DAT BIO Practice Exam PDF

8/29/24, 12:09 AM DAT BIO practice exams all Flashcards | Quizlet Which organelle would be strongly expressed in cells that produce and export a large...

8/29/24, 12:09 AM DAT BIO practice exams all Flashcards | Quizlet Which organelle would be strongly expressed in cells that produce and export a large amount of protein hormones? A. Central vacuole B. Golgi apparatus B. Golgi apparatus C. Mitochondria D. Lysosomes E. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum All of the following are assumptions in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION? A. No mutations C. Equal inflow and outflow of individuals B. No natural selection C. Equal inflow and outflow of individuals D. Random mating E. Sufficiently large population "Large Random M&M" hard weinberg mneumonic Large populations to minimize the effects of genetic drift. Random mating: Individuals do not seek a particular type of individual to mate with, i.e. they do not mate only with nearby individuals or express sexual selection. No mutation: There cannot be any mutations to introduce new alleles into the population. No natural selection: Evolution must not be occurring. No migration: There is no gene flow, meaning that the population must be isolated. Which ion is regulated by the sarcoplasmic reticulum? A. Sodium B. Potassium C. Calcium C. Calcium D. Chlorine E. Magnesium Why does yeast undergo fermentation in the absence of oxygen? A. Produce ethanol to serve as an electron donor D. Oxidize NADH to NAD+ B. Regenerate FADH2 C. Release O2 D. Oxidize NADH to NAD+ An experiment is designed to track the movement of DNA within a cell. Which radioactive isotope would be the most useful to mark a nucleic acid? A. 32P A. 32P B. 35S C. 15N D. 13C E. 15O Which of the following is derived from the endoderm? A. Neural tube B. Lens of the eye E. Pancreas C. Dermis D. Muscles E. Pancreas https://quizlet.com/931594630/dat-bio-practice-exams-all-flash-cards?funnelUUID=08881b27-95c7-4357-a16b-837632a7d6f5 41/68 8/29/24, 12:09 AM DAT BIO practice exams all Flashcards | Quizlet The acrosomal reaction is best described as a reaction that A. occurs after the cortical reaction. D. releases hydrolytic enzymes to dissolve B. divides a zygote into two cells. the zona pellucida. C. depolarizes the egg to prevent further sperm from entry. D. releases hydrolytic enzymes to dissolve the zona pellucida. E. marks the completion of fertilization. acrosome The ___ reaction is a recognition process that allows for same-species fertilization. An individual who is color-blind most likely has some deficiency in which part of the eye? A. Cornea C. Cones B. Lens C. Cones D. Pupil E. Rods The ___ are the photoreceptors that detect color. ____ cells are most concentrated in the cones fovea of the retina. They respond to high-intensity illumination (making them less useful at night). During the Calvin cycle, which molecule is regenerated? A. G3P B. Glucose E. RuBP C. Pyruvate D. RuBisCo E. RuBP Which of the following is responsible for the coupling at the neuromuscular junction to stimulate muscle contraction? C. Release of acetylcholine into the synaptic A. Release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum cleft B. Release of acetylcholine from the sarcoplasmic reticulum C. Release of acetylcholine into the synaptic cleft D. Release of calcium into the synaptic cleft Which of the following hormones does the posterior pituitary release? A. Prolactin B. Antidiuretic hormone B. Antidiuretic hormone C. Adrenocorticotropic hormone D. Follicle stimulating hormone E. Luteinizing hormone What hormone controls maternal behavior in mammals? A. Prolactin C. Oxytocin B. Estrogen C. Oxytocin D. Dopamine childbirth oxytocin is responsible for what 3 things lactation maternal behavior A DNA molecule has 1200 nucleotides total (600 base pairs). If 150 nucleotides are C. 450 adenine, how many nucleotides will be guanine? A. 75 1200-150 = 1050 after adenine B. 150 1050-150 = 900 after thymine C. 450 900/2 = 450 of guanine and cytosine D. 600 https://quizlet.com/931594630/dat-bio-practice-exams-all-flash-cards?funnelUUID=08881b27-95c7-4357-a16b-837632a7d6f5 42/68 8/29/24, 12:09 AM DAT BIO practice exams all Flashcards | Quizlet What do nitrogen fixing bacteria convert? A. Nitrate into nitrogen gas B. Nitrogen gas into ammonium B. Nitrogen gas into