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LongLastingParallelism

Uploaded by LongLastingParallelism

West Visayas State University

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environmental science ecology energy environmental studies

Summary

This document covers fundamental concepts in environmental science, including topics on organisms, natural resources, and the built environment. It also discusses concepts like energy conversion, conservation of matter, and the flow of energy.

Full Transcript

**Environment**- "environner" to surround **Environmental science:** The study of living things and how they interact with their environment. - Nature - Technology - Culture **Organisms**- Also known as living things. **Natural Resources-** Materials found in nature that are useful to h...

**Environment**- "environner" to surround **Environmental science:** The study of living things and how they interact with their environment. - Nature - Technology - Culture **Organisms**- Also known as living things. **Natural Resources-** Materials found in nature that are useful to humans **Applied Sciences**- Fields of study that use scientific knowledge to solve practical problems. **Anthropology-** The study of human societies. **Built Environment-** What humans have made such as roads and buildings. **Culture-** The languages, religions, customs, and arts of people. **Natural Environment-** All living and nonliving things found in nature. East Africa (Ethiopia) -- first fossil found "omo1" Agricultural Revolution- 18^th^ century, lasted for 100 years Sumeria -- heavily rely on irrigation for crop growth Salt brought by irrigation (salinization of Sumeria) **Law of Unintended Consequences** - main reason for resource depletion **Tragedy of Commons** Commons stuffed shared and not owned. Stocks & flows **Citizen Science**- Public participation and collaboration in scientific research to increase scientific knowledge where people can share and contribute to data monitoring and collection programs. **Systems of thinking**- language used to talk about problems in society as a whole - A big picture system **System Dynamic Model**- instead of thinking for a primary solution, think in a big picture **Causal Loop Diagram**- understanding and identifying problems and finding a solution. Composed of different variables, arrows, link, polarities \[s+,o-\] and type of loop. **Reinforcing loop**- compound, same start and end **Balancing loop**- different start and end **Conservation of Matter** Matter may be transformed and combined in different ways. However, it doesn't disappear. Everything goes somewhere. These sentences represent the physical principle of conservation of matter. **Energy**- defined as the ability to produce change or do work. **Forms of Energy** **Potential energy** -- Stored PE = \[mgh (mass x gravity x height)\] **Kinetic energy**- motion KE= \[1/2mv^2^ (mass x velocity)\] **The Principle of Conservation of Energy** Energy can be changed from one form into another but it cannot be created or destroyed. Energy is always conserved. **Energy Conversion**- Energy is defined as \"the ability to do work.\" **Work** = fd (work x distance) Energy efficiency -- amount of useful energy you can get out of a system **Sources of Energy** - Renewable - Non-Renewable - Secondary Energy Source **Thermodynamics** A complex, quantitative discipline that studies how energy is transferred, its rates of flow, and its transformation from one form or quality to another. **Sun-** Main energy source Carbon Dioxide, sunlight, Water enables **[Photosynthesis]**- produces glucose (chemical potential energy) and Oxygen **Energy transfer** Sun\> plant (producers, autotrophs) \> primary consumers \> secondary consumers \> tertiary consumers \> decomposers Herbivores - plant Carnivores - meat Omnivores -- plant & meat Predator- hunters Prey- hunted and ate Scavengers- eat dead animals Food Web -- Complex food chain Energy pyramid -- bottom to top largest to smallest

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