Driver Guide.pdf

Missouri Driver Guide A guide to understanding Missouri Motor Vehicle Laws and Licensing Requirements Revised August 2023  Table of Contents Chapter 1 — The Missouri Driver License................ Page...

Missouri Driver Guide A guide to understanding Missouri Motor Vehicle Laws and Licensing Requirements Revised August 2023  Table of Contents Chapter 1 — The Missouri Driver License................ Page 3 Chapter 2 — The Driver Examination.................... Page 18 Chapter 3 — Rules of the Road........................ Page 22 Chapter 4 — Sharing the Road......................... Page 28 Chapter 5 — Parking................................. Page 35 Chapter 6 — Highway Driving.......................... Page 37 Chapter 7 — Pavement Markings, Traffic Signs, and Signals................................. Page 42 Chapter 8 — Safe Driving Tips For Everyday Driving...... Page 55 Chapter 9 — Safe Driving Tips For Special Driving Conditions........................ Page 62 Chapter 10 — Alcohol, Drugs, and Driving................ Page 67 Chapter 11 — The Point System......................... Page 73 Chapter 12 — Vehicle Titling and Registration............. Page 75 Chapter 13 — Mandatory Insurance...................... Page 79 Chapter 14 — Safety and Emissions Inspections & Required Equipment.................... Page 83 Chapter 15 — Commercial Vehicles...................... Page 87 Chapter 16 — Distracted Driving and Electronic Communication Devices........... Page 92 Index................................................ Page 94 Contact Information................................... Page 98 Note: The state motor vehicle laws described in this manual are not reproduced in their entirety and the wording is not identical. Due to possible federal and state law changes and Department of Revenue (Department) policy, the information in this manual may not always be current. The Department will make every effort to incorporate any changes as soon as possible. Please visit our website for the most current version. The Missouri Driver Guide is published by the Missouri Department of Revenue. 1 Carefully studying the Missouri Driver Guide will increase your driving confidence and broaden your knowledge of Missouri traffic laws. The more knowledge you have, the safer you are! To test your knowledge of traffic laws, you will need to take a written test of 25 multiple-choice questions. Studying this guide will prepare you for that test. You must correctly answer 20 questions to pass the test. All of the test questions come directly from information found in this guide. There are no “trick” questions. To test your ability to drive a vehicle, you must take a driving skills test. Your examiner realizes a driving test will probably be an unusual experience for you, and you might even become nervous or uneasy. If you do become nervous or fearful, please remember your examiner has accompanied many other people exactly like you, and the examiner rides with you only to make sure you can control your vehicle and observe the rules of safety. Your examiner will not try to trick you in any way. Remember that thousands of people pass this test every year and become licensed drivers. If they can do it, so can you! Just relax and do the best you can. We would like to hear your comments and questions about the material included in this manual: Address: Driver License Bureau P.O. Box 200 Jefferson City, MO 65105-0200 Telephone: (573) 526-2407 Fax: (573) 522-8174 E-Mail: [email protected] Website: http://dor.mo.gov/ The names and telephone numbers of other related agencies and offices are located on the last page of this guide. The Missouri Commercial Driver License Manual and Motorcycle Operator Manual are posted on our website at http://dor.mo.gov/. You may also request a copy from the Missouri State Highway Patrol (MSHP), or any Motor Vehicle and Driver Licensing Office (license office). 2  Chapter 1 - The Missouri Driver License Anyone who operates a motor vehicle or motor-driven cycle on public roadways in Missouri is required to have a valid driver license. You may obtain a Missouri driver license at any Missouri license office. You must have a Missouri driver license if:   You live in Missouri, are 16 years of age or older, and plan to drive.   You are a new resident of Missouri and want to drive, even if you have a driver license from another state.   You are an out-of-state commercial driver who has moved to Missouri within the last 30 days. (Please refer to the Missouri Commercial Driver License Manual.) You do not need a Missouri driver license if: You are a member of the armed forces and you have a valid driver license from your home state. You are a full-time student and you have a valid driver license from your home state. You operate or temporarily operate or move any farm tractor or implement on a highway for agri-related purposes. You are required to carry your driver license or permit when you drive. If any law enforcement officer asks to see your driver license or permit, you must present it. It is against the law for you to allow anyone else to use your license or permit. Tip! Anyone obtaining a new license or permit is required to show verification of lawful status, identity (full legal name), social security number, and Missouri residency. These requirements are explained in detail later in this chapter. Types of Permits If you are under 21 years of age, you will be issued a permit identifying you as a minor. Instruction Permit — Eligible Age: 15 This is the first step in Missouri’s Graduated Driver License Program for young drivers. Generally, this permit allows a young person to learn to drive with the supervision of a licensed adult. See later in this chapter for detailed information. IMPORTANT NOTE: The test form issued by the Missouri State Highway Patrol is not valid as a permit or license. You must submit the test form to your local license office to apply for the actual permit or license to meet GDL and legal operator requirements. Motorcycle Instruction Permit — Eligible Age: 15½ or 16 You may apply for a motorcycle instruction permit to learn to operate a motorcycle or motortricycle. The age you are eligible to apply may be 15½ or 16 years, as described below. 15½ years of age (15 years and 182 days) The Motorcycle Instruction Permit will only be issued if you have successfully completed an approved motorcycle rider training course. You must pass the Class F and Class M written, vision, and road sign 3  tests. You must also have the written consent of your parent or legal guardian. This permit allows daylight driving only, within a 50-mile radius of home, a motorcycle of no larger than 250 cc, and no passengers.   16 years of age or older If you are 16 years old or older you may apply for a motorcycle instruction permit, but the motorcycle rider training course is not required. If you do not have a valid driver license, you must take the Class F and Class M written tests to receive a motorcycle instruction permit. When you are ready, you may take the motorcycle driving test and pay the appropriate fee to become motorcycle qualified. For more information about Missouri’s motorcycle laws, see the Motorcycle Operator Manual posted on our website at dor.mo.gov/. You may also request a copy from MSHP or any license office. Types of Licenses If you are under 21 years of age, you will be issued a license identifying you as a minor. When you reach age 21, you may apply and pay for another driver license (without the minor indication) or wait until your under-21 license expires. Intermediate License (Class F) — Eligible Age: 16 This is the second step in Missouri’s Graduated Driver License (GDL) program for young drivers. Generally, this license allows a young person certain restricted driving privileges. See later in this chapter for detailed information. Full Driver License (Class F) — Eligible Age: 18 This is the basic driver license, also called an operator license. You must have a Class F license to operate any motor vehicle (other than one requiring you to have a Class A, B, C, or E license.) The Class F license does not allow you to drive a motorcycle unless the license shows the Motorcycle (M) endorsement. Endorsements will be discussed later in this chapter. You must pass the Class F written, vision, road sign, and driving tests. For-Hire License (Class E) — Eligible Age: 18 When you test for a Class E license, the written exam will include questions based on the complete driver guide, but mainly Chapter 15 (Commercial Vehicles). You must also pass the vision and road sign tests. If you already have a Class F license, a driving test is not required. However, you must still meet the “under 21 requirements” (see page 18) for a full license if you apply for a Class E license at age 18. There are a number of reasons you may wish to obtain a Class E license, such as: If you receive pay for driving a motor vehicle transporting 14 or fewer passengers (such as a driver for a day care center). If you will transport property for pay or as part of your job (such as a florist delivery driver).  If you regularly operate a motor vehicle for your employment which belongs to another person and is designed to carry freight and merchandise. The vehicle must be 26,000 pounds or less gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) and not required to be placarded for hazardous materials. The following individuals shall not be required to obtain a for-hire (Class E) license pursuant to 387.438 RSMo: 4  Individuals who use a motor vehicle with a gross vehicle weight less than or equal to 12,000 pounds for the purpose of providing transportation services as an eligible Transportation Network Company driver or taxicab driver; or Individuals providing prepared food delivery services for entities such as a fast food restaurant, delicatessen, or other facility engaged in the selling of food for consumption off the premises of the facility. Motorcycle License (Class M) — Eligible Age: 16 You must have a Class M license or permit (or a driver license with the M endorsement) if you operate a motorcycle or motortricycle on public roadways. You will need to pass the Class F and Class M written, vision, road sign, and motorcycle skills tests. GDL requirements will apply to Class M license applicants between the ages of 16 and 18. See the GDL requirements later in this chapter. A driver operating a motorized bicycle is not required to obtain a motorcycle endorsement, however he or she must hold, a valid operator’s (or higher classification) license. For more information about Missouri’s motorcycle laws, see the Motorcycle Operator Manual posted on our website at dor.mo.gov/. You may also request a copy from MSHP or any license office. Commercial Driver License (Class A, B, or C) You must have a commercial driver license based on the type of commercial motor vehicle you drive. You must be at least 18 years old to apply for a CDL, and at least 21 years old to obtain a CDL with a Hazardous Materials or School Bus endorsement. You must still meet the “under 21” requirements if you apply for a CDL at age 18. For more information about Missouri’s commercial driving laws, see the Commercial Driver License Manual posted on our website at dor.mo.gov/. You may also request a copy from MSHP or any license office. Nondriver Identification Card (Class ND) You may obtain a photo nondriver ID for identification purposes. Your nondriver ID expires on your date of birth in the sixth year after you apply. If you are age 70 or older, your nondriver ID will be issued as non-expiring. Exception: Nondriver ID applicants age 70 or older may be issued a six year expiration date if applying for a REAL ID-compliant card or a lesser period based on immigration document status review. Requirements to Obtain a License or Permit Depending on your age, whether you are obtaining a new license or permit, if you are renewing one, or if you have just moved to Missouri, the requirements to obtain a license are slightly different.  