ammonium C. Ammonium into nitrogen gas D. Ammonium into nitrite Denitrifying ___ bacteria convert nitrate (NO3-) into nitrogen gas (N2). nitrifying The conversion from ammonium (NH4+) to nitrite (NO2-) is done by ___ bacteria. A patient develops a mutation that impairs their juxtaglomerular cells. Which of the following would be observed in this patient? A. Decreased blood pressure A. Decreased blood pressure B. Increased sodium reabsorption C. Decreased urine production D. Increased aldosterone Juxtaglomerular cells respond to ___ blood pressure and sodium levels by releasing low / increasing renin and ___ blood pressure. All of the following are part of mRNA processing EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION? A. Phosphorylation of 3' end A. Phosphorylation of 3' end B. Addition of a 5' guanine cap C. Attachment of poly-A tail D. RNA splicing The human arm and wing of a bat contain the same bones, but in different sizes and shapes. It's hypothesized both evolved from a single ancestor that shared these bones. What is this an example of? A. Parallel evolution C. Divergent evolution B. Coevolution C. Divergent evolution D. Convergent evolution E. Directional selection In what form is CO2 most predominantly transported in the blood? A. Bicarbonate anion A. Bicarbonate anion B. Carbonic acid C. Carboxyhemoglobin D. Dissolved CO2 gas Which of the following best describes animals that mate only once in their lifetime? A. Monogamy B. Polygamy D. Semelparity C. Polyandry D. Semelparity E. Iteroparity In a karyotype of a human embryo, it's observed that there is an unidentical banding pattern and a longer arm than usual on chromosome 12. What is most likely responsible for these aberrations? A. Translocation A. Translocation B. Duplication C. Deletion D. Inversion https://quizlet.com/931594630/dat-bio-practice-exams-all-flash-cards?funnelUUID=08881b27-95c7-4357-a16b-837632a7d6f5 43/68 8/29/24, 12:09 AM DAT BIO practice exams all Flashcards | Quizlet Alternative splicing allows for which of the following? A. Silencing of specific mRNA sequences C. Production of many proteins from a single B. Regulation of enzymes in the cell mRNA strand C. Production of many proteins from a single mRNA strand D. Deletion of unused termination sequence Which of the following is found in both bacteria and viruses? A. Cell wall B. Capsid C. Nucleic acid C. Nucleic acid D. Nucleoid region E. Pili Which of the following biomes is characterized by cool summer temperatures, cold winters, and little seasonal precipitation? A. Taiga D. Tundra B. Temperate deciduous forests C. Tropical rainforests D. Tundra E. Temperate grasslands nucleus > mitochondria > ER > ribosomes weight of organelles in cetrifugation Which pituitary gland hormone acts where to stimulate testosterone production? A. Follicle-stimulating hormone acting on the seminiferous tubules C. Luteinizing hormone acting on the Leydig B. Progesterone acting on the Sertoli cells interstitial cells C. Luteinizing hormone acting on the Leydig interstitial cells D. Prolactin acting on the prostate gland E. Growth hormone acting on the epididymis A diploid organism contains 5 genes. It is homozygous for 2 of these genes, and heterozygous for the remaining 3. All of the genes assort independently. Based on this D. 8 information, how many unique gametes can this organism produce? A. 2 AA x BB x Cc x Dd x Ee B. 3 1x1x2x2x2=8 C. 6 D. 8 E. 32 Which portion of the nephron is impermeable to water? A. Collecting duct B. Proximal convoluted tubule D. Ascending loop of Henle C. Descending loop of Henle D. Ascending loop of Henle E. Distal convoluted tubule ascending Salts are freely reabsorbed from the ___ loop of Henle, but water is not. descending Water is freely reabsorbed from the ___ loop of Henle, but salts are not. Where is FADH2 produced in eukaryotes? A. Intermembrane space of the mitochondria B. Outer mitochondrial membrane D. Mitochondrial matrix C. Inner mitochondrial membrane D. Mitochondrial matrix E. Cytosol https://quizlet.com/931594630/dat-bio-practice-exams-all-flash-cards?funnelUUID=08881b27-95c7-4357-a16b-837632a7d6f5 44/68 8/29/24, 12:09 AM DAT BIO practice exams all Flashcards | Quizlet All of the following structures are a part of the endomembrane system EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION? A. Endoplasmic reticulum C. Mitochondria B. Central vacuoles C. Mitochondria D. Golgi apparatus E. Plasma membrane What population dynamic most accurately describes C. Apparent competition between species 1, the given population vs. time chart? 