CSC Civil Service Exam Professional & Sub-Professional Levels PDF

 CSC Civil Service Exam Reviewer For Professional and Sub-Professional Levels  CONTENTS Mathematics Word Problems and Operations Data Sufficiency English Alphabetizing Synonyms Antony...

 CSC Civil Service Exam Reviewer For Professional and Sub-Professional Levels  CONTENTS Mathematics Word Problems and Operations Data Sufficiency English Alphabetizing Synonyms Antonyms Single-Word Analogy Double-Word Analogy Identifying Errors Paragraph Development Correct Usage Reading Comprehension Filipino Kasingkahulugan Kasalungat Mga Kawikaan Wastong Gamit Pagkilala sa Mali Pag-unawa sa Binasa Pagtatalata Philippine Constitution Inductive Reasoning Abstract Reasoning Answers are in bold and colored RED.  Page |1 MATHEMATICS Word Problems and Operations Directions: Analyze and solve each problem carefully. Choose the correct answer. 1. If 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10 = 55, then 11 + 12 + 13 + 14 + 15 + 16 + 17 + 18 + 19 + 20 = ? a. 65 b. 155 c. 125 d. 550 2. Evaluate: 16  (24  8)  22 × 8  8. a. 40 b. 48 c. 64 d. 168 3. Find the product: 800 x 125. a. 925 b. 1000 c. 10 000 d. 100 000 4. Find the quotient: 8 000 ÷ 125 a. 48 b. 64 c. 80 d. 88 5. Find the sum: 299 + 943 + 398 + 101 a. 1,531 b. 1,641  Page |2 c. 1,741 d. 122,222 6. If 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10 = 55, then 101 + 102 + 103 + 104 + 105 + 106 + 107 + 108 + 109 + 110 = ? a. 1,055 b. 1,065 c. 1,075 d. 5,500 7. What is the remainder when 192 888 is divided by 8? a. 0 b. 4 c. 8 d. 24 111 8. Rounding 299 943 to the nearest thousands, the result is a. 299 940 b. 299 000 c. 299 900 d. 300 000 9. If 23 + 28 + 37 + x + 53 = 168 and 23 + 28 + 40 + y + 50 = 120. Find the value of x – y? a. 36 b. 48 c. 56 d. 64 10. 398.101 is read as a. three hundred ninety eight, one hundred one. b. three hundred ninety eight and one hundred one. c. three hundred ninety eight and one hundred one hundredths  Page |3 d. three hundred ninety eight and one hundred one thousands 11. A number is divisible by 8 if its last three digits is divisible by 8. Which of the following numbers is divisible by 8? a. 9 208 b. 6 236 c. 88 254 d. 8 886 12. Which of the following statements is true? a. If a number is divisible by 5, then it is divisible by 10. b. If a number is divisible by 10, then it is divisible by 5. c. If a number is divisble by 3, then it is divisible by 6 d. If a number is divisible by 4, then it is divisible by 8 13. Simplify: ½ (128 – 84) – ½ (128 – 84) a. 0 b. 20 c. 44 d. 64 14. Simplify: 33 1/3% of 48 + 12 ½% of 96 – 44 4/9% of 27 a. 12 b. 16 c. 24 d. 48 15. Reduce 231/1001 to its lowest terms a. 7/11 b. 3/31 c. 3/13 d. 7/13 16. Which of the foloowing is true?  Page |4 a. -16 > 8 b. 8/64 = ¼ c. 54 – 8 ≥ 8 – 54 d. 9/117 = 1/17 3 5  17. Find the value of x:  (72)  (35) 8 7  a. 27 b. 36 c. 45 d. 52 18. What is 25% of 228? a. 52 b. 57 c. 54 d. 912 19. 228 is 25% of what number? a. 52 b. 57 c. 54 d. 912 20. 168 is what percent of 672? a. 25% b. 50% c. 400% d. 80% 21. Evaluate: 123 x 0.1 + 123 x 0.01 + 123 x 0.001 a. 13.653 b. 135.53  Page |5 c. 1 356.3 d. 13 563 22. Find 3 ¼ of 16 a. 7 b. 16 c. 39 d. 52 23. Evaluate: 1 + ½ + ¼ + 1/8 = ? a. 1 3/16 b. 1 3/8 c. 1 5/8 d. 1 7/8 24. Find the value of x in the equation: 3x + 7 = 28 a. 7 b. -7 c. ±7 d. 4 25. Which of the following has the greatest value? 8 a. (6 )(8 2 ) 2 16 b. (6 )(83 ) 2 1 c. (6 )(82 ) 3 168 d. (6 4 )(83 ) 26. Whic of the following cannot yield an odd integer when divided by 10? a. The sum of two odd integers.  Page |6 b. The product of a prime number and an odd integer c. The product of two odd integers d. The sum of three consecutive integers 27. If 8x + 12 = 24, what is the value of 24x + 36 a. 4 b. 6 c. 8 d. 72 28. If a positive integer m is divisible by both 3 and 8, then m must also be divisible by a. 10 b. 18 c. 24 d. 60 29. If positive integers m and n are not both odd, which of the following is always true? a. m + n is even b. mn is even c. m – n cannot be odd d. m + n – 1 is odd 30. Find the average temperature change for the 12-day period. Temperature change in degree celsius: 2.6, 3.8, 7.0, 4.5, 4.6, 7.9, 5.0, 8.1, 4.4, 5.3, 6.4, 5.2 a. 4.8 b. 4.9 c. 5.2 d. 5.4 31. Find the set of all odd numbers x satisfying the conditions 5x - 4≤ 0 and 3x – 7 ≥ 0 a. x | x  1  Page |7 b. 1 c. x | x   d.  32. State the property illustrated. If 8(6) + 4 = 48 + 4 = 52, then 8(6) + 4 = 52 a. distributive property of multiplication over addition b. commutative property of addition c. associative property d. transitive property of equality 33. If 8 less than the product of a number and -3 is greater than 7, which of the following could be that number? a. -6 b. -5 c. 5 d. 6 34. The difference between 8 times a number and 17 is 231. Find the number. a. 31 b. 37 c. 48 d. 1 984 35. Four times the perimeter of a parking lot is 16 less than 2,000 meters. What is the perimeter of the lot? a. 496 m b. 504 m c. 992 m d. 1,008 m 36. The amount of last month’s telephone bill, decreased by the product of 3 and Php30.00 equals Php1,319.50 a. Php 1,229.50  Page |8 b. Php 1,289.50 c. Php 1,310.50 d. Php 1, 409.50 37. Eighteen less than seven times the number of sandwiches is 269. How many sandwiches are there? a. 32 b. 41 c. 44 d. 45 38. A house and lot are sold for Php 14M. The house costs 1.5 times as much as the lot. How much does the lot cost? a. Php 5.6M b. Php 8.4M c. Php 10.5 M d. Php 21M 39. The sale price of a television set is Php 7,200. The discount rate is 40%. Find its regular price. a. Php 4,320 b. Php 12,000 c. Php 6,800 d. Php 10,000 40. The lenghts of the sides of a triangle can be represented by three consecutive integers. The perimeter of the triangle is 96cm. Find the length of the longest side of the triangle. a. 28 b. 32 c. 33 d. 36 41. The length of a rectangle is 8 meters more than twice its width. The perimeter is 112 meters. Find its area.  Page |9 a. 16m b. 24m c. 28 m2 d. 640 m2 42. Paula is twice as old as Queenie. Seven years ago the sum of their ages was 16. How old is Queenie now? a. 8 b. 10 c. 16 d. 20 43. For what value of x will x be the average of 2, 4x, 6, 8, 10? a. 4 b. 12 c. 26 d. 39 44. How many integers between 197 and 303 are divisible by 4 or 10? a. 25 b. 26 c. 31 d. 37 45. A patient must take his medication every 7 hours starting at 7:00 AM, Sunday. On what day will the patient first receive his medication at 8 AM? a. Sunday b. Wednesday c. Thursday d. Tuesday 46. Of the 300 grocery shoppers surveyed, 96 did not have a regular day of the week on which they shop. What percentage of the shoppers did not have a regular day of shopping?  P a g e | 10 a. 32% b. 48% c. 64% d. 96% 47. A water container has 100mL of water in it and is 20% full. How many mL of water can this container hold if it is full? a. 200 mL b. 400 mL c. 500 mL d. 800 mL 48. How many containers each occupies an area of 2 1/8 square meters can be stored in a 952 square meter warehouse? a. 358 b. 448 c. 530 d. 630 49. A starting salary of a secretary at ABC Computer Specialists is Php15,000 a month. Next year the starting salary will be raised to Php18,000. What is the rate of increase in the starting salary? a. 3% b. 20% c. 25% d. 30% 50. The cost of a square meter commercial lot in a certain municipality five years ago was Php12,500. There was a 420% increase in the price in the last five years. What is the price per square meter of that lot today? a. Php 17,500 b. Php 52,500 c. Php 19,000 d. Php 65,000  P a g e | 11 51. Last month, a store manager decided to decrease the prices of all items by 10%. This month, he increased the prices by 10%. What would be the price for a pair of pants that had cost Php750 before prices were decreased last month? a. PHp 742.50 b. Php 750.00 c. Php 675.00 d. Php 825.00 52. When the original price of an item is increased by a certain rate, the increased price is Php 3,100. When the original price is decreased by the same rate, the decreased price is Php1,900. What is the original price of this item? a. Php1,200 b. Php200 c. Php2,500 d. Php2,800 53. How much must one has to invest in corporate bonds paying 9.6% in order to earn an income of Php12,000 per annum? a. Php11,520 b. Php 23,040 c. Php 125,000 d. Php 250,000 54. How much must be cut form the edge of a piece of glass 16 1/8 cm wide, in order for it to fit into an opening 14 ¾ cm wide? a. 2 3/8cm b. 1 7/8cm c. 1 3/8cm d. 2 5/8 cm 55. A race car traveled for 2 ½ hours with an average speed of 132 5/8 km per hour. Find the total distance it covered. a. 264 5/16km b. 331 9/16km  P a g e | 12 c. 330 5/16km d. 135 1/8km 56. If the weight of a 241-kg freight car increases 3 1/8 times when fully loaded, what will be its weight with a full load? a. 750 3/8kg b. 824 3/8kg c. 720 5/8kg d. 753 1/8kg 57. How many liters will remain in 1 1000-liter storage tank if 8.2% of the liquid has evaporated due to excessive heat? a. 918 b. 991.8 c. 999.18 d. 998 58. Dante recently sold some stocks for which he originally bought for Php358. If it has increased in value by 116%, how much did he receive for the stock? a. Php678.27 b. Php772 c. Php773.28 d. Php778 59. Mr. Manny Vargas, a real estate broker sold a building for Php175M. How much did he receive if his commission is 5.5% of the sale price of the property? a. Php9.5M b. Php9.7M c. Php9.625M d. Php180.5M 60. If 560 out of 700 examinees passed in the recent Career Service exam for Sub- Professional level, what percent of the examinees passed? a. 65%  P a g e | 13 b. 72% c. 80% d. 140% 61. Mr. Cruz borrows Php750,000 from Asian Bank and is charged Php90,000 interest. What rate of interest did Asian Bank charge for the loan? a. 8% b. 9% c. 10% d. 12% 62. A store sells shirts for Php1,078 each or 3 for Php2,997. How much would one save by buying 3 shirts at a time instead of 3 shirts, one at a time? a. Php237 b. Php921 c. Php1,237 d. Php1,921 63. A computer can be rented for Php1,745 a week or Php 347.50 a day. You need the computer only for 6 days. At which rate (daily or weekly), would it be cheaper to rent and by how much cheaper? a. weekly: Php340 b. daily: Php240 c. daily:Php340 d. weekly: Php240 64. A 1.25 kg of box of Brand A detergent sells for Php 87.50. A 1.5 kg box of Brand B detergent sells for Php103.20. What is the difference in the price per kg.? a. Php 1.20 b. Php 1.50 c. Php 1.80 d. Php 2.00 65. A 30-cm long plastic pipe costs Php249. At this rate, what is the price of the pipe per meter?  