need to add subtraction to MathFunctions LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY GIT EXAMPLE? Version 2 class MathFunctions: Simple Python Class def addition(a, b): Addition Function return a + b def subtraction(a, b): Subtraction Function return a - b New Function New Version Of Code LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY GIT EXAMPLE? Version 3 class MathFunctions: Simple Python Class def addition(a, b): Addition Function return a + b def subtraction(a, b): Subtraction Function return a - b def multiplication(a, b): Multiple Function return a * b LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY GIT EXAMPLE? Version 1 Version Control Version 2 Version 3 Commit 1 Commit 2 LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY WHAT IS GIT? Class MathFunctions Bill’s Code Sarah’s Code addition subtraction Multiplication Division Square Root Power LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY WHAT IS GIT? Class MathFunctions) Bill’s Code Sarah’s Code Functions New New Function Function LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY Git Repo & Version Control GIT? todos.py home.html Commit 1 Code files (for app) auth.py styles.css todos.py home.html Commit 2 todos.py auth.py styles.css new.py Commit 3 LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY WHAT IS GIT? Free and open- source distributed version control system LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY WHAT IS GIT? Track Changes Free and open- Version Control source distributed Allows team members to use same version control files without needing to sync every time system LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY GIT BASICS LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY GIT EXAMPLE? Version 1 Version Control Version 2 Version 3 Commit 1 Commit 2 LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY GIT EXAMPLE? Git Command Details git init Initializes a new, empty repository LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY GIT EXAMPLE? Git Command Details git init Initializes a new, empty repository git add. Adds files from a non-staged area to a staging GIT area LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY GIT EXAMPLE? Git Command Details git init Initializes a new, empty repository git add. Adds files from a non-staged area to a staging GIT area git commit –m “info here” Move files from a staging area to a commit LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY GIT EXAMPLE? Git Command Details git init Initializes a new, empty repository git add. Adds files from a non-staged area to a staging GIT area git commit –m “info here” Move files from a staging area to a commit git checkout Open up previous commit LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY GIT EXAMPLE? Git Command Details git init Initializes a new, empty repository git add. Adds files from a non-staged area to a staging GIT area git commit –m “info here” Move files from a staging area to a commit git checkout Open up previous commit git log Shows committed Snapshots LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY GIT BASICS python-git-basics GIT git init stashed un-stashed git add. Commit 1 Complete git commit –m “First commit.” LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY GIT BASICS python-git-basics stashed un-stashed git add. git commit –m “Added addition Commit 2 Complete functionality” LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY GIT BASICS 2 Different Commits commit aabbccddee112233445566 python-git-basics Author: Eric Roby git log “Added Addition Function” commit aabbccddee112233445567 Author: Eric Roby git checkout “First Commit” aabbccddee112233445567 LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY GIT BRANCHES LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY WHAT IS A GIT BRANCH? A pointer - to take a A pointer of data change snapshot of a Isolation of feature development change. Branches can be merged into Linear development other branches LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY GIT EXAMPLE? Git Command Details git branch Create new isolated branch LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY GIT EXAMPLE? Git Command Details git branch Create new isolated branch git checkout branch Change root to branch selected LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY GIT EXAMPLE? Git Command Details git branch Create new isolated branch git checkout branch Change root to branch selected git switch branch Same as above new command as of Git (2.23) LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY GIT BRANCHES? All code is currently in the master branch git branch multiplication-branch New branch Checkout new branch git checkout multiplication-branch Multiplication- master branch branch LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY GIT EXAMPLE? Master Branch Multiplication-branch addition addition subtraction subtraction multiplication multiplication merge LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY GIT BRANCHES python-git-basics detached-head merge multiplication- branch git checkout master branch multiplication-branch git merge master branch git commit –m “adding git merge multiplication- multiplication function.” branch LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY WHAT IS GITHUB? LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY WHAT IS GITHUB? Git Repository hosting service User friendly interface Large development platform LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY WHAT IS GITHUB? Free and open- Top Git Repository source distributed hosting service version control available system LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY WHAT IS GITHUB? GitHub Git All Git data is saved on Cloud. Can access version control and team’s merges LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY WHAT IS RENDER? LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY WHAT IS RENDER? Platform as a service (PaaS) Helps developers build, run and operate applications entirely on the cloud Developers can focus on coding and not have to worry about the infrastructure of their applications LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY RENDER PRICING? Pricing depends on many factors of how you want your application to perform online Free Trial Free Plan Businesses of all sizes use Render as their cloud PaaS provider. LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY WHAT IS RENDER? Code deployment system Continuous Integration & Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) Load Balancing and more… Focus on Code LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY WHAT IS RENDER? LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY DIFFERENT PLATFORMS? LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY THANK YOU!! FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © CONTACT ME! [email protected] Instagram: @codingwithroby FastAPI LET’S CODE TOGETHER © CODINGWITHROBY © LET'S LEARN PYTHON Assignment! LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY LET'S LEARN PYTHON Variables! LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY LET'S LEARN PYTHON Comments! LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY LET'S LEARN PYTHON String Formatting! LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY LET'S LEARN PYTHON User Input! LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY LET'S LEARN PYTHON Lists! LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY LET'S LEARN PYTHON Sets & Tuples! LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY LET'S LEARN PYTHON Boolean & Operators! LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY LET'S LEARN PYTHON If Else! LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY LET'S LEARN PYTHON Loops! LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY LET'S LEARN PYTHON Dictionaries! LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY LET'S LEARN PYTHON Functions! LET’S CODE TOGETHER © © CODINGWITHROBY Object Oriented Programming What is Object Oriented Programming? LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC What is Object Oriented Programming? Object Oriented Programming (OOP) - is a programming paradigm based on the concepts of objects, which can contain data and code. OOP has bene ts that include: Scalability Ef ciency Reusability LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC fi fi What are objects? There are objects around us in real life Looking out my window I see: Trees Houses My dog, Milo. All of these are real objects that we could create. LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC What are objects? Looking at these objects there are a two ways to de ne them: Behavior State Let’s take a closer look at my dog, Milo. LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC fi Behavior Milo has many behaviors that a normal dog would have: Barking Eating Drinking Sleeping Walking Running LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC State Milo has individual pieces of state: 4 legs 2 ears Goldendoodle 5 years old Yellow LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Primitive Data Types File: Main.py legs: int = 4 ears: int = 2 type: str = ‘Goldendoodle’ age: int = 5 color: str = ‘Yellow’ LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code © CODINGWITHROBY LLC Dog as an Object File: Dog.py class Dog: legs: int = 4 ears: int = 2 type: str = ‘Goldendoodle’ age: int = 5 color: str = ‘Yellow’ LET’S CODE TOGETHER www.luv2code.com © luv2code

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