2 and 4 where 2 is the predator A. Interspecific competition between species 1 and 3 The population size of species 1 rapidly B. Interspecific competition between species 4 and increases between 1 and 3 months, reaching 5 a peak at 3 months. The population size of C. Apparent competition between species 1, 2 and 4 species 2 also increases, most dramatically where 2 is the predator between 2 and 3 months. As the population D. Apparent competition between species 1, 3 and 4 size of species 2 increases, the population where 1 is the predator size of species 4 simultaneously decreases. E. Exploitation competition between species 1 and 4 occurs when one predator preys on two species. For example, apparent competition Apparent competition would occur when an owl hunts both a spider species and a beetle species, and the beetle prevalence suddenly increases. Which of the following is one of the first white blood cells recruited to the site of an inflammatory response? A. T cells C. Neutrophils B. Thrombocytes C. Neutrophils D. Macrophages E. Plasma cells ___ are a type of leukocyte that function as phagocytes in the innate immune response. Neutrophils ___ are the first immune cells recruited to respond to inflammation. If 2n=46, how many tetrads are present during metaphase I? A. 12 B. 23 B. 23 C. 46 D. 69 E. 92 Pairs of homologous chromosomes are referred to as ____; composed of four chromatids tetrads (two from each chromosome). Which of the following is a deuterostome? A. Nematoda B. Arthopoda C. Echinodermata C. Echinodermata D. Mollusca E. Annelida What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain? A. H2O B. ATP E. O2 C. NADH D. FADH2 E. O2 https://quizlet.com/931594630/dat-bio-practice-exams-all-flash-cards?funnelUUID=08881b27-95c7-4357-a16b-837632a7d6f5 45/68 8/29/24, 12:09 AM DAT BIO practice exams all Flashcards | Quizlet How is the sensation of touch transmitted to the brain? A. Efferent nerve fibers B. Ventral root nerve fibers C. Afferent nerve fibers C. Afferent nerve fibers D. Vagus nerve E. Nociceptors SA = Sensory is Afferent, ME = Motor is Bootcamp Mnemonic: SAME DAVE Efferent DA = Dorsal is Afferent, VE = Ventral is Efferent. Which of following structures is homologous to the wing of a bird? A. Human forearm B. Bat wing A. Human forearm C. Butterfly wing D. Hornet wing E. Shark fin ____ structures are derived from a common ancestor and may or may not have the same homologous / Analagous function. ____ structures have the same function but are not derived from a common ancestor. Where in the chloroplast do the light independent reactions of photosynthesis take place? A. Within the intermembrane space C. Within the stroma B. Within the thylakoid lumen C. Within the stroma D. In the thylakoid membrane E. On the stroma lamellae Evolution leading to the pterophytes was due to the development of the tracheid. What specific structure was this important for? A. Xylem: transport of water through vascular plants A. Xylem: transport of water through vascular B. Casparian strip: impenetrable barrier in roots plants C. Phloem: transport of sugars through vascular plants D. Flagellated sperm: self-motile sperm E. Style: tube that leads to the ovary tracheids and vessels Xylem have ___ and ____ sieve cells and companion cells Phloem have ____ and ____ While crossing the street, Paul is hit by a car and suffers an injury to his knee. Upon screening by a doctor, it is determined that he has torn his anterior cruciate ligament. A. Femur and tibia What two structures does this ligament connect? A. Femur and tibia ligament --> bone to bone B. Patellar bone to quadriceps C. Gastrocnemius to femur D. Gastrocnemius to hamstrings What cell type forms the myelin sheath in the central nervous system? A. Schwann cells B. Microglial cells C. Oligodendrocytes C. Oligodendrocytes D. Astrocytes E. Ependymal cells https://quizlet.com/931594630/dat-bio-practice-exams-all-flash-cards?funnelUUID=08881b27-95c7-4357-a16b-837632a7d6f5 46/68 8/29/24, 12:09 AM DAT BIO practice exams all Flashcards | Quizlet After meiosis I has completed, each daughter cell is A. haploid, and the chromosomes are composed of one chromatid. B. haploid, and the chromosomes are B. haploid, and the chromosomes are composed of two chromatids. composed of two chromatids. C. diploid, and the chromosomes are composed of one chromatid. D. diploid, and the chromosomes are composed of two chromatids. A eukaryotic cell is placed in a plate containing radioactively labeled uracil. Which structure would the radioactively labeled uracil be seen in? C. Ribosome A. Plasma membrane B. Golgi apparatus uracil = mRNA C. Ribosome D. Chromosome E. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum A red flower is bred with a white flower, and the offspring are pink flowers. Which pattern of inheritance is this an example of? A. Codominance B. Incomplete dominance B. Incomplete dominance C. Epistasis D. Pleiotropy E. Haplosufficiency Which of the following is true of bile? A. Produced in the gallbladder B. Functions to enzymatically break down fat D. Stimulated for release by cholecystokinin C. Released into the stomach D. Stimulated for release by cholecystokinin E. Broken down into heme The archenteron A. results from the closing of the neural tube. B. represents the beginning of the primitive B. represents the beginning of the primitive gut. gut. C. contains a cavity called the blastocoel. D. is formed during blastulation. E. represents the first cavity of the developing heart What is the goal of genome annotation? A. Determine all 3D protein structures in a genome E. Determine all coding regions of genes B. Analyze heritable epigenetic changes to a genome and their functions C. Study genomic changes over the course of generations D. Locate the corresponding DNA sequence of a known protein E. Determine all coding regions of genes and their functions is the process of determining the locations and functions of genes and all of the coding Gene annotation regions in a genome. Which part of the heart pumps oxygenated blood into the systemic circulation? A. Right atrium D. Left ventricle B. Right ventricle C. Left atrium D. Left ventricle ____ circulation moves oxygen-poor blood to the lungs in order for it to become Pulmonary / systemic oxygen-rich, whereas ____ circulation moves oxygen-rich blood to the body tissues in order for these tissues to use the oxygen and nutrients contained in the blood. https://quizlet.com/931594630/dat-bio-practice-exams-all-flash-cards?funnelUUID=08881b27-95c7-4357-a16b-837632a7d6f5 47/68 8/29/24, 12:09 AM DAT BIO practice exams all Flashcards | Quizlet An animal has body segmentation, multiple pairs of jointed appendages, is triploblastic, and has bilateral symmetry. Which of the following best describes this organism? A. Annelida C. Arthropoda B. Echinodermata C. Arthropoda D. Chordata Thousands of years ago, an island housed a single species of gray crickets. Today, the same island only houses white and black crickets. Which form of natural selection took place? A. Stabilizing D. Disruptive B. Directional C. Artificial D. Disruptive E. Macroevolution A hemophiliac father and a carrier mother have a son that is a hemophiliac. What is the probability that their second son will be a hemophiliac? C. 50% A. 0% B. 25% XhY x XhXh C. 50% 1/2 sons will have hemophilia D. 75% E. 100% recessive hemophilia is an X-linked, ____ trait All of the following are components of blood EXCEPT for one. Which is the EXCEPTION? A. Plasma E. Adipocytes B. Leukocytes C. Thrombocytes D. Erythrocytes E. Adipocytes Early ____ onset DNA mutations are the most detrimental to protein function During which stage of viral replication is the capsid formed? A. Attachment B. Synthesis C. Assembly C. Assembly D. Release E. Penetration Which of the following is a trait shared by Archaea and Eubacteria? A. Histones in DNA B. Reproduce via binary fission B. Reproduce via binary fission C. Contain peptidoglycan D. Linear chromosome All of the following are events that occur after a sperm makes contact with a mammalian egg EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION? A. The egg exocytoses cortical granules B. The corona radiata releases digestive B. The corona radiata releases digestive enzymes enzymes C. The egg undergoes depolarization D. The zona pellucida separates from the plasma membrane E. The acrosome digests the zona pellucida https://quizlet.com/931594630/dat-bio-practice-exams-all-flash-cards?funnelUUID=08881b27-95c7-4357-a16b-837632a7d6f5 48/68