If you are a driver age 15 to 21, the GDL program applies to you. Please see the GDL section in this chapter for more information. You will need to show verification of lawful status, identity (must include full legal name and date of birth), social security number, name change if applicable, and Missouri residency (detailed in this chapter) to qualify.   If you are a Missouri driver, you may be required to provide verification of lawful status, identity (must include full legal name and date of birth), social security number, name change if applicable, and Missouri residency will be required each time you apply to renew a driver license, nondriver ID, or instruction permit. You must also present your previous license. 5  If you are obtaining a new Missouri license, you must show verification of lawful status, identity (must include full legal name and date of birth), social security number, a name change if applicable, and Missouri residency. You will be required to take the four-part driver examination. The four-part exam consists of a written test, vision test, road sign test, and a driving skills test. (See Chapter 2 for more information.) If you are new to Missouri and are transferring your out-of-state driver license, you will need to present verification of lawful status, identity (must include full legal name and date of birth), social security number, name change if applicable, Missouri residency, and mailing address, if different than residential address. You must also surrender the license from your previous state of residence, and take the vision and road sign tests. Upon transfer of your out-of-state driver license, any driver license, permit or nondriver ID issued in another state will be invalidated.   You must take the four-part driver examination (detailed in Chapter 2) if any of the following apply to you: ○ You are applying for a new Missouri driver license. ○ Your Missouri driver license has been expired for more than six months (184 days). ○ Your out-of-state license has been expired for more than 184 days. ○ Your license was revoked because you have too many points (see Chapter 11) on your driving record or because of an Administrative Alcohol Revocation (see Chapter 10). ○ The Director of Revenue asks you to take the exam, even if you have a current driver license. Required Documents When you obtain or renew any license, permit, or nondriver ID, you will be required to present proof of lawful status, identity (must include full legal name and date of birth), social security number, name change if applicable, Missouri residency, and mailing address, if different than residential address. You will also be required to present and surrender your current license, permit, or nondriver ID. Details of these requirements are listed below. For more information, visit dor.mo.gov/. Lawful Status: A U.S. citizen may show a U.S. Birth Certificate (certified with an embossed, stamped or raised seal and issued by a vital records agency. Hospital birth certificates and birth registration cards are not acceptable.), a valid, unexpired U.S. passport a U.S. Certificate of Citizenship, Certificate of Naturalization, or a Certificate of Birth Abroad. A “copy” of a U.S. Birth Certificate (issued by a vital records agency accompanied by a U.S. Military Identification Card or Discharge Papers. This proof of lawful status is not acceptable for issuance of a REAL ID-compliant document. Non-U.S. citizens must present the appropriate immigration documents indicating the applicant’s status. Examine the full list of acceptable required documents to obtain a REAL ID-compliant or non REAL ID-compliant card at dor.mo.gov/drivers/idrequirements.php. Age 65 and Older Exemption — If you are renewing a non REAL ID-compliant non-commercial permit or driver license or nondriver ID and are age 65 or older you may be exempt from presenting documents for place of birth.   Identity: Documents used for verify identity must contain your full legal name and date of birth. Many lawful status documents also prove 6  identity, other examples include: Employment Authorization Document, REAL ID-Compliant or non-REAL ID License, or a Foreign Passport with a U.S. Visa accompanied by an I-94.   Missouri Residency: You have a variety of options to prove your current address. Examples include any two current utility bills (including phone, electric, gas, water, sewer, and cable), property tax receipt, voter ID card, or any official letter issued within the last 90 days by another state, local governmental or another federal agency agency on its letterhead. To obtain a REAL ID-compliant document, you must provide two documents verifying Missouri residency. To obtain a non REAL ID-compliant document, you must provide one document verifying Missouri residency. If you have a separate mailing address, you must provide a document to verify the mailing address. Note: A Post Office Box is not acceptable as a residential address. You need to show proof of residential address and alternate mailing address (if applicable.) Current addresses are important! Your license will be mailed to the address provided. ○ If you are under the age of 21, and cannot provide an acceptable document from the list for verification of a Missouri residential address, a parent or legal guardian may provide such a document on your behalf. Refer to the complete list of acceptable documents at dor.mo.gov. For purposes of an application for a REAL ID-compliant document, the use of the document submitted by the parent of guardian, is only acceptable as one of the two required residency verification documents. ƒ Residential address is the location at which a person has been physically present, and that the person regards as home. A residential address is a person’s true, fixed, principal, and permanent home, to which a person intends to return and remain, even though currently residing elsewhere. Social Security Number State law requires you to include your Social Security Number (SSN) on your application to obtain a Missouri License or permit. The SSN may be provided by presenting the Social Security Card, (must be original, signed and not laminated) W-2 Wage and Tax Statement, 1099 Form, or a Paystub with Name and Social Security Number. Current valid Missouri driver license, nondriver ID or permit applicants who have previously verified their SSN, may be eligible to provide their number verbally for verification purposes. If you do not have a social security number: ○ You must present a letter from the Social Security Administration (SSA) regarding the status of your social security number. Applicants without a social security number may be ineligible for a REAL ID-compliant document depending upon lawful status verification documents. NOTE: If you are a nonimmigrant foreign student, who is not authorized to work in the United States, submission of a status letter from the SSA is not required. (You or your dependents immigration document MUST reflect an F or a J classification.) ○ License or permit applications without a social security number may be reviewed by the central office for final approval prior to printing and mailing. 7  Name Changes - If your current name is different than it appears on your identity and lawful status document presented, or is not the same on all your documents, present one of the documents below showing your correct current name. Last Name Change - certified marriage license, certified divorce decree, certified court order, certified court ordered adoption papers, or amended birth certificate. First Name Change - Certified court order. Middle Name Change - Certified court order. Tip! Make sure you have all the necessary documents with you before you go to your license office. It will save you time and the time of your fellow customers! Permit Fees Fees for and duration of a permit are based on the applicant’s age at the time of the transaction. Application test fees are not included. New / Renewal Permit Type Minimum Age Cost Valid For... Student Permit 15 $1.00 Length of Approved Course Instruction Permit 15 $7.00 0–12 months Motorcycle Permit 15½ or 16 $9.75 or $7.00 0–6 months (182 days) Commercial 1 year (360 days or less) Learner’s Permit 18 $16.00 nonrenewable License Fees Fees and duration of license are based on the applicant’s age at the time of the transaction. Application test fees are not included. New / Renewal License Type Minimum Age Cost Valid For... Intermediate License 16 $11.00 0–2 years Full License $13.50 0–3 years* (Class F) or 18 or $27.00 0–6 years* For-Hire License $21.00 0–3 years*(Class E) 18 or or $42.00 0–6 years* Age 70 with school bus endorsement New: $11.00 0–1 year Renewal: $6.00 Commercial $26.00 0–3 years* Driver License 18 or or (Class A, B, or C) $52.00 0–6 years* Age 70 with school bus endorsement New: $13.50 0–1 year Renewal: $6.00 Motorcycle $13.50 0–3 years* Only License 16 or or (Class M) $27.00 0–6 years Nondriver ID Card any age $18.00 0–6 years* or Non-Expiring Nondriver ID Card 17½ $0.00 0–6 years* (Voting Purposes Only) or Non-Expiring *Based on the applicant’s age or document verification status at the time of the transaction. 8 Restrictions If you have limited driving experience or a medical condition that impairs your ability to drive safely, you may receive a restricted license permitting you to drive only under specific conditions. If you have a restricted license, it will have one or more of the restriction codes shown below. You may be required to take a driving test in order to have a restriction removed from your license. If you disobey the restriction(s), you can be charged with driving without a license, and if convicted, points will be placed on your driving record. If you receive too many points (see Chapter 11), your license may be suspended or revoked. Restriction Codes A Corrective Lenses N No Class A or B Passenger Vehicle B Outside Rearview Mirror O No Tractor-Trailer CMV C Daylight Driving Only P No Passengers In CMV Bus D Auto Trans/Power Steering Q More Than Five Restrictions E No Manual Transmission CMV R Special Seat Cushion F Restricted to 45 MPH T Right Outside Mirror G 25 Mile Radius U Uncoded Restriction* H Special Hand Devices V Medical Variance I Intermediate License W Farm Waiver J Electrical Turn Signals X No Cargo in CMV Tank Vehicle K Intrastate Driving Only (CDL) Y Left Outside Mirror L Non-Airbrake CMV Z No Full Air Brake Equipped CMV M No Class A Passenger Vehicle *An uncoded restriction is any restriction not listed here. An uncoded restriction will be listed as a “U” in the restriction area of the driver license or permit and the description will display on the back of the document, space permitting. Any law enforcement officer, judge, or physician can ask the Department to place restrictions on your license. Medical Referral There are two reasons you may be required to submit a physician’s statement to the Department of Revenue:   You have had epileptic seizures, convulsions, or blackouts within the six months prior to your application for a license.   