Digital Brainstorm: Surgical Instruments Classification PDF

Digital BRAINST ORM  e n d Ag 1.Classification Of Instruments a 2.Function of each instrument according to classification.  1.Dissecting 4. Clamping and and Occluding...

Digital BRAINST ORM  e n d Ag 1.Classification Of Instruments a 2.Function of each instrument according to classification.  1.Dissecting 4. Clamping and and Occluding Cutting Classificati 5. Retracting 2. Debulking on of and Exposing INSTRUME 3. Grasping NTS 6. Closure and and Holding Approximation  7. Viewing 10. Measuring 8. Aspiration, Classificati 11. Accesory Instillation and Irrigation on of INSTRUME 9. Dilating NTS and Probing  1.D I S S E C T I N G A N D C U TT I N G 1.Blunt dissection instruments are used to push or peel soft tissue away from another surface.Examples are penfield or Freer elevators used to strip muscle and periosteum from bony surfaces. 2.Dissecting instruments may have a cutting edge and come in a variety of designs. Examples include curettes, cone tip dissectors, and biopsy forceps. 3.Cutting and dissecting instruments are used to incise, dissect, and  2. D E B U L K I N G 1.The purpose of these instruments is to decrease the bulk of firm tissue and not necessarily cut along defined tissue planes. 2. Debulking instruments include curettes, chisels, osteotomes, gouges, rasps, and files  3. G RA S P I N G A N D HOLDING 1. Grasping and holding instruments are designed to grip and manipulate body tissues. 2. They are often used to stabilize tissue that is to be excised, dissected, repaired, or sutured. 3.Tissue forceps are the nonratcheted style and are often referred to as pickups or thumbs. 4.The tips may be smooth or serrated and may have interlocking  4. CL AM P I N G A N D O C C LU D I N G 1. Instruments that clamp and occlude are used to apply pressure. 2.Some clamps are designed to crush the structure as the instrument is applied and are considered traumatic. 3.Other clamps are noncrushing (atraumatic) and are used to occlude or secure tissue, which is restored to patency at some point during the surgical procedure.  4. CL AM P I N G A N D O C C LU D I N G 4. Common examples of tissue forceps are DeBakey, Adson, Cushing, Russian, and Ferris-Smith. 5. The ratcheted type of grasping forceps can be curved or straight; the jaws may be smooth or serrated and have interlocking teeth or sharp prongs. 6. Some examples are the Kocher forceps, Allis forceps, bone-holding  5. R E T RA C T I N G A N D EXPOSING 1. Retracting and exposing instruments are designed to hold back or pull aside wound edges, organs, vessels, nerves, and other tissues to gain access and exposure to the operative site. 2. It’s either manual (handheld) or self retaining (stay open on their own) or bed mounted retractors. 3. Retractors have one or more blades.  5. RETRACTING AND EXPOSING self retaining (stay open on their own) manual Bed mounted (handheld) retractors  A N U A L ( H A N D H E L D ) M 1. Most have ergonomic handle and blade. 2. Vary in width and length. 3.Curved or angled blade for body wall retraction ( i.e. Mayo, Richardson or kelly ) 4.Fenestrated ( i.e. Lung retractor ) 5.Pronged ( Freeman Facelift Retractor ) - prongs can be dull or sharp.  SELF R E TA I N I N G RE T R A C T O R 1. Holding devices with two or more flat or hooked blades can be inserted to spread the edges of an incision and hold them apart. ( i.e. Rib spreader ) 2. May have shallow or deep blades. 3.Have ratchets or spring locks ( to keep the device open ) or wing nut ( secure the blades ).  BE D M O U N T E D RE T RA C T O R S 1. Some self retaining retractor can be attached to the OR for stability when long surgical incision is planned - prevent fatigue. 2.Packaged and sterilized separately in one or two trays. 3.All parts are counted items. 4.Component parts include connecting rachets , mounting frame for the blades, upright post.  6. C LO S U R E A N D APPR O X I M A T I O N 1.Instruments for suture and staple placement. i. Needle holder ii. Clip Applier iii. Staplers iv. Internal stapler ( Terminal End Stapler , Internal Anastomosis Staplers , End-to-end Circular staplers  7. V I E W I N G 1.Viewing instruments allow visualization of a structure or cavity. 2.Various examples include the speculum, ridged and flexible endoscopes, and endoscopic camera.  8. ASP I R A T I O N , INSTILL A T I O N A N D I R R I G A T I O N 1. Used to remove blood, fluid, tissue , irrigating solution from operative sites by mechanical suction or manual aspiration. 2.These suction tips may be disposable or nondisposable and come in a variety of shapes and sizes according to use. 3.Some examples of these hollow tips include the Yankauer, Frazier, Poole, and Baron  8. ASP I R A T I O N , INSTILL A T I O N A N D I R R I G A T I O N Aspiration : 1. Involves the application of negative pressure ( less than atmospheric pressure ) for evacuating blood fluids, usually for visibility at the surgical site.  AT I N G A N D P R O B I N G 9. D I L 1.A probe is used to explore a path in the structure or to locate an obstruction. 2.Probes are used to explore the depth of a wound or trace the path of a fistula. 3.Probes and dilation instruments used as tunneling devices can make a passage under the skin for a vascular graft or shunt.  10. M E A S U R I N G 1. Used to measure parts of the patient’s body. 2. Some of these devices are used to determine the precise size needed for an implant, such as a joint or breast prosthesis.  11. A C C E S O RY 1.An accessory is an instrument that does not fall into any of the other classification/categories but has a specific function and is an integral part of the surgical procedure. 2.Many accessories are used in addition to the basic instruments. 3. For example, a mallet may be needed to drive a cutting instrument into bone, electrosurgical pencil, lens warmer, screwdriver, or  THANK YOU! www.reallygreatsite.com