P a g e | 14 a. Php 830 b. Php 840 c. Php 747 d. Php 749 66. A homeowner can rent a chain saw from a rental agency at Php 2,700 a day. The brand new of the same saw can be bought for Php18,900. For how many days could the homeonwer rent the saw before renting would cost more than buying? a. 5 b. 6 c. 7 d. 8 67. Paula uses ten 100-watt bulbs in her house. She uses these bulbs at an average of 5 hours each day. How many KWH do these bulbs use each day? a. 5 b. 10 c. 50 d. 5,000 68. An electric range uses 12,200 watts per hour and is run an average of 60 hours a year. How many kilowatt-hour is this? a. 73.2 b. 732 c. 7,320 d. 7.32 69. A DVD movie, purchased for Php440 was marked up 25% on the selling price. Later, as retail prices fell, this movie was marked down 20% on the current sale price. Find its new sale price. a. Php 352 b. Php 440 c. Php 500 d. Php 550  P a g e | 15 70. VNS Inc. bought these office supplies last week: 1,320 pens @ Php 0.125; 1,480 packs paper clips @ Php 0.625; 1,240 boxes of tape @ Php 0.875; 1,720 boxes of cards @ 0.80. A 5% sales tax is added. What was the company’s total bill? a. Php 173.25 b. Php 3,551 c. Php 971.25 d. Php 3,728.55 71. The question “How many flowers are needed to border a rectangular garden?”, involves a. weight b. perimeter c. volume d. area 72. How many meters of fencing are needed to enclose an 84-meter by 48-meter rectangular garden? a. 132m b. 244m c. 264m d. 4,032m2 73. How many 1-cm square stickers are needed to cover a photo box 4 cm long, 3cm wide and 5cm high? a. 47 b. 60 c. 88 d. 94 74. One side of a triangle is 3cm longer than the shortest side, and the other side is 4cm longer than the shortest side. How long is the shortest side if the perimeter is 67 cm? a. 20 cm b. 23 cm  P a g e | 16 c. 24 cm d. 27 cm 75. The length of a rectangle is 2cm less than twice its width. What is its width in cm, if its perimeter is 50cm? a. 8 b. 9 c. 16 d. 25  P a g e | 17 Data Sufficiency Directions: Each of this data sufficiency problem consists of a question and two statements, labeled (a) and (b), in which certain data are given. You have to decide whether the data given in the statements are sufficient for answering the questions. a. if statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient. b. if statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient. c. if BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient. d. if each statement ALONE is sufficient e. if statement (1) and (2) TOGETHER are not sufficient. 1. By what percent was the price per kilo of chicken inceased? 1) The price per kilo of chicken was increased by Php20 2) The price per kilo of chicken was increased by Php120 Answer: c. if BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient. 2. A real estate broker received a commission of 8% of the selling price of a certain property, what was the selling price of the property? 1) The selling price minus the real estate agent’s commission was Php 9,200,000 2) The selling price was 250% of the original purchase price of Php 4,000,000. Answer: d. if each statement ALONE is sufficient 3. Cherry and Keanna were among those who sold raffle tickets to raise money for the club. If Cherry and Keanna sold a total of 168 tickets, how many tickets did Cherry sell? 1) Keanna sold 60% as many raffle tickets as Cherry 2) Keanna sold 8% of all the raffle tickets sold. Answer: a. if statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.  P a g e | 18 4. What is the ratio of m : s: a? Answer: b 1) a = 2, and ms = 64 2) m/s = 2 and a/s = ¼ Answer: b. if statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient. 5. If x and y are integers, is x divisible by 17? 1) The product xy is divisible by 17 2) y is not divisible by 17 Answer: c. if BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient. 6. On Saturday monring the printing machine of Gerpress Printing ran continuously at uniform rate to fill a production order. At what time did it completely fill the order that morning? 1) The supervisor began the plan for production 8:08am. 2) The machine had filled 50% of the order at 9:48am and 5/6 of the order by 10:18am Answer: b. if statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient. 7. How many books does Gerard have? 1) If Gerard had 18 fewer books, he would have only half as many as he actually has. 2) Gerard has three times as many fiction as non-fiction books. Answer: a. if statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient. 8. What number is 24% of x? 1) 16 is 8% of x 2) 1/8 of x is 1,600 Answer: d. if each statement ALONE is sufficient 9. What was the total amount raised for the Payatas Tragedy from private corporations and personal donations? 1) Of the amount donated,48% came from private corporations  P a g e | 19 2) Of the amount donated, Php15M came from personal donations. Answer: c. if BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient. 10. Mary’s total score in the three bowling games was 530. What were her scores? 1) Mary’s highest score was 198 2) The sum of Mary’s two highest scores was 368 Answer: c. if BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient. 11. If the value of n closer to 48 than to 78? 1) 78 – n > n – 48 2) n > 60 Answer: a. if statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient. 12. In last Saturday’s Midnight Sale at Gaisano Mall a certain shop sold 75% of the shirts in its inventory. Each shirt was sold for Php358. What was the total revenue from the sale of these shirts on that day? 1) When the shop opened last Saturday, there were 448 shirts in its inventory 2) All but 112 of the shop’s inventory were sold last Saturday. Answer: d. if each statement ALONE is sufficient 13. How many more boys than girls are there in the room? 1) There is a total of 56 girls and boys in the room. 2) The number of boys in the room equals the square of the number of girls in the room. Answer: c. if BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient. 14. In what year was David born? 1) David’s friend Michelle, who is ½ years younger than him, was born in 1979. 2) In 1998, David turned 20 years old  P a g e | 20 Answer: b. if statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient. 15. A box contains 48 balls, of which 30 are red and 18 are blue. If 16 of the balls are removed, how many of the balls left in the box are blue? 1) Of the balls removed, the ratio of the number of red ones to the number of blue ones is 5:3 2) Of the first 8 marbles removed, 5 are red Answer: a. if statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient. 16. How long did it take Mrs. Lim to drive non-stop on a trip from here home to Ayala Alabang? 1) If Mrs. Lim average speed for the trip had been 1.5 times as fast, the trip would have taken 2 hours. 2) Mrs. Lim average speed for the trip was 80 km per hour. Answer: a. if statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient. 17. If Lorna had a dentist’s appointment on a certain day, was the appointment on a Friday? 1) Exactly 64 hours before the appointment, it was Wednesday. 2) The appointment is between 2:00pm to 7:00pm Answer: c. if BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient. 18. What was the average number of kilometers per liter of gasoline a car can consume during a certain trip? 1) The total cost of the gasoline used by the card or the 640-km trip was Php1,152. 2) The cost for the gasoline used by the car for the trip was Php18.00 per liter. Answer: c. if BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient. 19. What is the ratio of a to b? 1) a is 8 more than twice b.  P a g e | 21 2) The ratio of a to 4b is 3 : 7. Answer: b. if statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient. 20. At Avanti Review Center, 400 students are enrolled for the Review Program or Academic Advancement Program or both. If 100 of these students are not enrolled in the Review Program, how many of them are enrolled in both Avanti Review Program and Avanti Academic Advancement Program? 1) Of the 400 students, 160 are not enrolled in the Academic Advancement Program. 2) A total of 240 of the students are enrolled in the Academic Advancement Program. Answer: d. if each statement ALONE is sufficient  P a g e | 22 Clerical Operations (Alphabetizing) Directions: Arrange each group of items in alphabetical order. 