A driver examiner, license clerk, family member, law enforcement officer, physician, physical therapist, occupational therapist, chiropractor, registered nurse, psychologist, social worker, professional counselor, optometrist, or emergency medical technician, believes you may have some other medical condition that would make you an unsafe driver. This person must complete a Driver Condition Report (Form 4319) and submit it to the Department. Endorsements Endorsements are just the opposite of restrictions because they qualify you to do things you couldn’t do without the endorsement, such as: drive a school bus or operate a motorcycle. The endorsements available for your non-commercial (class F, E, or M) Missouri driver license are listed on the following page. 9    School Bus (S) endorsement — A school bus endorsement is required for anyone transporting students from school to home, home to school, and to and from school-sponsored events in any vehicle designed for carrying more than ten passengers. A school bus endorsement may be issued to drivers age 21 or older who hold a Class E (For-Hire) license or a commercial license with a Passenger (P) endorsement. A school bus endorsement can be suspended for one year if a person fails to pass any drug, alcohol, or chemical test administered in accordance with any federal or state law, rule, or regulation regarding the operation of a school bus. Missouri law has special operating regulations for school buses. If you need more information related to general school transportation requirements, contact: Missouri Department of Elementary and Secondary Education, Division of Administrative and Financial Services — School Transportation, e-mail: [email protected]; phone: (573) 751-0357; fax: (573) 526-6898. Motorcycle (M) endorsement — A motorcycle endorsement on an operator or higher class license is required if you operate a motorcycle or motortricycle on public roadways. To add the motorcycle endorsement to an existing license you will need to pass the motorcycle written test, vision, road sign, and a skills test on a motorcycle or motortricycle. For more information about Missouri’s motorcycle laws, see the Motorcycle Operator Manual posted on our website at dor.mo.gov/. You may also request a copy from MSHP or any license office.    Additional endorsements are available if you have a Commercial Driver License or Commercial Learner’s Permit. For more information about Missouri’s commercial driving laws, see the Commercial Driver License Manual posted on our website at dor.mo.gov/. You may also request a copy from MSHP or any license office. Renewing a License or Permit - Renewal Reminders The Department will mail you a reminder to renew before your license expires. A renewal notice will not be mailed for a temporary instruction permit or commercial learner’s permit. The reminder will be sent to the mailing address on your driver record. When you move, you may update your address in one of the following ways:   Complete an address change at your local license office;   Online at dor.mo.gov/;   Send an e-mail to [email protected]; or   Send a written notice with your new address to the following: Driver License Bureau, P.O. Box 200, Jefferson City, MO 65105-0200. Your reminder will state the fee required to renew your license. You can renew your license up to six months before it expires. Each time you renew, you will be required to take the vision and road sign test. It is your responsibility to renew your driver license, even if you do not receive your reminder. Failure to renew promptly may cause you to have to retake the written and driving tests. You can be ticketed for driving without a valid license. Exception: If you will be leaving the state or country for an extended time you may request an early renewal of your driver license at your local license office. 10 A driver license may be valid for up to six years. If you allow it to expire, you must not drive. If you would like to continue driving uninterrupted, you must renew your license before it expires. If you do not renew your license within six months (or 184 days) after its expiration date, you will have to take the written and driving tests (see Chapter 2), in addition to the vision and road sign tests. License offices are usually busiest at the end of each month. Since you may renew your license up to six months (184 days) before it expires, you are encouraged to select a time to avoid the longer lines. If the renewal dates for your driver license and motor vehicle registration renewal are within six months, you may be able to complete both renewals at the same time and save yourself a trip later to the license office. Renewal by Mail for Active Duty Members of the Armed Forces Missouri allows renewal by mail for members of the armed forces and their dependents. Applicants should submit a completed Mail-In Driver License Application (Form 4317) (available online at dor.mo.gov/ or faxed upon request), along with required documents and fees. Missouri allows a renewal without re-examination for members of the armed forces whose license has expired while out of state, for up to six months from honorable discharge or within 90 days of reestablishing residency in Missouri, whichever occurs first. The expired Missouri license and discharge papers must be submitted at the time of application in addition to other applicable renewal documents. The expired license is not valid for driving. These provisions only waive re-examination and do not extend the actual driving privileges beyond the expiration date. Lost, Stolen, or Destroyed License If your license is lost or stolen while you are out of state, you may request a Mail-In Driver License Application (Form 4317) by phone at (573) 751-4600 or download the form on our website. If your license is lost, stolen, or destroyed, you must apply for a duplicate license. If your current license expires within the next six months, you may renew your license early rather than obtain a duplicate license. This saves you time and money. Renewing When Your License is Suspended or Revoked If you held a non-commercial driver license, you may take the vision and road sign tests and renew your license even while your driving privilege is suspended. However, if your driving privilege has been revoked, you may only renew your license during the revocation if it resulted from your refusal to take a chemical test. You will not receive your license back until you have completed your reinstatement requirements and your driving privilege has been reinstated. Other Information About Your Driver License Organ, Eye and Tissue Donor Information When you apply for a new, renewal, or duplicate instruction permit, driver license or nondriver ID you will be asked two very important questions at the time you make your application. 11 1. “Do you consent to be listed in the Donor Registry System as an organ, eye and tissue donor?” If you say “yes”, your name will automatically be added to the Missouri Organ and Tissue Donor Registry, managed by the Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services or their agent. The registry is on a secure, confidential database. Joining the registry means you have legally documented your decision to save lives by becoming an organ and tissue donor at the time of your death. No further consent is needed, which relieves your family of making that decision on your behalf. 2. “Do you authorize an Organ Donor symbol to be placed on your license or permit?” If you said yes to be listed in the Donor Registry system you will also be asked if you would like an optional indicator placed on your document. If you say “yes” to add the organ donor symbol, a red heart with a green banner will appear on the front of your instruction permit, driver license, or nondriver ID. There is no fee to place the symbol on your instruction permit, driver license or nondriver ID, or place your name in the registry. You may obtain more information regarding the donor registry or register your decision and enroll online at donatelifemissouri.org/.   The back of your license or permit will include a box for placement of an Organ Donor Sticker. If you did not elect to register with the Organ, Eye and Tissue Donor Registry, or you registered and did not elect to have a symbol placed on the face of your document at the time of issuance, you may complete registration or request an Organ Donor Sticker online at donatelifemissouri.org/.   When you apply for a driver license, permit or nondriver ID the clerk must ask you if you would like to make a monetary donation to the organ donor fund or the blindness awareness fund. “DHH” Notation for Deaf or Hard of Hearing Applicants    When you apply for or renew your driver license, nondriver ID, or instruction permit, you may ask that a “DHH” notation be placed on your driver license, nondriver ID, or instruction permit. In the event of an emergency, this notation will allow law enforcement or emergency and medical personnel to readily determine if you are deaf or hard of hearing. This will assist in ensuring effective communications with someone who is injured and nonresponsive. In order to obtain the “DHH” notation, you must request the notation when applying for a license or instruction permit.   Boater Safety Indicator If you are a resident of Missouri who has complied with the provisions of Section 306.127, RSMo. and possess a current Boating Safety Education Card issued by the MSHP, you may request to obtain a boater safety indicator on your driver license or nondriver ID. The MSHP will accept the indicator on a valid driver license or nondriver ID in lieu of carrying the separate Boating Safety Education Card. You must request the new indicator and present your valid Boating Safety Education Card at the time of application for a new, renewal 12  or duplicate transaction. There will be an additional cost of $1 added to standard processing fees when the boater identification indicator is initially added to a driver license or nondriver ID document.   Permanent Disability Indicator If you are a resident of Missouri who is permanently disabled you may request to have a permanent disability indicator placed on the back of your driver license or nondriver ID at the time of application for a new, renewal or duplicate transaction. To be eligible for the indicator you must submit a Physicians Statement (Form 5294) - Permanent Disability Indicator completed and signed by your physician, physical therapist, occupational therapist licensed under Section 334, RSMo., or other authorized healthcare practitioner. There will be no additional cost to add the indicator. The standard new, renewal, or duplicate transaction and processing fees will apply. You are not required by law to obtain a permanent disability indicator on your driver license or non-driver license. The indicator is not determination of eligibility or public benefits.   Veteran Designation If you are a veteran of the United States Armed Forces you may opt to have a “VETERAN” designation placed on the front of your Missouri driver license or nondriver ID, upon request, at the time of application for a new, renewal or duplicate transaction. To be eligible for the designation, you must submit one of the following acceptable discharge status verification documents: ○ a United States Department of Defense discharge document, otherwise known as a DD Form 214, that shows a discharge status of “honorable” or “general under honorable conditions” that establishes the person’s service in the Armed Forces of the United States; ○ a United States Uniformed Services Identification Card, otherwise known as a DD Form 2, that includes a discharge status of “retired” or “reserve retired” establishing the person’s service in the Armed Forces of the United States; ○ a United States Department of Veterans Affairs photo identification card; or ○ a discharge document WD AGO 53, WD AGO 55, WD AGO 53-55, NAVPERS 553, NAVMC 78 PD, NAVCG 553, or DD 215 form that shows a discharge status of “honorable” or “general under honorable conditions”. There will be no additional cost to add the indicator. The standard new, renewal or duplicate transaction and processing fees will apply. You are not required by law to obtain the Veteran Designation. Ever served on active duty in the United States Armed Forces? If yes, visit dor.mo.gov/military/ to see the services and benefits we offer to all eligible military individuals. A list of all state agency resources and benefits can be found at veteranbenefits.mo.gov/state-benefits/. Medical Alert Notation You may request to have a medical alert notation placed on the front of your driver license or nondriver ID at the time of application for a new, renewal or duplicate transaction to indicate a medical alert for: Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD); Diabetes Mellitus (DM); Autism; Drug Allergy; Epilepsy (EPIL); Alzheimer’s (ATD); Dementia 13  (DEM); Schizophrenia (SCHZ); High Blood Pressure (HBP); or Cardiovascular Disease (CVD). You are not required by law to have a medical alert notation on your driver license or nondriver ID. To be eligible for the medical alert notation you must submit a Physicians statement – Medical Alert Notation (Form 5839) that has been completed and signed by a licensed physician, therapist, occupational therapist, or other authorized license healthcare practitioner in the state of Missouri verifying such diagnosis. There is no additional cost to add the medical alert notation. Driver’s Privacy Protection Act (DPPA) The Federal Driver’s Privacy Protection Act requires all states to close the personal information contained on all motor vehicle, driver license and nondriver ID records, unless otherwise directed by state law. Under Missouri law, a person or entity may access the personal information if exempt under the DPPA (and have submitted a Request for Security Access Code (Form 4678) or have obtained express consent from the record holder on a Request from Record Holder (Form 4681). Voter Registration  When you apply for or renew your driver license, nondriver ID, or instruction permit, the clerk will ask you if you are registered to vote at your current address. If your voter registration address has changed or if you have changed your name since your prior voter registration application (as shown on voter registration card) you may elect to submit updated voter registration information by responding “Yes” to register to vote at the time of license application. New or updated voter registration information will be generated for your review and signature as part of your application. Data from the application which is required for voter registration purposes will then be submitted electronically through the Missouri Voter Registration System to local election authorities. Selective Service Registration Male applicants, age 18 to 26, may register with the Selective Service at the time of their license or permit application. Suspension or Revocation of Your License There are a number of reasons your license may be revoked or suspended or denied. Your best bet is to be responsible and be a good driver. You can lose your license for any of the following reasons:   Parent or Guardian Request to Deny a Driver License (Form 4811) — If you are under the age 18, your parent or guardian may request that the Director of Revenue deny you a license. If you already have a driver license, the request will cancel your license. When the Department receives the request, a denial will be placed on your driving record. The denial expires when you turn 18 or when your parent or guardian requests your driving status be cleared. Form 4811 may be found on the Department’s website or at any license office. Driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs (see Chapter 10). Refusing to let a police officer test you for alcohol or drugs. Leaving the scene of a traffic accident. Failing to file an accident report (see Chapter 13). Giving false information when you apply for a license. Failing to settle a court judgment made against you for damages 14  resulting from a motor vehicle accident. Failing to keep insurance (financial responsibility) (see Chapter 13). Changing the information on your license or using someone else’s license when you attempt to buy alcohol. Failing to appear for an exam when requested by the Driver License Bureau. Using a motor vehicle to commit a felony or causing the death of someone in a motor vehicle crash. Having too many points on your driving record (see Chapter 11). Letting someone else use your driver license. Failing to appear in court or pay traffic tickets in Missouri or other states. Failing to pay child support. Failing to use an ignition interlock device when required. Stealing fuel from a gas station. Possessing any intoxicating liquor if you are a minor. Submitting false proof of insurance. Failing to yield the right-of-way and causing injury or death. The Graduated Driver License (GDL) Law Missouri’s Graduated Driver License Law requires all first-time drivers under 18 years old to obtain an instruction permit and complete a period of driving with a licensed driver, followed by a period of restricted driving (intermediate license), before getting a full license. Studies from across the country show that deaths and serious injuries from traffic crashes involving young drivers decline by as much as 58 percent after a Graduated Driver License Law is implemented. Consider the instruction permit as Step One, the intermediate license as Step Two, and the full (Under 21) driver license as Step Three. The following are descriptions of each step to help you understand the GDL program. Step One: Instruction Permit Eligible Age: 15 See chart on Page 8 for cost. Valid: 0-12 months, based on document verification status To Obtain an Instruction Permit:   Pass the vision, road sign, and written tests.   A parent, stepparent, legal guardian, or certified trainer (with a federal residential job training program) must accompany you to the license office to sign a permission statement. Permit Notes:   Under age 16, you may drive only when accompanied in the front seat by a parent, stepparent, grandparent, legal guardian, qualified driving instructor, or a person who is at least 25 years of age who has been licensed for a minimum of three years and has received written permission from the parent or legal guardian. If your parent, stepparent, grandparent, or legal guardian is physically disabled, he or she may designate up to two persons to accompany you in the vehicle to provide behind-the-wheel instruction.   At age 16 or older, you may drive when accompanied in the front seat by a person who is at least 21 years old and has a valid driver license. Seat belts must be worn by the driver and all passengers.   Your test paper alone is not legal for driving. Be sure to carry your permit with you.   You may renew your instruction permit as many times as needed 15  without taking additional written tests.   Free “PERMIT DRIVER” window signs are available at all license offices. To Graduate to an Intermediate License: You must have an instruction permit for a minimum of six months (182 days) beginning the day after issuance. You must have completed 40 hours of driving instruction with a parent, stepparent, legal guardian, or certified trainer (with a federal residential job training program). The required 40 hours must include at least ten hours of nighttime driving. Step Two: Intermediate License Eligible Age: 16 to 18 See chart on Page 8 for cost. Valid: 0-2 years, based on document verification status To Obtain an Intermediate License: You must satisfy the requirements (listed in step one) to graduate from the instruction permit, and hold the instruction permit for at least six months (182 days) beginning the day after issuance. This includes having no alcohol-related convictions in the last 12 months and no traffic convictions in the last six months. A parent, grandparent, stepparent, legal guardian, or certified trainer (with a federal residential job training program) must accompany you to the license office to verify you have received 40 hours of driving instruction with your instruction permit. Pass the vision, road sign, and written tests (if applicable), if previous results are more than one year old. Pass the driving test. License Notes: Your test paper alone is not legal for driving. Be sure to carry your intermediate license with you. Seat belts must be worn by the driver and all passengers. Passenger restrictions outlined below may not be applicable to an intermediate license holder who is operating in agricultural work-related activities. Driving Restrictions: During the first six months, you may not operate a motor vehicle with more than one passenger who is under the age of 19 and who is not a member of your immediate family*. After the first six months, you may not operate a motor vehicle with more than three passengers who are under 19 years of age and who are not members of your immediate family*. You may not drive alone between 1:00 a.m. and 5:00 a.m. except to and from a school activity, job, or an emergency, unless accompanied by a licensed driver 21 years of age or older. * Immediate family shall include parents, grandparents, brothers, sisters, stepbrothers, stepsisters, and adopted or foster children residing in the driver’s household. Parent shall include a foster parent, stepparent or adoptive parent. Grandparent shall include a foster grandparent, step- grandparent or adoptive grandparent. If you are under 21 years of age, the Department will issue you a license identifying you as a minor. When you become 21 years old, you may apply and pay for another driver license (without the minor indication) or wait until 16 You are encouraged to study this Driver Guide before you attempt the written exam. Almost 50 percent of all test-takers fail the first time. You will have a much better chance of passing your test if you take time to review this guide. To Graduate to a Full Under-21 Driver License: Your driving privilege cannot be suspended, revoked, or denied at the time of application. You may not have any alcohol-related offenses or traffic convictions within the last 12 months. Step Three: Full Driver License (Under 21) Eligible Age: 18 See chart on Page 8 for cost. Valid: 0-3 years, based on document verification status To Obtain the Under-21 Full Driver License: You must satisfy the requirements for an intermediate license. This includes having no alcohol-related offenses or traffic convictions in the last 12 months.   Have a valid intermediate license. Your driving privilege cannot be suspended, revoked, or denied when you apply for a full driver license.   