1. A. Commission on the Filipino Language B. Commission on Human Rights C. Commission on Higher Education D. Commission on Population a. ABCD b. CBDA c. BCDA d. ACBD 2. A. Cooperative Development Authority B. Cottage Industry Development Enterprise C. Cottage Industry Technology Center D. Council for the Welfare of Children a. ABCD b. ACBD c. BCAD d. CBAD 3. A. Food and Nutrition Research Institute B. Fiber Industry Development Authority C. Foreign Service Institute D. Family Planning Organization of the Philippines  P a g e | 23 a. ABCD b. BACD c. DBCA d. DBAC 4. A. Insurance Commission B. Industrial Technology Development Institute C. Institute of Labor and Manpower Studies D. Instructional Materials Corporation a. BDCA b. BACD c. BCDA d. BADC 5. A. Presidential Commission on Good Governance B. Presidential Commission to Fight Poverty C. Presidential Commission for the Urban Poor D. Presidential Commission on Human Rights a. CBAD b. CBAD c. CABD d. CADB 6. A. AA Industrial Chemical Supply B. AB Capital and Investment Corporation C. A Soriano Aviation Incorporated  P a g e | 24 D. A-1 Driving Company Incorporated a. DCAB b. DCBA c. ABCD d. CABD 7. A. Ayala Plans Inc. B. Ayala Health Care, Inc. C. Ayala Land Inc. D. Ayala Life Assurance Inc. a. BCDA b. ABCD c. DCBA d. BACD 8. A. Filspin Incorporated B. Filway Marketing Inc. C. Filsov Shipping Company D. Fina Products Inc. a. ACDB b. CABD c. BCAD d. BACD 9. A. John Shannon Montessori  P a g e | 25 B. John Paul Hospital C. John Robert Powers D. John Nelson and Associates a. DACB b. DBCA c. DCBA d. DABC 10. A. Sports Zone Restaurant B. Sports Resources Inc. C. Sports Values Inc. D. Sports House and General Merchandise a. ABCD b. BCDA c. CBDA d. DBCA 11. A. Abad, Josephine B. Abad, Jason C. Abad, Joseph D. Abad, June a. DBCA b. DBAC c. BDCA d. BCDA  P a g e | 26 12. A. St. Stephen’s School B. St. Stephen’s University C. St. Scholastica’s Academy D. St. Scholastica’s College a. ABCD b. CDBA c. CDAB d. DCAB 13. A. Santos, Anita B. Santos, Ana C. Santos, Antonio D. Santos, Anthony a. CDBA b. DCBA c. BADC d. BACD 14. A. Philippine Daily Inquirer B. Philippine Star C. Philippine Herald D. Philippine Tribune a. ABCD b. ACBD c. ADCB  P a g e | 27 d. ACDB 15. A. Luna, Antonio B. Luna, Juan C. Luna, Olive D. Luna, Oliver a. ABCD b. ABDC c. ACBD d. ADCB 16. A. Felimon, Jason B. Felipe, Julian C. Felimon, Jamie D. Felipe, Julia a. CADB b. ACBD c. CABD d. ACDB 17. A. UP Institute for Small Scale Industries B. UP Institute for Science and Math Education C. UP Institute of Biology D. UP Institute of Chemistry a. ABCD  P a g e | 28 b. BACD c. CDAB d. CDBA 18. A. Bureau of Post B. Bureau of Internal Revenue C. Bureau of Mines D. Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources a. DBCA b. DABC c. DCBA d. DBAC 19. A. Rancho, Elian B. Rallon, Michel C. Ramirez, Sean D. Rancho, Elaine 1. BCAD 2. BDAC 3. BCDA 4. BACD 20. A.Quesada, Arianne B. Quisumbing, Armie C. Quintin, Adela D. Quezon, Aurora  P a g e | 29 a. ABCD b. ADCB c. ACBD d. ABDC  P a g e | 30 Synonyms Directions: Choose the correct answer that corresponds to the word closest in meaning to the bold and italicized word in the sentence. 1. We should never be apathetic towards other people for we have a social responsibility to fulfill. a. indifferent b. concerned c. generous d. worried 2. A good leader should be cognizant of the numerous issues that affect his constituents. a. aware b. uninformed c. confused d. idealistic 3. Always be careful not to issue any disparaging remarks against other people. a. praising b. confusing c. damaging d. discouragin 4. Flowers are ephemeral; they bloom yet wither in a week or so later. a. shrivel b. long lasting c. beautiful d. short lived  P a g e | 31 5. A fastidious person will never find true happiness. a. simple b. choosy c. greedy d. contented 6. The Ortigas Center is filled with gargantuan buildings, some having up to 50 floors. a. crowded b. old and weak c. fist class d. gigantic 7. Nobody like haughty Monty who kept bragging about his riches. a. arrogant b. foolish c. respectable d. dependable 8. The corrupt policeman was discharged form service due to his ignominious act of accepting bribes. a. honorable b. disrespectable c. unwanted d. remarkable 9. The impudent child was scolded for answering back to older people. a. respectful b. honorable c. clever d. rude 10. Spores are infinitesimal reproductive units of fungi and lower plants.  P a g e | 32 a. invisible b. interesting c. microscopic d. large 11. Never trust an insidious person because you’ll never know what goes in his mind. a. honest b. treacherous c. loyal d. trustworthy 12. Jessa is an irascible girl who frequently has tantrums. a. impatient b. cheerful c. hot-tempered d. jolly 13. Surgeons should be meticulous especially when performing operations. a. careful b. careless c. strict d. lenient 14. Christ teaches us to be concerned about putting up riches in heaven and not to be obsessed with mundane things. a. temporary b. worldly c. insignificant d. important 15. Rochelle has difficulty seeing things from afar because she is myophic. a. cross-eyed  P a g e | 33 b. eagle-yed c. farsighted d. nearsighted 16. Regina, being a chilld of three, is oblivious to the world around her. a. careful b. carefree c. aware d. unmindful 17. Man can never be omniscient like God. a. all-knowing b. logical c. immortal d. miraculous 18. The piquant mouse was able to find its way out of the maze in a short while. a. dumb b. clever c. small d. unusual 19. It is now plausible to say that someday, interplanetary travel will no longer be impossible. a. reasonable b. unusual c. illogical d. extraordinary 20. A prudent person is not easily deceived. a. loyal b. careless c. wise  P a g e | 34 d. foolish 21. “Spare the rod and spoil the child” is a common aphorism. a. slogan b. battle cry c. proverb d. motto 22. Charlie’s deportment is highly commendable. a. belief b. behavior c. intelligence d. competence 23. For enmity and hate are contrary to friendship and concord. a. agreement b. mutual hatred c. confusion d. division 24. The Filipino’s fortitude is the reason why he seldom complains. a. endurance b. peace-loving c. discontent d. satisfaction 25. Poverty should never be viewed as an impediment towards attaining good education. a. reason b. way c. link d. obstruction 26. The students were upbraided for misbehaving during the assembly.  P a g e | 35 a. praised b. honored c. scolded d. stopped 27. Urbane people are appaled by rude behavious. a. well-mannered b. ill-mannered c. modern d. rich 28. Clowns are never vapid but the sick usually are. a. lively and energetic b. lacking spirit and liveliness c. clumsy d. funny 29. The client was asked to verify the veracity of the statement of accounts issued. a. accuracy b. discrepancy c. redundancy d. mistake 30. Dentists believe that babies should be weaned from feeding bottles as soon as possible to prevent malformation of the infant’s erupting teeth. a. get used to b. develop hatred for c. free from dependence d. make more dependent 31. Some people believe that Balete Drive is haunted because a wraith of a woman’s appears there. a. shadow  P a g e | 36 b. statue c. reflection d. ghost 32. She looks unkempt with her wavy coarse hair falling freely behind her back. a. pretty b. neat c. prim and proper d. untidy 33. The room is topsy-turvy, as if a hurricane just passed through. a. disorderly b. destroyed c. orderly d. clean 34. Sherlock Holmes is a famous sleuth. a. adventurer b. scientist c. detective d. criminal 35. Mindy runmaged through the chest of old clothes for something usable to donate. a. searched thourgh b. wandered through c. passed through d. scattered 36. Only a ruffian could do such a heinous act of killing a helpless child. a. an insane person b. a brutal person c. a lovable person  P a g e | 37 d. a confused person 37. To augment the policemen’s incom, the government allowed them to take part- time jobs. a. increase b. contribute c. limit d. remove 38. A person’s reputation is very important so be very careful not to calumniate anybody. a. embarass b. abuse c. tease d. slander 39. The footprints were effaced when the floor was mopped. a. printed b. erased c. deformed d. developed 40. The plane overshot the runway and landed on a ditch. a. passed through b. passed by c. went beyond d. did not reach  P a g e | 38 Antonyms Directions: Choose the correct answer that corresponds to the word opposite in meaning to the bold and italicized word or phrase in the sentence. 