Pass the vision and road sign recognition tests. (You are not required to pass the written and driving tests if already completed.) A Checklist for You You must have the following documents with you when you apply for a Missouri driver license, instruction permit, or nondriver ID. Take all the documents with you to a license office when you apply for your license or permit. New Missouri Resident Transferring An Out-of-State Driver License (valid or expired no more than 184 days) Out-of-State driver license (valid or expired no more than 184 days)  Proof of lawful status, identity (must include full legal name and date of birth), social security number, name change if applicable, and Missouri residency* Note: If you are upgrading your driver license, take the above documents with you to a MSHP examination location when you take the written, vision, and road sign tests and/or driving test. First-Time Applicant  roof of lawful status, identity (must include full legal name and date of birth), P social security number, name change if applicable, and Missouri residency* Driver Examination Record (Form 100) indicating successful completion of tests (not required for nondriver ID) Renewal License All drivers renewing will have to show proof of lawful status, identity (must include full legal name and date of birth), social security number, name change if applicable, and Missouri residency* E  xemption: If you are renewing a non-commercial permit/driver license or nondriver ID and are age 65 or older may be exempt from presenting documents for place of birth. *Please refer to the complete list of acceptable documents for a REAL ID-compliant or non REAL ID-compliant document application on-line at www.dor.mo.gov. Note: Additional documents and verification of SSN may be required if the documentation submitted is questionable, or if the license office clerk or MSHP examiner has reason to question the validity or authenticity of the documents, or needs further verification. 17  Chapter 2 - The Driver Examination your under-21 driver license expires. The Driver Examination The driver examination consists of a four-part test: A written test on traffic laws and rules for safe driving A vision test A road sign test   A driving test (skills) You should be prepared to take the driver exam if: You are applying for a new Missouri driver license. Note: If you have a driver license from another state that is valid or has been expired for less than 184 days, and you are applying for the same type of license in Missouri, you only have to take the vision and road sign tests. Your Missouri driver license is expired for more than six months (184 days). The Director of Revenue asks you to take the exam, even if you have a current driver license. Your license was revoked because: ○ You have too many points on your driving record. ○ Because of an Administrative Alcohol action (see Chapter 10). Where to Take the Exam The MSHP administers the driver examination. To find the testing center nearest you, contact the MSHP or the Department. The phone numbers for the Department and MSHP are at the back of this guide. You can also find these locations on the MSHP website: http://www.mshp.dps.missouri.gov/ MSHPWeb/Root/index.html. Verification of Your Name and Age Before you can take the driver exam, you must prove your legal name and age. This identification must also be shown to the Department of Revenue when applying for a driver license or permit and any time you take the written or driving tests. (Refer to Chapter 1 for a list of acceptable documents for verification of name, date of birth, place of birth, social security number, and Missouri residential address.) Written Test Driver License (Class F) If you are applying for a Class F (operator) license, you must take a 25 question multiple-choice written test. The questions will be on the laws and methods of driving covered in this Guide. The test is NOT an open book test. You will not be tested on the information on commercial vehicles in Chapter 15. For-Hire License (Class E) If you are applying for a Class E (for-hire) license, you must take a special written test. The questions will be on the laws and methods of driving covered in this Guide but will also include the information on commercial vehicles found in Chapter 15. The test is NOT an open book test. Vision Test You must take an acuity vision test and a peripheral (side) vision test when 18 you apply for any new or renewal driver license or permit. The standard minimum acuity is at least 20/40 with either or both eyes. If you wear glasses or contact lenses, you may need them for the vision test. The standard minimum peripheral reading is at least 55 degrees in each eye or 85 degrees in one eye. If you are unable to meet the vision standards as required, you may be denied a license, or restrictions may be placed on your license. If you fail the standard vision test, the examiner will give you a vision exam form that your eye specialist or physician must fill out. If the physician prescribes glasses or contact lenses to correct your vision, you may have to wait for the glasses (or contact lenses) before the written and/or driving tests may be given. If both your natural and corrected acuity vision are worse than 20/160, or your peripheral combined is worse than 70 degrees, you cannot take the driving test and cannot have a driver license. Road Sign Test The road sign test will check your ability to recognize and understand traffic signs. Driving Test After you pass the written, vision, and road sign tests, you may then take the driving test. You will take the driving test with a driver license examiner of the MSHP. The examiner will check your vehicle for the required equipment. The examiner will also check your vehicle for its safe operating condition. You cannot take the test if the vehicle is not properly equipped, or the examiner believes that giving the test will be dangerous. You should take the test in a vehicle that is familiar to you. The vehicle must have: Current license plate(s) and a valid inspection sticker. Seat belts in proper working order. Doors in proper working order for the driver and examiner. A clean, safe seat for the examiner. Two sets of brakes (parking and a foot brake) in good working order. A horn in good working order. Proof of financial responsibility. You will drive, and the examiner will sit beside you. No one else may ride in the vehicle during the test. Avoid unnecessary conversation with the examiner, and focus on your driving. Remember the examiner’s job is to test, not to teach. You must obey all Missouri traffic laws at all times. The examiner will ask you to find and use the vehicle’s controls, such as the accelerator, brakes, turn signals, windshield wipers, etc. You will be tested for: Finding the control without searching. Using the control correctly. The examiner will ask you to start driving. You will be tested for: Starting the vehicle. Releasing the parking brake. Looking to see if the way is clear. 19  Giving the proper signal. Driving smoothly and at the correct speed. The examiner will tell you where to drive, turn, stop, etc. After the examiner tells you what to do, you will have enough time to look for traffic and to drive as asked. You will be asked to do the following: 1. Start and stop the vehicle. You will be tested for: The smoothness and safety of your starts and stops. Your reaction time. Your control of the vehicle when stopping. 2. Park parallel to the curb, in a space 25 feet long and seven feet wide. You will be tested for: The position of your vehicle before backing. Whether or not you bump into the space markers. Moving into the space smoothly and at the right speed. Parking no more than 18” from the curb. Parking near the center of the space. Ability to park the vehicle within two minutes. Turning the wheels in the correct direction for parking. Checking traffic and signaling before you leave the parking space. 3. Backing. You will be tested for: Looking over your right shoulder to see through the rear glass. Whether your vehicle backs in a straight line or weaves. Staying in the proper lane of traffic. Backing at the right speed. 4. Make at least two right and two left turns. You will be tested for: Driving in the correct lane for turning. Giving the proper turn signal at the proper time. Turning into the proper lane. Making proper traffic checks. Turning at the right speed. Your control of the vehicle. 5. Park on a hill. You will be tested for: Your control of the vehicle. Parking no more than 18” from the curb. Leaving your vehicle in park or the correct gear. Turning the front wheels in the correct direction for parking. Setting the parking brake. Checking traffic and signaling. 6. Enter and leave intersections. You will be tested for: Understanding and obeying the traffic signs and lights. Your speed when approaching an intersection. Your awareness of the traffic around you. Driving in the correct lane. Yielding the right-of-way without blocking traffic. Making a full stop at the proper place at stop signs. 20 7. Understand and obey traffic signs and signals. You will be tested for: Noticing and obeying traffic signs and signals. The examiner will watch for your use of good driving rules. You will be tested for:   The distance between your vehicle and the vehicle in front of you.   Your speed while driving.   Driving in the proper lane and obeying lane markings.   Your awareness of the traffic around you.   Yielding the right-of-way when necessary. Your Grade Throughout the driving test, the examiner will subtract points for any driving errors you make. If you lose more than 30 points, you will fail the test. You will also fail the test if you:   Are in a crash with another vehicle and it is your fault;   Hit a pedestrian;   Drive so dangerously you might have caused a traffic crash;   Violate a traffic law; or   Refuse to drive as the examiner asks. When you pass the driving skills test, you will be given a form with your test results. Before you drive, you must apply and obtain a license at a license office. The test result form itself is not valid for driving. Failing the Driving Test If you fail the driving test, the examiner will suggest that you practice before retaking the test. You may take only one driving test per day. If you fail the driving test three times, no further tests will be allowed without written authorization from the Department. The driver examiner will give you a form that you must send to the Department. After you send the form to the Department, you will receive a letter from the Department requiring additional behind-the-wheel driver training. You must send proof of the additional driver training before you will be allowed to take the driving test again. Fraud It is a crime to commit fraud. Anyone who makes a false unsworn statement or affidavit or who commits or assists another person in committing fraud or deception during any examination process for a Missouri license, permit, or nondriver ID, is guilty of fraud. Fraud is a Class “A” misdemeanor that may result in the loss of your driving privilege for up to one year. 21  Chapter 3 - Rules of the Road Some examples of fraud could include cheating, or using or attempting to use any recording, photographic, or two-way communicating device during any testing process. Your highest duty as a motorist is to drive your vehicle