1. Hanna accompanied her sister to the drugstore. a. followed b. let go on one’s own c. left behind d. stopped 2. Beside the boulevard are gigantic buildings. a. alley b. street c. avenue d. road 3. He often got into trouble because he was brusque. a. blunt b. rude c. refined d. curt 4. The reporter’s candid remarks caught the mayoralty candidate off-guard. a. secret b. frank c. well-thought d. reserved 5. The mean boys derided the sickly boy. a. made fun of b. ridiculed c. praised  P a g e | 39 d. abandoned 6. Charm was ecstatic when she won first prize in the short story writing contest. a. melancholic b. overjoyed c. worried d. energetic 7. Migraine headaches are excruciating. a. extremely painful b. mild pain c. painless d. healing 8. The quiz proved to be facile so the students got high scores. a. difficult b. easy c. average d. answerable 9. The garrulous girls were distanced from each other. a. mute b. talkative c. behaved d. quiet 10. The heathens used to practice cannibalism. a. uncivilized people b. barbaric people c. old people d. cultured people 11. Keep on believing that physical disability is not a hindrance to success. a. block  P a g e | 40 b. stepping stone c. opportunity d. difficulty 12. Never operate a machine once you are inebriated. a. sober b. drunk c. sleepy d. active 13. The people inveighed against the sharp increase in oil prices. a. admitted b. amended c. accepted d. deliberated 14. Some people believe that breaking a mirror is a jinx. a. bad luck b. evil c. expensive d. good luck 15. The players were confused when the kibitzers suddenly butted-in during the team’s huddle. a. advisers b. spectators c. onlookers d. crowd 16. The lanky lad stood out among the average-sized students. a. fierce-looking b. gigantic c. short and stout  P a g e | 41 d. tall and thin 17. The sickly dog was given a lethal dose of morphine tablets. a. fatal b. safe c. deadly d. nasty 18. Heinous criminals are truly loathsome. a. repugnant b. foul c. adorable d. nasty 19. We listened attentively to the mellifluous sound produced by the Philippine Philharmonic Orchestra. a. harsh b. resonant c. melodious d. mellow 20. The free medical and dental checkup conducted by the AFP Group is just a proof of their munificence. a. commitment b. generosity c. extravagance d. stingingness 21. Justice calls for penalizing nefarious acts. a. honorable b. detestable c. infamous d. vile  P a g e | 42 22. The Avanti Reviewer Books are noteworthy materials. a. remarkable b. substantial c. trivial d. significant 23. You will never get sufficient nourishment if you are obdurate in refusing to eat vegetables. a. stubborn b. snoopy c. nosey d. interfering 24. Don’t be so obtrusive but instead, mind your own business. a. reserved b. snoopy c. nosey d. interfering 25. I admire people who are modest despite their opulence. a. great wealth b. poverty c. affluence d. lavishness 26. Do you always try to be a paragon of virtue? a. model b. example c. yardstick d. anomaly 27. Tragic stories had so much pathos that it left me feeling down. a. anguish  P a g e | 43 b. woe c. intrigue d. humor 28. Myrna is such a precocious girl who can already read at age three. a. slow learner b. bright c. inquisitive d. advanced 29. She had the quixotic idea that she was a reincarnation of British princess. a. wuild b. fantastic c. realistic d. dreamy 30. The ramshackle building collapsed easily. a. new b. old c. outdated d. shabby 31. An A-rating represents the ultimate honor a film will ever have. a. greatest b. pinnacle c. least d. supreme 32. Juan Luna’s painting abilities are uncanny. a. remarkable b. ordinary c. astonishing d. unbelievable  P a g e | 44 33. Lea Salonga’s performance was utterly delightful. a. somewhat b. entirely c. thoroughly d. absolutely 34. The stong current of the floodwaters caused the wooden bridge to vacillate. a. collapse b. sway c. vibrate d. be firm 35. The vindictive politician spreaed rumors about his opponent. a. revengeful b. forgiving c. spiteful d. malicious 36. If words were swords, then her vitriolic remarks could really kill. a. scathing b. sarcastic c. satirical d. kind 37. Many students vouch for the effectiveness of the Avanti Review classes. a. guarantee b. endorse c. affirm d. refute 38. That yonder youth is more studious than the nearer one. a. lonesome b. farther  P a g e | 45 c. closer d. thither 39. Avanti Tutors are all zealous tutors who nourish eager minds. a. vigorous b. earnest c. indifferent d. enthusiastic 40. Don’t let trivial things upset you. a. important b. trifling c. ordinary d. inconsequential  P a g e | 46 Single-Word Analogy Directions: Choose the word that corresponds to the word that correctly completes each analogy. 1. Moby Dick: Herman Melville || The Old Man and the Sea: ________ a. Charles Dickens b. Ernest Hemingway c. Charles Perrault d. Robert Frost 2. Confucius: China || Mahatma Gandhi: ________ a. India b. Japan c. Africa d. Philippines 3. BIR: Taxes || DPWH: ____________ a. Public Roads b. Houses c. Traffic d. Churches 4. Barangay: Captain || Provincial Government: __________ a. Congressmen b. Mayor c. Senator d. Governor 5. USA: Washington D.C. || Philippines: ________ a. Prime Minister b. King c. Manila  P a g e | 47 d. Cebu 6. Presidential: President || Parliamentary: __________ a. Prime Minister b. King c. House Speaker d. Cardinal 7. Tagbanua: Palawan || Kankanaey: __________ a. Ilocos b. Cavite c. Benguet d. Cebu 8. Pyramid: Egypt || Taj Mahal: _________ a. China b. Japan c. India d. Malaysia 9. Tigris-Euphrates: Mesopotamia || Nile River: _______ a. Egypt b. Greece c. Italy d. Spain 10. Mahabharata: India || Gilgamesh: __________ a. Assyria b. Sumer c. Chaldea d. Babylon 11. Italy: Latin || Greece: _______ a. Grecian  P a g e | 48 b. French c. Greek d. Greece 12. Sistine Madonna: Raphael || Last Supper: __________ a. Michelangelo b. Leonardo da Vinci c. Rembrandt d. Van Gogh 13. Stalagmite: Floor || Stalactite: ______ a. Wall b. Ceiling c. Mouth d. Window 14. Catholic: Priest || Moslem: ________ a. Rajah b. Hajji c. Koran d. Imam 15. Giovanni Boccaccio: Decameron || Niccolo Machiavellli: ______________ a. The Little Prince b. Utopia c. The Prince d. Wealth of Nations 16. Samuel Morse: Telegraph || Alexander Graham Bell: __________ a. telescope b. telephone c. teleportation d. door bell  P a g e | 49 17. Parachute: Andre Jacques Garnerin || Television: ___________ a. John Logie Baird b. William Sony c. John Vincent Crowe d. Howard Aiken 18. Earth is the center: Ptolemy || Sun is the center: ___________ a. Albert Einstein b. Aristotle c. Galileo d. Copernicus 19. Pythagorean Theorem: Pythagoras || Cubic Equation: _________ a. Alfred Noble b. Isaac Newton c. Tartaglia d. Rene Descartes 20. Henry Cavendish: Hydrogen || Henry Priestly: ___________ a. carbonic acid b. oxygen c. radium d. potassium 21. Allied Powers: Russia || Central Powers: _________ a. France b. Britain c. Italy d. Austria 22. Entourage: Attendants || Cortege: __________ a. Procession for a Saint b. Procession in court  P a g e | 50 c. Funeral Procession d. Floral Procession 23. Islet: Small Island || Rivulet: __________ a. Small River b. Small Land c. Small Review d. Small Rebel 24. Conspicuous: Obvious || Hideous: _________ a. hidden b. ugly c. expert in hiding d. very bad 25. nose: nasal || abdomen: ___________ a. abnormal b. abdominal c. abominate d. adenoma 26. agnostic: doubts God’s existence || atheist: ___________ a. denies God’s existence b. denies God as creator c. affirms God’s existence d. affirms God as creator 27. infanticide: killing of infants || genocide: __________ a. killing of genies b. killing of geniuses c. killing of a race or social group d. killing of Geno 28. latrine: toilet || lavatory: _________  P a g e | 51 a. basin b. tub c. sink d. bathroom 29. masticate: chew || eradicate: ____________ a. collect b. count c. complete d. throw 30. sadism: delight in cruelty to others || masochism: __________ a. delight in building houses b. delight in hurting masons c. delight in being abused d. delight in going to Masses 31. Mazurka: Polish || Fandango: ______ a. Russian b. Spanish c. German d. Polish 32. nearsighted: myopia || farsighted: ___________ a. hyperopia b. squint c. double-vision d. blink 33. dyslexia: reading || aphasia: __________ a. muscle coordination b. speech c. eye movement  P a g e | 52 d. memory 34. maitre d’: head of a restaurant || busboy: __________ a. bus conductor b. bus cleaner c. waiter’s help d. head waiter 35. figurine: small figure || heroine: __________ a. small hero b. female hero c. small drug d. female drug 36. xerox: photocopier || Adidas a. athlete’s shoes b. dress shoes c. formal wear d. handsome 37. Sayonara: Goodbye || Bonjour: ________ a. Good luck b. Good day c. Good night d. Good evening 38. supeerfluous: excessive || supersede: __________ a. watch over b. full of seeds c. great seed d. take the place of 39. nativity: Christmas || senakulo: _________ a. advent  P a g e | 53 b. lent c. pentecost d. passover 40. theme: main idea || moral: _________ a. a value b. a desire c. a piece of advice d. a standard  P a g e | 54 Double-Word Analogy Directions: Choose the letter that corresponds to the pair of words that is related in the same way as the given pair of words. 1. blend : mix a. blare : whisper b. bleach : whiten c. blink : blink d. bloom : flower 2. abattoir : slaughterhouse a. quay : wharf b. quack : duck c. snail : slow d. clown : fun 3. marriageable : nubile a. single : group b. music : mobile c. puzzle : answer d. decipherable : comprehensible 4. numismatist : money a. aesthetics : beauty b. fetish : obsession c. linguist : language d. scientist : sense 5. anxious : uneasy a. egocentric : self-centered b. wary : placid c. feeble : strong  P a g e | 55 d. scornful : admirable 6. goat : kid a. bear : cub b. chicken : hen c. dog : Dalmatian d. tiger : tigress 7. key : lock a. litter : trash b. pestle : pound c. table : desk d. sword : scabbard 8. dog : kennel a. whale : pond b. socks : feet c. pig : sty d. eagle : barn 9. book : leaves a. house : kitchen b. chimney : roof c. fan : electricity d. chair : sitting 10. panda : china a. grizzly : Africa b. polar bear : America c. Pooh : Disneyland d. koala : Australia 11. jubilant : morose a. humble : modest  P a g e | 56 b. joyous : happy c. simple : lavish d. pompous : pretentious 12. tiny : microscopic a. uproar : laughter b. large : mammoth c. argument : meeting d. storm : weather 13. to smile : to guffaw a. to walk : to stroll b. to frown : to weep c. to munch : to eat d. to lift : to carry 14. hand : arm a. foot : leg b. hips : sway c. waist : belt d. shoulder : neck 15. pre : post a. anti : pro b. semi : equi c. able : can d. demi : half 16. auditorium : audience a. hall : pictures b. movie house : cinema c. coliseum : spectators d. commuters : transportation  P a g e | 57 17. Edgar Allan Poe : Annabel Lee a. Robert Frost : Medea b. Pygmalion : Galatea c. Chaucer : Antigone d. Shakespeare : Romeo and Juliet 18. advise : counsel a. lead : direct b. loss : lost c. peace : piece d. want : quality 19. perspire : sweat a. clouds : rain b. cry : tears c. fan : wind d. sad : lonely 20. extricate : set free a. journey : far b. liquidate : liquefy c. implicate : involve d. migrate : stay 21. maggot : fly a. caterpilla : leaves b. bees : wasp c. butterfly : moth d. tadpole : frog 22. he : him a. me : I b. they : them  P a g e | 58 c. you : yours d. her : she 23. lie : to recline a. lay : put down b. macabre : beauty c. nab : release d. quench : to thirst 24. igloo : Eskimo a. cavemen : cave b. palace : kings c. destitute : shanty d. bees : beehive 25. dictionary : word meanings: a. alamanac : synonyms b. encyclopedia : word origin c. atlas : maps d. thesaurus : dinosaurs 26. extemporaneous : rehearsed a. live : taped b. momentous : important c. nefarious : wicked d. salubrious : healthful 27. tavern : bar a. inn : hotel b. apartment : loft c. condominium : office d. attic : chimney 28. duchess : duke  P a g e | 59 a. count : countess b. ewe : ram c. gentleman : lady d. wizard : witch 29. dwindle : decrease a. defer : act promptly b. deny : grant c. forge : stop d. multiply : increase 30. prowess : cowardice a. adept : skilled b. adroit : uncoordinated c. garrulous : talkative d. hubris : pride 31. charisma : charismata a. deer : deers b. bacterium : bacteriums c. basis : bases d. eight : eighty’s 32. quintuplet : five a. triplet : three b. quartuplet : four c. doublet : two d. sexton : six 33. attention : attn a. approximate : appro b. bal : balance c. building : bldng  P a g e | 60 d. manager : mgr 34. arachnophobia : fear of spiders a. hydrophobia : fear of wet objects b. claustrophobia : fear of clauses c. photophobia : fear of light d. xenophobia : fear of sin 35. unscrew : tighten a. remove : restore b. relinquish : give up c. sensitive : make sensitive d. stupefy : make insensible 36. verbose : speechless a. voracious : greedy b. vicious : kind c. wanton : lewd d. waspish : irritable 37. COD : cash on delivery a. DST : daylight saving time b. PO : public office c. NA : not appointed d. RSVP : please approve 38. adjacent : near a. congruent : dissimilar b. converge : separate c. deliberate : intentional d. delude : guide 39. firmament : sky a. clouds : air  P a g e | 61 b. moon : planer c. star : gas d. soil : groun 40. languid : strong a. feeble : active b. innocuous : harmless c. opportune : timely d. truculent : restless  P a g e | 62 Identifying Errors Directions: Choose the word or phrases labeled a, b, c, or d which are NOT acceptable in formal written English. Choose e if there is no error. 1. No one were happy about the Mindanao crisis. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 2. The House of Representatives’ decision to decrease the budget for the a. b. c. Department of Education was met with protests. No error. d. e. 3. The Cabinet regularly meet once a week. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 4. Both the Senators and the Congressmen legislates laws. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 5. The Philippine government have three branches of powers: the executive, the a. b. c. d. legislative and the judicial. No error. e. 6. The Supreme Court upholds the highest principles and standards of morality as a. b. c. embodied in the Constitution. No error. d. e. 7. Some historians contests the origin of the Filipino flag. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 8. Some believe that the flag we use now is not the same as the one made by Marcela a. b. c. d. Agoncillo. No error. e.  P a g e | 63 9. Either Prof. Teodoro Agoncillo or Dr. Gregorio F. Zaide affirm the history of our flag. a. b. c. d. No error. e. 10. The news are written immediately to meet the previous deadline. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 11. Attempts is made to locate and restore the last original Filipino flag. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 12. Both Chelle and Charm enjoys reading. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 13. Reading books widens one’s horizons. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 14. If everybody know how to read, then books will never cease to be useful. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 15. No one dares to question how invaluable books are. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 16. Great literary works enriches the vocabulary of their readers. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 17. Have either of the books been returned? No error. a. b. c. d. e. 18. One hundred fifty pesos are the average selling price of one textbook. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 19. One of the machines in the printing press weren’t functioning properly. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 20. Either the teachers or the librarian, take care of the books. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 21. A number of books is regularly donated to public schools. No error. a. b. c. d. e.  P a g e | 64 22. The number of readers continually rise each year. No error. a b c. d e 23. For I, Reader’s Digest is informative as well as entertaining. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 24. The Manila Bulletin has been published the Panorama magazine for over a hundred a. b. c. years. No error. d. e. 25. All children has inherent rights that must be protected. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 26. The editor-in-chief, together with the writers, confers about the contents of their a. b. c. newspapers. No error. d. e. 27. Gorio and Tekla, in addition to Captain Barbel, was a popular comic books during a. b. c. d. the ‘70s. No error. e. 28. Pol Medina has drew the very famous Pugad Baboy characters. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 29. Pugad Baboy first appear in the Philippine Daily Inquirer during the late ‘80s. a. b. c. d. No error. e. 30. Neither Pol Medina nor his friends thinks he will become successful. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 31. Some believes that Mr. Medina’s works satirize the socio-economic condition of the a. b. c.  P a g e | 65 people in our country. No error. d. e. 32. The youth delegates have been sang the National Anthem. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 33. That house and lot in the corner are government-owned. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 34. The number of socialized housing units sponsored by the government increases a. b. c. d. each year. No error. e. 35. A quarter of the government tax collections goes to infrastructure projects. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 36. The beneficiaries of the study grant given by the government will be them. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 37. Studies suggests that exposure to too much violence on television makes one a. b. c. equally violent. No error. d. e. 38. The possible effects of television viewing needs to be explored further. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 39. Every weekdays, Chel and Charm goes to school together. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 40. The Scent of Apples, a story about a Filipino who immigrated to the United States a. b. are written by Bienvenido Santos. No error. c. d. 41. Nick Joaquin, one of the exceptional Filipino writers, is also known for Quijano de  P a g e | 66 a. b. c. d. Manila. No error. e. 42. Some people believes that one could see his future mate by looking into a mirror on a. b. c. d. May day eve. No error. e. 43. Jose Garcia Villa was a recipient of numerous awards, between them, the “National a. b. c. d. Artist Award for Literature”. No error. e. 44. The Far Eastern University (FEU) also gave he a Docotr of Literature honoris causa a. b. in 1959, aside from asking him to be a visiting professor. No error. c. d. e. 45. Between the numerous prose writers, I think Nick Joaquin is the best. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 46. Those are work of famous authors. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 47. The professor asked her a question about they. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 48. Literature seem elusive to people who profess indifference to it. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 49. It appeals both to the readers intellect and passion. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 50. Robert Frost, an American poet, defines litereature as “performance in words.” a. b. c. d.  P a g e | 67 No error. e. 51. Either of the authors have received citations for their remarkable works. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 52. Just like Edgar Allan Poe, it is believed that Nick Joaquin starts getting ideas after a. b. c. he has drank alcoholic beverages. No error. d. e. 53. Computers are widely use nowadays even in preschools. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 54. The number of Computer Science students steadily increases. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 55. AMA, in addition to STI, train students to be proficient in computer use. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 56. Knowledge should always be put to good use. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 57. One of the viruses has infect my brother’s brand new laptop computer. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 58. Internet access allow us to communicate with other people anywhere in the world. a. b. c. d. No error. e. 59. All of the pens are no spent yesterday. No error. a. b. c. d. e. 60. Each computer come with either a compact disk player or a DVD player. No error. a. b. c. d. e.  P a g e | 68 Paragraph Development Directions: Each sentence below, when put in the correct order would make a well- organized paragraph. Decide what should be the correct order of the sentences, then aswer the questions that follow. I. A. The first procedure is that the bill passes through three readings on separate days. B. Otherwise, the bill will go back to the House from where it originated, and it will be deliberated upon again. C. If the President approves the bill, then it shall be deemed a law. D. A bill, before becoming a law, undergoes several procedures. E. On the third reading, the votes of the lawmakers shall be recorded and if the bill is approved, it goes to the President for approval or veto. 1. What should be the first sentence? a. A b. B c. C d. D e. E 2. What should be the fourth sentence? a. A b. B c. C d. D If the following sentence is added as sentence F: It should be ntoed, however, that the President must communicate his veto within thirty days from receipt of the bill, otherwise, the bill is considered to have been approved by him.  P a g e | 69 3. What would the new order of the sentences be? a. B-C-D-E-A-F b. D-B-A-F-C-E c. D-A-E-C-B-F d. A-B-C-D-E-F e. C-B-D-A-E-F II. A. Learning to listen is one way of keeping friends. B. Although listening can really be very tiring on the listener, it may, on the other hand, be comforting to the speaker. C. So learn how to listen, and gain more friends. D. We also show that we care about what goes on in their lives. E. By listening, we show our friends that they are important to us. 4. What should be the third sentence? a. A b. B c. C d. D e. E 5. What should be the fourth sentence? a. A b. B c. C d. D e. E  P a g e | 70 III. A. Hence, it can be said that the President really has a lot of duties and responsibilities. B. He has control over department secretaries and can overrule their decisions. C. Furthermore, the President exercises veto power over bills passed by the Congress. D. Lastly, he is the Chief Executive, executing the laws and rules of the country. E. The president in a presidential system is the Head of the State and the Head of Government 6. What should be the second sentence? a. A b. B c. C d. D e. E 7. What should be the last sentence? a. A b. B c. C d. D e. E IV. A. Not only that, paying taxes also means the government will no longer need to acquire loans to fill the budget deficit. B. Every citizen should lend a hand in pursuing economic progress. C. One way to do it is to pay one’s taxes correctly. D. Paying correct taxes results in increased revenues that the government uses for infrastructure and other projects.  P a g e | 71 E. So be a good citizen and pay your taxes correctly. 8. What should be the second sentence? a. A b. B c. C d. D e. E 9. What should be fourth sentence? a. A b. B c. C d. D e. E 10. What is the appropriate title for the above paragraph? a. Economic Progress b. A Citizen’s Duty c. Taxing the Economy d. Taxes and Economic Progress e. Lend a Hand for Progress  P a g e | 72 Correct Usage Directions: Choose the letter that corresponds to the word or phrase that will correctly complete each sentence. 1. Lily __________ remarkable poems even at her young age. a. rites b. rights c. writes d. write 2. Being too __________ will undoubtedly make other men hate you. a. vane b. vain c. vein d. vanity 3. Due to bad weather, the airline company decided __________ postpone the flight. a. two b. to c. too d. then 4. Drunk driving was the reason for __________ accident. a. their b. they’re c. there d. there are 5. May I __________ your Titanic compact disk? a. borrow b. lend  P a g e | 73 c. loan d. credit 6. __________ the three girls, the eldest is the most diligent. a. Between b. Among c. In d. By 7. Exposure to air pollution will __________ your asthma. a. cure b. deteriorate c. aggravate d. annoy 8. His __________ to Mount Apo was carefully documented. a. assent b. ascent c. descent d. decrease 9. The children __________ the ill effects of war. a. have borne b. have born c. has borne d. had born 10. The teachers distributed different __________ outlines for the students to follow. a. coarse b. corps c. course d. corpse 11. Carl juggles oranges, __________ you?  P a g e | 74 a. why b. may c. should d. can 12. The refugees decided to __________ their homes because of the war. a. desert b. dessert c. deserve d. reserve 13. My sister __________ to Zamboanga seven years ago. a. migrated b. migrating c. immigrated d. immigrating 14. We used __________ sauce for the spahetti last Sunday. a. less b. few c. a number of d. pieces of 15. If we work together, we could finish this __________ in a short time. a. piece b. peace c. please d. peas 16. When the Apartheid Policy was still in effect, the Blacks were __________ by the Whites? a. praised b. hailed  P a g e | 75 c. persecuted d. prosecuted 17. When we __________ the flag, we should all stand up. a. rice b. rise c. risen d. raise 18. The DPWH crew worked __________ the night to repair the damaged bridge. a. thre b. through c. trough d. true 19. __________ the leader of your group? a. Who’s b. Whose c. Which d. Whom’s 20. The village elder told many interesting __________ a. tale b. tail c. tails d. tales 21. Marty __________ Evelyn __________ to dinner. a. asked – out b. asked – after c. called – out d. called – up 22. The celebrant __________ candles after we sang.  P a g e | 76 a. blew off b. blew up c. blew out d. blew over 23. The secretary __________ due to stress. a. broke even b. broke out c. broke in d. broke down 24. The Edsa People’s Revolution __________ the Marcos regime. a. brought in b. brought on c. brought forth d. brought down 25. The unexpected __________ of vehicles along Marcos Highway caused heavy traffic. a. build up b. build on c. build in d. build over 26. After cleaning the entire house, I felt __________. a. burned in b. burned out c. burned up d. burned over 27. The drug pushers tried to __________ the arresting cops. a. buy in b. buy off  P a g e | 77 c. buy out d. buy up 28. The Cabinet meeting was __________ on account of the President’s ill health. a. called in b. called up c. called out d. called off 29. The tele-novela viewers cried helpleslly when they got __________ by the tragedy that befell the main character. a. carried out b. carried away c. carried over d. carried on 30. We should __________ on our expenditures and spend only on our needs. a. cut short b. cut up c. cut back d. cut out 31. People of all races should try to __________ with each other. a. get around b. get along c. get at d. get over 32. We should grow wiser as time __________. a. goes along b. goes by c. goes down d. goes through  P a g e | 78 33. The partying teens were told to __________ the noise. a. hold down b. hold forth c. hold on d. hold with 34. A gust of strong wind __________ the old wooden swing. a. knocked around b. knocked back c. knocked down d. knocked out 35. A number of factory workers were __________ due to retrenchment. a. laid aside b. laid away c. laid off d. laid out 36. We should never __________ people with disabilities for they also have the right to live. a. look down on b. look forward to c. look out to d. look up to 37. Stop __________ your younger brother so he will stop crying. a. picking at b. picking on c. picking out d. picking up 38. Always __________ your best effort in everything you do. a. put across  P a g e | 79 b. pud down c. put forth d. put out 39. Did you help in __________ the table? a. setting apart b. settign back c. setting down d. setting up 40. She __________ the details of the program. a. wrote in b. wrote off c. wrote over d. wrote up  P a g e | 80 Reading Comprehension Directions: Read each selection then answer the questions after each. Choose the letter that corresponds to the correct answer based on the given selections. Example: Virtue, then, is the mean between two vices – the vice arising from excess and the one proceedign from defect. Virtue finds and chooses that which is the mean in both emotion and action – from the Gold Mean by Aristotle 1. What is the golden mean identified by Aristotle? a. Virtue b. Vice c. Emotion d. Action A. “All animals wage perpetual war; every species is born to devour another. Not one, not even sheep or doves, that does not swallow a prodigious number of invisible creatures. Males make war for the females, like Menelaus and Paris. Air, earth, water, are fields of carnage. God having given reason to men, this reason might teach them no to emulate the brutes, particularly when nature has provided them neither with arms to kill their fellows nor with a desire for their blood.” “Can there be anything more horrible in all nature?” - Voltaire 1. Which of the following is the reason given why there is war? a. Desire for what others have. b. To exact revenge for a wrongdoing. c. To fight over women. d. To prove that one’s race is better than the other. 