carefully and prudently. Your speed and manner of driving must create a safe environment for yourself and other road users, including pedestrians, cyclists, and other motorists. Right-of-Way Where vehicles or pedestrians are likely to meet one another, and there are no signs or signals to regulate traffic, there are rules that say who must yield the right-of-way. These rules tell drivers who goes first and who must wait in different traffic situations. The law says who must yield the right-of-way; it does not give any driver the right-of-way. You must do everything you can to prevent striking a pedestrian or another vehicle, regardless of the circumstances. Passing Passing is a dangerous maneuver where the dangers are compounded by intersections, other vehicles within an intersection and two-lane roads (Refer to No Passing Zones in Chapter 3). If you are caught speeding or passing in a construction zone or work zone on Missouri state roadways, you could be fined a minimum of $250 for the first offense and a minimum of $300 for a second or subsequent offense in addition to any other fine authorized by law according to Section 304.582, RSMo. Use the same care when passing a pedestrian or cyclist as when passing a motor vehicle. You may need to slow down and wait for a safe opportunity to pass a pedestrian or cyclist, just as you would for any other slow-moving traffic. Passing on the Right The driver of a motor vehicle may overtake and pass to the right of another vehicle only under the following conditions: When the vehicle overtaken is making or about to make a left turn; Upon a city street with unobstructed pavement of sufficient width for two or more lines of vehicles in each direction; Upon a one-way street; or Upon any highway outside of a city with unobstructed pavement of sufficient width and clearly marked for four or more lanes of traffic. In no event shall such movement be made by driving off the paved or main traveled portion of the roadway (shoulder). Passing on the Left No vehicle shall at any time be driven to the left side of the roadway under the following conditions when: Approaching the crest of a grade or upon a curve of the highway where the driver’s view is obstructed within such distance as to create a hazard in the event another vehicle might approach from the opposite direction; The view is obstructed upon approaching within 100 feet of any bridge, 22  viaduct, or tunnel; Approaching within 100 feet of or at any intersection or railroad grade crossing; or There is a solid yellow line. Intersections The following right-of-way rules apply at intersections: Drivers must yield where necessary to avoid striking pedestrians who are legally crossing the road; Drivers crossing a sidewalk, entering or exiting a driveway, alley, or parking lot must yield to pedestrians. It is illegal to drive on a sidewalk except to cross; Drivers turning left must yield to oncoming vehicles going straight; At a four-way stop, the driver reaching the intersection first may proceed before the other drivers (after coming to a complete stop); Drivers entering a road from a driveway, alley, or roadside must yield to vehicles already on the main road; At an intersection where there is no stop sign or traffic signal (with the exception of roundabouts), drivers must yield to vehicles coming from the right; and When approaching a roundabout intersection, always yield to traffic in the circle and pedestrians in the crosswalks. Wait for a gap in traffic before entering. Emergency Vehicles You must yield the right-of-way to police, fire, ambulance, or any other emergency vehicles using a siren or air horn, and a red or blue flashing light. Pull over to the right edge of the road, or as near to the right as possible, when you see or hear an emergency vehicle approaching from any direction. If you are in an intersection, drive through the intersection before you pull over. Remain stopped until the emergency vehicle passes. Follow any instructions given over the emergency vehicle’s loudspeaker. Emergency vehicles may follow each other so proceed only when the way is clear. When approaching a stationary emergency vehicle displaying lighted red or red and blue lights, you must: Proceed with caution, and if it is safe to do so, make a lane change into a lane not adjacent to the stationary vehicle (if on a roadway having at least four lanes with not less than two lanes proceeding in the same direction as the approaching vehicle); or Proceed with due caution and reduce the speed of the vehicle, maintaining a safe speed for road conditions, if changing lanes would be unsafe or impossible. For more information regarding the “Move Over Law” see page 93. School Buses When a school bus stops to load or unload school children, the driver activates the mechanical and electrical signaling devices to notify other drivers of an impending stop. Amber warning lights will flash 500 feet before the bus comes to a designated stop. When the school bus is stopped, the alternate flashing red lights and the stop signal arm are 23 activated. Oncoming and following traffic must stop before they reach the bus when these signals are activated. You must stop: On a two-lane road where the vehicles travel in either direction. On a two-lane road that is a one way street. No driver of a school bus shall take on or discharge passengers at any location upon a highway consisting of four or more lanes of traffic, whether or not divided by a median or barrier, in such a manner as to require the passengers to cross more than two lanes of traffic. The following are situations when you do not have to stop: When you are traveling the opposite direction of a school bus on a highway divided by a median where the vehicles traveling one direction are on a totally separate road from the vehicles traveling the opposite direction; When you are traveling the opposite direction of a school bus on a highway containing four or more lanes of traffic; or When a school bus is stopped in a loading zone (at a school) where students are not permitted to cross the roadway. After stopping for a school bus that is unloading school children, watch for school children walking along the side of the road. You must remain stopped until the bus moves or the bus driver signals for you to proceed. Proceed with caution. Hand and Vehicle Signals Before you stop, turn or change lanes, let the other drivers know what you are going to do by signaling. You can signal with your hand and arm or with your vehicle’s turn signals and brake lights. You should signal at least 100 feet before you turn so the other drivers can be ready. Check your vehicle’s turn signals often to ensure they are working properly. The pictures below show the correct hand signals to use when turning or stopping. Turns As a good driver, you should get into the proper turn lane and signal at least 100 feet before you turn. Before you make any turn, you should look both ways for oncoming traffic or pedestrians. If there are no signs or lane markings to control turning, you should turn from the lane that is closest to the direction you want to go, and turn into the lane closest to the one you came from. This way, you will cross the fewest lanes of traffic. When making turns, go from one lane to the other as smoothly as possible without crossing lane lines or interfering with traffic. Once you have completed your turn, you can change to another lane if you need to. 24 U-Turns You should only make a U-turn when it is safe. U-turns should not be made on any curve or near the crest of a hill when your vehicle may not be seen by other drivers. Some towns and cities do not allow U-turns. Never make a U-turn at a location that is marked with a “No U-Turn” sign or at an intersection controlled by a traffic signal or police officer. Right Turns On right turns, avoid swinging wide to the left before turning. If you swing wide, the driver behind you may think you are changing lanes or going to turn left, and may try to pass you on the right. If you swing wide as you complete the turn, drivers who are in the far lane will not expect to see you there and you could cause a crash. Left Turns When making a left turn, avoid cutting the corner so sharply that you run into someone approaching from the left. However, you must leave room for oncoming vehicles to turn left in front of you. One-Way Street onto a Two-Way Street Begin the turn in the left lane. Enter the two- way road to the right of its yellow dividing line. If the two-way road is a four-lane road, you may enter it in the right lane if that lane is free of traffic. Two-Way Street Onto a One-Way Street Begin the turn with your left wheel as close as possible to the yellow dividing line. If the one-way road has two lanes, turn into its left lane or right lane, whichever is free of traffic. Two-Way Street onto a Two-Way Street Begin the turn with your left wheels as close as possible to the yellow dividing line. Enter the road to the right of its center line. If the road onto which you are turning is a four-lane road, you may enter it in the right lane if the right lane is free of traffic. 25 Multiple Left-Turn Lanes Some streets may have more than one lane marked for left turns. If you are turning from the left side, left-turn lane, enter the left lane on the right of the yellow dividing line. If you are turning from the right side, left-turn lane, enter the right lane. Two-Way Left-Turn Lanes Some streets have a center lane marked as a two-way left-turn lane. Only enter this lane when preparing to slow down or stop before making a left turn from the main roadway. Do not use this lane as travel lane (a vehicle may not travel in this lane for more than 500 feet), and do not use this lane when entering the roadway from a side street. Roundabout Intersections General Information Roundabouts are a traffic control device that may be used as an alternative to signalized and all-way stop intersections. Statistically roundabouts are safer than traditional intersections because they reduce fatal and injury crashes by reduction of speeds and removing left-turns in front of opposing traffic. A roundabout uses a circular island in the center to control the flow of traffic through the intersection. Roundabouts feature yield traffic signs at all entering roadway legs. Yield control creates efficient traffic flow and often less delay at the intersection. They reduce pollution and fuel use due to fewer stops and hard accelerations. At a roundabout, drivers who approach the intersection make a slight right turn to go counterclockwise around a circular center island. The driver may then either exit the roundabout onto a different roadway, or continue on the same roadway. When approaching a roundabout, always yield to traffic in the circle, bicyclists, and pedestrians in the crosswalks. Approaching the roundabout: Slow down before entering the roundabout. For multi-lane roundabouts, observe roadside signs and pavement markings to direct you into the correct lane. Look to your left as you drive towards the entrance, yield to traffic already in the roundabout, bicyclists, and pedestrians in the crosswalk. Enter when there is a gap in traffic and merge with the other flow of vehicles. NEVER make a left turn to enter a roundabout. 26 Traveling through a roundabout: Always stay to the right of the center island. Vehicles within the roundabout have the right of way. DO NOT stop within a roundabout unless it is the only way to avoid a crash. DO NOT change lanes within a roundabout. Give special consideration to trucks, trailers and other large vehicles. They may need to utilize more than one lane within a roundabout. DO NOT attempt to pass any vehicles especially large trucks. If you miss your exit, continue through the roundabout until you reach your appropriate exit. When exiting, watch for pedestrians and bicyclists crossing the street. Exiting the roundabout: Maintain a slow speed to avoid losing control or striking traffic islands. Use your right turn signal to let others know you are exiting. Do not accelerate until you are beyond the pedestrian crossing at the exit. Emergency Vehicles Always yield to emergency vehicles. DO NOT enter a roundabout if an emergency vehicle is approaching. NEVER stop while inside a roundabout. If an emergency vehicle approaches while you are in the roundabout, exit immediately and pull to the right. Truck Apron Large trucks need more space when driving in a roundabout. A truck apron, also known as off-tracking, is the paved area on the inside of the roundabout for the rear wheels of large trucks to use when turning. Truck aprons are not to be used by cars, SUVs or pickup trucks. J-Turn Intersections The J-turn is an alternative to traditional roadway intersections on a four-lane highway. Instead of motorists crossing fast-moving lanes of traffic to get to the opposing lanes, drivers at a J-turn intersection turn right in the same direction of traffic, merge into the far left lane, and then make a left turn in the direction they intend to travel. Local Ordinances Local governments may make traffic ordinances in addition to laws made by the state. You must obey any traffic sign or regulation whether set by a municipality, county, or the state. Cities and towns may have regulations to do the following: Set speed limits; Set one-way streets; Set stop signs at intersections; Prohibit commercial vehicles from using certain streets; Control parking by installing meters or by some other reasonable method; Control turns; Require the use of turn signals, brake lights, and horns on all motor vehicles; and/or Prohibit the use of sound-producing warning devices. 27  Chapter 4 - Sharing The Road Sharing The Road With Motorcycles Some things you should know when sharing the road with motorcycles: Motorcycles are often overlooked by motorists. It is not always easy to judge the speed or distance of a motorcycle. On residential streets, especially those with parked cars, travel at or below the speed limit, depending on sight distance. Motorcyclists change speed and lane position when encountering bad road conditions, such as manhole covers, diagonal railroad tracks, road debris, or in strong winds. Be ready to react. You should not share a lane with a motorcycle. The motorcyclist needs the entire lane for safety reasons. When you are passing, give motorcycles a full lane width. Do not squeeze past these road users. Wait for a clear stretch of road before passing a cyclist in a lane too narrow to share. Safety Tips for Motorcycle Riders The law requires you to wear a helmet. Wearing a safety-certified helmet can prevent serious head injuries or death. Be sure your motorcycle is in safe condition and has all the equipment required by law. Make sure motorists see you. Wear bright colored clothes and stay out of a vehicle’s blind spots. Use proper lights and reflectors when riding after dark. Make sure you signal before you slow down, change lanes or turn. Before merging, changing lanes, or turning, scan behind and in front to ensure that it is safe to make this maneuver. Do so in plenty of time and in cooperation with other drivers who will be affected by your move. If it is not safe, continue on a straight course and scan repeatedly. Only move once it is safe. Be careful when passing to the left of a parked or moving vehicle. You should leave three to four feet of clearance to avoid suddenly opened car doors or to allow for a vehicle to swerve. Be extra careful at intersections. Do not assume your right-of-way when there is a vehicle approaching. Be aware that motor vehicle drivers may not see you approaching the intersection, or may believe that you are moving at a slower speed than you are. Keep a steady line and be predictable as a courtesy to other traffic and to increase your personal safety. Motorcycle Drivers Need a Driver License To drive any motorcycle on the public streets, you must have a valid driver license with a motorcycle endorsement or a motorcycle license. Sharing The Road With Large Trucks Trucks are not large cars. Whether they are accelerating, braking, climbing a hill, switching lanes, or turning onto a side street, tractor-trailer trucks must perform certain maneuvers that drivers of automobiles do not. 28 A typical tractor-trailer combination, a power unit pulling a loaded semi- trailer hinged to its rear end, may weigh up to 80,000 pounds. Depending on the trailer length, the total length of the combination may exceed 90 feet. On the busiest intercity routes, a motorist may encounter double or even triple-trailer combinations sometimes exceeding 100 feet in length. Any motorist who has driven behind one of these trucks at a traffic light knows that a semi-trailer combination accelerates slowly. The truck may have to go through ten gears to reach the speed limit. The truck may have two- or three-times more power under the hood than a car does, but with up to 70,000 pounds of trailer and cargo behind it, a truck engine must move 30 or 40 times more weight than a car engine. (Published with permission from John Deere Transportation Services, Sharing the Road, Deere & Co., 1996.) To improve safety for all road users, please consider this information. D o not enter a roadway in front of a large vehicle. Avoid changing lanes in front of a large vehicle if you are turning off the roadway. If you are driving behind a truck or a bus and cannot see the driver in his or her rearview mirrors, the driver of that vehicle cannot see you. A truck or bus has blind spots on each side, in the rear and in the front where an automobile cannot be seen. These blind spots are referred to as the “No-Zone.” Do not drive in the No-Zone except when absolutely necessary. You should not drive alongside large vehicles for prolonged periods at any time. Tailgating a truck is also dangerous. Leave any large vehicle a cushion of safety. It takes longer to pass a truck. After you pass, make sure you can see the cab of the truck in your rearview mirror before reentering the lane. Maintain your speed and signal when reentering the lane. Do not slow down once you are in front of the truck. When traveling up or down steep grades, large vehicles must drive slowly in the right lane. Avoid driving your car in the right lane going up or down hills on divided or multi-lane roadways when interacting with large trucks. When you are near truck weigh stations, avoid driving in the right lane so slow-moving trucks can easily merge back onto the roadway. Vehicles carrying hazardous materials must stop at all railroad crossings. Be prepared. Because of their size, large trucks may swing out to the left as the first step in making a right turn. When following a tractor-trailer, observe its turn signals before trying to pass. Tractor-trailers take longer to stop than cars traveling at the same speed. The average passenger car traveling at 55 mph can stop in about 130 140 feet, almost half the length of a football field. A fully loaded tractor- trailer may take almost 400 feet to come to a complete stop. Cutting off a truck in traffic or on the highway is particularly dangerous. If you need to make a turn or lane change, take a moment to slow down and turn behind the truck—it will only take you a few extra seconds. 29  Never underestimate the size and speed of an approaching tractor-trailer. Because of its large size, a tractor-trailer often appears to be traveling more slowly than its actual speed. Car-truck collisions can occur at intersections when the driver of the car does not realize how close the truck is or how quickly it is approaching. Sharing The Road With Pedestrians As soon as you step out of your vehicle, you become a pedestrian. As a pedestrian, you should know your rights and responsibilities, and as a driver you should know the law when pedestrians are around. As a pedestrian, you should know... When you are facing a “Walk” signal or a green light, you have the right-of-way. You may begin to cross the road after you make sure all drivers see you and stop for you. Do not begin to cross the street when you are facing a “Don’t Walk” signal or a red or yellow light. If the flashing “Don’t Walk” sign appears when you are crossing the street, you may finish crossing the street. You should cross the road at an intersection or a crosswalk when: You are in a business district. You are between two closely spaced intersections with traffic lights. Otherwise, you may cross the road in the middle of the block without a crosswalk being careful when stepping out between two parked vehicles. You must yield the right-of-way to all traffic when crossing in the middle of a block. Walk facing traffic when no sidewalk is available. You should not stand in a traffic lane to speak to a driver for any length of time, as this could cause an crash. Instead, you should wait for the driver to pull over to a safe parking spot, and you should remain on the curb side of the vehicle. As a Driver, You Should Know... In some situations, pedestrians are required by law to yield to vehicles. In other situations, vehicles are required to yield to pedestrians. In all situations, whether the pedestrians are obeying the law or not, you must drive carefully, reduce your speed if needed, and do your best to avoid endangering pedestrians. Even when you are facing a green light you must yield the right-of-way to all pedestrians in the intersection. Never assume you have the right-of-way. Do not assume pedestrians see you and will stop for you. Do not pass a vehicle that has stopped or slowed down for a pedestrian. Watch out for kids. Children will run out into the road without looking for traffic. So, be extra careful when you drive near schools, playgrounds, parks, or in residential areas. You must obey a slower speed limit in a school zone when lights are flashing or children are present. At a school crossing where there is a traffic patrol, stop and yield if a traffic patrol member signals you to do so. 30 The following laws or rules also apply: Drivers must always yield the right-of-way to persons who are blind. When a pedestrian is crossing a street or highway guided by a dog or carrying a white cane (or a white cane with a red tip), vehicles must come to a complete stop. Drivers must yield when a pedestrian is in a marked or unmarked crosswalk on or approaching their side of the road. As you prepare for a right turn, especially on a red traffic signal, be cautious of pedestrians (or bicyclists) approaching on your right. Drivers should not block the crosswalk when stopped at a red traffic signal. Drivers should not cross a sidewalk or crosswalk without first yielding to pedestrians Sharing the Road with Mopeds and Bicycles Some things you should know when sharing the road with mopeds or bicycles: Most collisions with bicycles and mopeds happen at intersections, where smaller, slower bicycles and mopeds are especially easy to