2. What is the author’s stand on war? a. It is horrible b. It is important  P a g e | 81 c. It is a means to control population d. It is a natural product of man’s reason. 3. What is the best title for the selection? a. War b. The Products of War c. The Need for War d. The Elements of War 4. What does statement “All animals wage perpetual war...” mean? a. All war never ends. b. There is always some kind of war occuring someplace. c. Only animals and not man engage in war. d. All animals make war all the time. B. Tell me not in mournful numbers, Life is but an empty dream! – For the soul is dead that slumbers, And things are not what they seem. Life is real! Life is earnest! And the grave is not its goal; Dust thou art, to dust returnest, Was not spoken of the soul. Not enjoyment, and not sorrow, Is our destined end or way; But to act that each tomorrow Find us farther than today. - excerpt from: A Psalm of Life by Hnery Wadsworth Longfellow  P a g e | 82 5. What is the poet’s view on life? a. Life is empty. b. Life is lonely c. Life is an empty dream d. Life is not an empty dream. 6. What is the antecedent of the pronoun its in the line “And the grave is not its goal;”? a. dream b. life c. real d. earnest 7. According to the author, what should be our goal in life? a. To enjoy each moment b. To act and continually improve our life day by day. c. To beat sorrow. d. To die happily. C. Dreams by Langston Hughes Hold fast to dreams For if dreams die Life is a broken-winged bird That cannot fly. Hold fast to dreams For when dreams go Life is a barren field Frozen with snow.  P a g e | 83 8. What figure of speech did the author use in the first stanza? a. simile b. hyperbole c. metaphor d. irony 9. The author is a South African Negro during the Apartheid Policy when most blacks were treated as inferior. To what could he be alluding to in the last two lines of the poem? a. white people b. slaves c. snow d. ice 10. What effect does the poem have upon the Negroes? a. It made them more sad b. It made them feel downtrodden c. It increased their anger towards Whites d. It increased their determination. 11. Which statement is not a correct inference based on the poem? a. Blacks and Whites enjoy equal rights. b. Blacks are treated inferior over Whites. c. Blacks also have dreams of a better life. d. Whites enjoy more rights over Blacks. D. “Only two things in life are certain, Benjamin Franklin once remarked: death and taxes. But there is one other unpleasant uncertainty: criticism. No one escapes it entirely. And often our careers, our emotional stability, our happiness depend on how we react to it...” “...A Disraeli once remarked. ‘It is much easier to be critical than correct’ – so there will always be plenty of critics in the world, some well intentioned, others cruel. You can defend yourself against the unkind ones by learning to control your emotional reactions, by adopting a calm and rational attitude and by honestly trying to help your critics to rid  P a g e | 84 themselves of their anger. But in the last analysis, your best defense is your own day-to- day conduct. It is keeping your moral standards high. It is having a clear conscience. It is living a life without any necessity whatever for deception or for concealment.” - Norman Vincent Peale 12. Why should we all learn how to cope with criticism? a. Because reacting to criticism only warns one’s heart. b. Because reacting to criticism sometimes leads to further trouble. c. Because reacting to criticism makes one fulfilled. d. Because criticism are always correct. 13. According to the author, what is the best defense against criticism? a. a person’s ability to counter-criticize b. one’s ability to act with deaf ears c. one’s day to day conduct d. one’s anger 14. Why is it easier to be critical than correct? a. Because it is easier to find a flaw in someone else. b. Because it is easier to control another person’s opinion. c. Because some people are able to control their opinion. d. Because some people find it easier to praise other people. 15. What is the best title for the above selection? a. Criticisms, its Uses and Abuses b. How to Cope with Criticisms c. The Ups and Downs of Criticisms d. Best Criticisms E. Hair goes on growing after a person dies because the cells of the body go on working until they have exhausted their fuel supply.  P a g e | 85 The hair follicle is composed of two layers – an outer layer of cells forming the outer root sheath and an inner layer of horny, bigrous oblong cells. The hair grows upwards from the bottom of the follicle by multiplication of the soft cells, which becomes elongated and pigmented to form the fiber-like substance of the hair shaft. The soft cells at the base of the follicle need the nourishment brought to them and all the other cells of the body by the bloodstream. - from Book of Questions and Answers Octopus Press 16. A person’s fingernails, just like the hair, keeps on growing even after a person’s death. What could account for this occurence? a. The dead person’s body keeps on producing new cells to continue the growth of the fingernails and hair. b. The dead person’s body preserve all the cells so hair and nail growth continue c. The energy supply of the cells of the hair and the nails have not yet been fully exhausted so growth still continues. d. Hair and nails just never stop growing. 17. What would happen to the soft cells at the base of the follicle if no nourishment comes in? a. They would stop multiplying b. They would produce white hair c. They would go on dividing. d. They would harden. 18. What could possibly explain the occurrence of white hair? a. The soft cells produces white pigment which gives the hair its white color. b. The soft cells die which gives the hair its white color. c. The absence of pigments from the follicle accounts for white hair. d. The absence of follicle due to old age causes white hair. 19. Which of the following statements is NOT true? a. Hair follicle is composed of two layers. b. Hair grows from the tip of the follicle.  P a g e | 86 c. Hair follicle is composed of soft cells. d. The soft cells need the nourishment brought in through the bloodstream. F. The concepts of Epicureanism are largely known to us through Lucretius, rather than Epicurus. The latter born on Athenian citizen in Samos in 341, founded his school in his garden, a symbol of retirement from the world, in 306 and died in 270 B.C. For the Epicurean, the universe was chaotic and anarchic, composed of atoms and the void. All knowledge was acquired by sense perception; observation was therefore essential to understanding. There were an infinite number of worlds, formed by the chance combination of atoms in infinite space. The gods, unconcerned about human affairs, lived in the void between the different worlds. They were not to be regarded superstitiously or feared, only to be envied. Man himself was made up of body and soul. Death was not to be feared. There was no such thing as immortality; after death, atoms of the soul were scattered. The aim of life therefore was pleasure, the pursuit of which brought about happiness, the final end. The injunection to follow nature meant, seek pleasure. Everything was desirable insofar as it led to pleasure, but above all, the aim was absence of pain and the achievement of peace and mind. This would be obtained personally by self- control, the mastery and limitation of desires as far as possible to those that were strictly necessary. Also, it implied limitation of social relationships – “live unknown” – refusal to be involved in family or political affairs, skepticism toward religion, which the Epicureans considered largely superstition. - from The Great Political Theories, Vol. 1 by Michael Curtis 20. Who was born an Athenian citizen in Samos in 341 B.C.? a. Plato b. Aristotle c. Lucretius  P a g e | 87 d. Epicurus 21. What do the Epicureans think about the universe? a. It was disorderly with an absence of rule. b. It was orderly and without a ruler c. It was atomic and filled with objects and humans. d. The universe was full of life moving in and orderly manner. 22. What was the Epicureans’ ultimate goal? a. The pursuit of being godlike b. To bring order out of the chaos. c. The pursuit of happiness d. To bring chaos into the world. 