overlook. Scan carefully for bicycles and mopeds before proceeding through an intersection, giving them the same consideration you would any other vehicle. Bicycles are often overlooked by motorists. It is not always easy to judge the speed or distance of a bicycle. Crashes with wrong-way bicyclists frequently occur when a motorist wants to turn right onto a main road and is only looking left for approaching traffic. Be sure to look right and check for wrong-way bicyclists on the road or sidewalk before proceeding. On residential streets, especially those with parked cars, travel at or below the speed limit. If you are following a bicyclist and need to make a right turn, slow down and remain behind the cyclist until you are able to turn. Cyclists often travel at surprisingly fast speeds. If you need to make a left turn, yield to oncoming bicyclists unless you are absolutely sure you can make the turn before the cyclist reaches the intersection. Bicyclists change speed and lane position when encountering bad road conditions, such as manhole covers, diagonal railroad tracks, drain grates, road debris, or in strong winds. Be ready to react. When you are passing, give bicycles and mopeds a full lane width. Do not squeeze past these road users. The bicycle is generally a slow moving vehicle and this may require you to slow down. Wait for a clear stretch of road before passing a cyclist in a lane too narrow to share. Check for passing bicyclists before opening your car door into a traffic lane or bicycle lane. A bicycle lane is a portion of a roadway designated by striping to be used by bicycles. You may cross a bicycle lane when turning or when entering or leaving the roadway. You must yield to bicyclists in a bicycle lane. Where to Ride Mopeds and Bicycles On public streets and highways, you have the same rights and responsibilities as a motor vehicle operator. Always ride with traffic, never against it. When operating at less than the posted speed or traffic flow, generally ride as 31 near to the right side of the roadway as is safe. The right edge of the road often has hazards like ditches, gutters, sand, and gravel shoulders. Leave space between yourself and these hazards as needed for safety. You may move more toward the middle or left of the lane or roadway, as appropriate when: Making a left turn; Avoiding hazards; The lane is too narrow to share with another vehicle; or There is a right-turn-only lane and you are going straight. Always check traffic, and signal before changing lanes or changing your position within a lane. On a one-way street, bicyclists may also choose to ride as far left as is safe. The law does not allow you to ride a moped on any part of the federal interstate highway system. Safety Tips for Moped and Bicycle Riders State law does not require you to wear a helmet. However, wearing a safety-certified helmet can prevent serious head injuries or death. Be sure your bike is in safe condition and has all the equipment required by law. Make sure motorists see you. Wear bright colored clothes and stay out of a vehicle’s blind spots. Use proper lights and reflectors when riding after dark. Make sure you signal before you slow down, change lanes, or turn. Before merging, changing lanes, or turning, scan behind and in front to ensure that it is safe to make this maneuver. Do so in plenty of time and in cooperation with other drivers who will be affected by your move. If it is not safe, continue on a straight course and scan repeatedly and only move once it is safe. In conditions of heavy traffic, less proficient bicyclists may find it easier to wait near the curb for a safe gap to appear. Be careful when passing to the left of a parked or moving vehicle. You should leave three to four feet of clearance to avoid suddenly-opened car doors or to allow for a vehicle to swerve. Be extra careful at intersections. Do not assume your right-of-way when there is a vehicle approaching. Be aware that motor vehicle drivers may not see you approaching the intersection, or may believe that you are moving at a slower speed than you are. Keep a steady line, and be predictable as a courtesy to other traffic and to increase your personal safety. For teen and adult bicyclists, studies show that riding on the street with traffic, not against it (following the same traffic rules that other vehicles do), is far safer than riding on the sidewalk. Moped Drivers Need a Driver License To drive any motorized bicycle such as a moped on the public streets, you must have a valid driver license. A motorized bicycle is defined as any two- wheeled or three-wheeled device having an automatic transmission and a motor with a cylinder capacity of not more than 50 cubic centimeters, which produces less than three gross brake horsepower, and is capable of 32 propelling the device at a maximum speed of not more than 30 miles per hour on level ground. Equipment Required on Mopeds and Bicycles You do not have to register your moped or bicycle and it does not have to be inspected. However, Missouri law requires certain equipment on mopeds and bicycles. Brakes — Your brakes must be able to stop you within 25 feet when traveling ten mph. Lights and Reflectors — The number of bicycle-auto crashes rises dramatically between sunset and sunrise. Almost all such crashes can be prevented with proper bicycle lights and reflectors. You must have the following lights and reflectors when riding your bicycle from ½ hour after sunset until ½ hour before sunrise: A White Light on the front of your bicycle or carried by you that other drivers can see from 500 feet. A Rear Red Reflector, at least two square inches, or a Rear Red Light that drivers can see when reflected by their vehicles’ low beam headlights at 600 feet. Reflective Material or Lights on the pedals, crank arms, shoes, or lower legs that drivers can see when reflected by their vehicles’ low beam headlights at 200 feet. Reflective Material and/or Lights on Each Side of the Bicycle or bicyclist that drivers can see when reflected by their vehicles’ low beam headlights at 300 feet. This does not apply to mopeds that comply with the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Regulations. Sharing the Road with Electric Bicycles An electric bicycle as defined in 301.010 RSMo is a bicycle equipped with fully operable pedals, a saddle or seat for the rider, and an electric motor of less than 750 watts that meets the requirements of one of the three classes: Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling and that cease to provide assistance when the bicycle reaches the speed of twenty miles per hour. Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a motor used exclusively to propel the bicycle and that is not capable of providing assistance when the bicycle reaches the speed of twenty miles per hour. Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling and that ceases to provide assistance when the bicycle reaches the speed of twenty-eight miles per hour. Operation of an electric bicycle as defined by 301.010 RSMo does not require the rider to hold an operator license or motorcycle license. Funeral Processions If you are driving a vehicle in a funeral procession, you should follow the vehicle in front of you as closely as is practical and safe. Every vehicle in the procession must use its flashing emergency lights. An organized funeral procession has the right-of-way at all intersections regardless of any traffic control device, except for emergency vehicles or when directed otherwise by law enforcement officials. 33 The following rules apply to all drivers not involved in an organized funeral procession. Do not drive between the vehicles that are part of the procession when they are in motion. Do not join a funeral procession for the purpose of obtaining the right-of-way. Do not attempt to pass any vehicle in the procession except where a passing lane has been specifically provided. Do not enter an intersection in which a procession is going through a red signal light, unless you may do so without crossing the path of the funeral procession. Road Rage Road rage is an uncontrolled display of anger by the operator of a motor vehicle (usually in response to another driver’s actions), which can result in property damage or personal injury. Drivers prone to road rage are usually aggressive individuals who fail to follow courteous driving practices. Some examples of behavior associated with road rage include: – Beeping the horn – Pursuing another vehicle – Flashing the headlights – Making aggressive gestures – Forcing another vehicle to pull over – Verbally abusing another driver – Bumping into another vehicle – Tailgating another vehicle – Threatening another driver – Braking or slowing suddenly – Damaging a vehicle intentionally – Deliberate obstruction – Assaulting another driver – “Cutting off” or swerving As our society has become more accustomed to it, road rage has become a “normal” part of our driving environment. These habits can be unlearned, but it takes self discipline on the part of drivers. When confronted with any of the behaviors associated with road rage, you should try to... Remain calm and do not react with similar behavior. Identify the location (for example: intersection, mile marker, direction the vehicle was traveling, etc.). Get a physical description of the driver. Get a description of the vehicle (approximate year, make, model, color, license plate number, etc.). Report the incident to the nearest local authorities as soon as possible. If you have a cellular phone, exit the roadway to a safe area and dial *55 (or 911 if you are in a metropolitan area). Drunk Drivers If you believe you have seen a drunk driver, tell the police immediately. You may be saving someone’s life. Helpful information to provide the officer includes the license plate number of the vehicle, a physical description of the car and driver, and the vehicle’s location. About Littering Littering is against the law. It is unsightly and may cause a traffic crash. For example, a lit cigarette thrown out a car window can be blown into the vehicle behind you, causing property damage or personal injury. If a judge finds you guilty of littering, you may have to pay up to a $1,000 fine and/or spend up to one year in jail. 34  Chapter 5 - Parking Drivers are responsible for making sure their vehicles do not become hazards after they have been parked. Whenever you park your vehicle, be sure it is in a place that is far enough from any travel lane to avoid interfering with traffic and visible to vehicles approaching from either direction. Always park in a designated area if possible. On one-way streets, you may normally park on either the right or left side of the street.  Always set your parking brake when you park. Leave the vehicle in gear if it has a manual transmission, or in park if it has an automatic transmission.  Check traffic before you open the door. Get out of the vehicle on the curb side if you can. If you have to use the street side, check traffic before you get out. Always have passengers, especially children, exit the vehicle on the curb side. Check for bicyclists, who often travel on the right-hand side of the travel lanes, near parked cars. Shut the door as soon as you can after getting out.  Never leave the keys in a parked vehicle. Lock the doors whenever you leave your vehicle if it will be out of your sight at any time.  If you must park on a roadway, park your vehicle