23. Epicureans had a different view about religion. What was it? a. Religion controls man. b. Religion brings man closer to God. c. Religion is merely a superstition. d. Religion is man’s way of knowing God. 24. Which of the following is not a belief of the Epicureans? a. There should be no limit to man’s desires. b. Man should exercise restraint and self-control. c. Man should live unknown. d. Limit desires to those which are strictly necessary. G. What is the happy life? Self-sufficiency and abiding tranquility. This is the gift of greatness of soul, the gift of constancy which perserves in a course judged right. How can these attitudes be attained? By surveying truth in its entirety, by safeguarding in every action order, measure, decorum, a will that is without malice and benign, focused indeviatingly upon reason, once amiable and admirable. The wise man’s soul should have the quality of a god’s. What can a man desire if he possesses everything  P a g e | 88 that is honorable? If the dishonorable can contribute to the optimum state, then the happy life will be comprised of elements other than honorable. And what could be meaner or stupider than to weave the good of the rational soul out of irrational strands? 25. What constitutes a happy life? a. attainment of everything that one desires b. being at peace with everyone c. self-sufficiency and tranquility d. none of the above 26. How can one attain a happy life, according to Seneca? a. by being hypocritical b. by getting what one wants no matter what the cost c. both a and b d. none of the above 27. What is an indication that a man’s soul is already like that of a god’s? a. He is at peace with others. b. He desires everything. c. He attains everything he desires without limitation. d. He discerns truth, focuses upon reason, has a will that is without malice. 28. Which of the following statements is NOT true based on the selection? a. Self-sufficiency does not bring happiness. b. Greatness of soul is attainable. c. Man should aim to have a soul like that of a god’s. d. Man should not desire that which is dishonorable. H. Love in the Open Han by Edna St. Vincent Millay  P a g e | 89 Not in a silver casket cool with pearls, Or rich with red corundum or with blue, Locked, and the key withheld, as other girls. Have given their loves, I give my love to you: Not in a lover’s knot, not in a ring Worked in such fashion, and the legend plain- Semper Fidelis, where a secret spring Kennels a drop of mischief in the brain: Love in the open hand, nothing but that, Ungemmed, unhidden, wishing not to hurt, As one should bring you cowslips in a hat Swung from the hand, or apples in her skirt, I bring you, calling out as children do: “Look what I have! – and these are all of you.” 29. What stanza states the main idea of the poem? a. stanza 1 b. stanza 2 c. stanza 3 d. main idea is implied 30. What figure of speech was used in the third stanza? a. simile b. metaphor c. personification d. hyperbole  P a g e | 90 31. What does the author refer to in the last line “Look what I have! – and these are all for you.”? a. her gifts b. her love c. her apples d. her skirt 32. According to the author, how should one manifest his love for someone? a. with reservation b. little by little c. witwh fancy trappings d. without reservation or restrictions 33. What is the gender of the persona in the poem? a. common b. masculine c. neuter d. feminine I. One day, the guru and his young disciples were seated on the bank of the river, talking and praying together. An uprooted tree came floating down the river and caught in the bank just in front of them. Caught in the branches of the tree was a scorpion which must have been trapped on the tree when it was uprooted by the floodwater upstream. The guru knew that, inevitably, the scorpion would fall from the tree and be drowned in the river. So he reached his hand out to take the scorpion from the tree and to put it safely on land. But as he reached out to rescue the scorpion, it stung his hand, and the guru had to take his hand away in pain. After a moment, the guru reached out to rescue the scorpion again, and the scorpion stung him again. The guru kept trying to save the scorpion and the scorpion kept  P a g e | 91 stinging him until his hand was red and swollen in pain. Finally, one of the young disciples could control himself no longer and he burst out: “Master, why do you keep trying to rescue that foolish scorpion that doesn’t even want to be saved?” The guru looked very patiently at the impetuous young disciple and said: “Should I be untrue to my nature which is to be compassionate just because this scorpion is being true to its nature to sting?” 34. Why did the guru attempt to remove the scorpion from the branches? a. Because he did no want the scorpion to die. b. Because he hates scorpions. c. Because he wants to throw the scorpion into the waters d. Because the scorpion might sting someone else. 35. What does the statement, “Should I be untrue to my nature which is to be compassionate just because this scorpion is being true to its nature to sting?” mean? a. One should always be compassionate even if it is not properly reciprocated. b. One should stop giving if it hurts. c. One should be compassionate only to hose who know how to appreciate. d. One should always count one’s blessings. 36. What is the best title for selection? a. The Scorpion b. The Guru c. True Compassion d. The Sting J. Although many quarts of blood pass through the heart each day, the heart cannot utilize the blood within itself, but rather is sustained by branches of arteries originating  P a g e | 92 externally. These coronary arteries can become blocked by the deposition of fatty material (inlcuding cholesterol), connective tissue fibers, and calcium deposited in the vessel walls. If the blockage is severe, numerous heart muscle cells become oxygen starved and the heart stops. In less sever cases, only part of the heart muscle dies as a result of the blockage. The dead muscle is replaced by scar tissue and the heart continues to function, though less efficiently. Diet, stress, smoking, and alcohol all contribute to the problem of heart attacks. Interestingly, although fats in the diet are often blamed for the heart attacts, about 70% of the heart’s energy requirement normally is derived from oxidation of fatty acids. from: Biology by Norstog and Meyerriecks 37. What statement is NOT true based on the selection? a. Scar tissue replaces dead heart muscles. b. The heart is sustained by branches of arteries originating externally. c. Oxygen is essential for the heart muscles to function properly. d. The heart utilizes the blood within itself. 38. Coronary arteries can become blocked by a. food deposits. b. blood deposits c. too much oxygen in the blood. d. deposits of fatty materials, connective tissue fibers and calcium. 39. What causes heart stoppage? a. absence of carbon in the heart muscles b. presence of cholesterol in the heart muscles c. absence of oxygen in the heart muscles d. presence of oxygen in the heart muscles 40. Fats in the diet - a. are always useless.  P a g e | 93 b. normally provides the heart’s energy requirement. c. always causes heart blockage. d. normally gets wasted. K. Cancer is a disease in which cells somehow become activated into uncontrolled multiplication and thus produce an overgrowth, or tumor, composed of malformed, malignanat cells. Cancerous tumors can occur in almost any tissue of the body, although some are more often affected than others. Three general kinds of cancer, named after the tissues most often affected, are recognized: carcinomas (from karkinoma, the Greek word for cancer), which commonly involve epithelila tissue (epidermis and lining membranes); sarcomas (Greek sarkoma, “flesh”), which affect mainly connective tissues, including bone; and leukemias, which start in the bone marrow and lymphatic tissues and spread in the blood and lymph. from: Biology by Norstog and Meyerriecks 41. How does cancer occur? a. Cells reproduce what is normally enough b. The cells replace the dead cells in the body. c. The cells uncontrollably multiply producing malignant cells. d. The cells naturally reproduce malformed, malignant cells. 42. It is believed that cancer a. can occur in any tissue of the body. b. affects certain tissues of the body more than it does to other tissues c. borth a and b d. neither a nor b 43. What do you call the type of cancer which affects connective tissues? a. carcinoma b. sarcoma  P a g e | 94 c. leukemia d. all of the above 44. Cancer found in the skin would most likely be classifed as a. carcinoma b. sarcoma c. leukemia d. dermacoma 45. What is the basis for the classification of cancers? a. the cancer’s size and weight b. the cancer’s location and the tissue affected c. the cancer’s length of existence d. the cancer’s extent of growth L. When the tissues of the body are wounded, several events occur that resist the loss of blood from the cut vessels and begin the healing processes. At the wound site, blood platelets swell and burst, releasing chemicals that cause the arteries to constric and thus slow the loss of blood. The platelets also initiate a process that results in activation of prothrombin activator, an enzyme that converts a blood-protein constituent called prothrombin to thrombin. In the presence of calcium ions, thrombin catalyzes the conversion of another blood-protein component, fibrinogen, into fibrin threads. The fibrin threads form a fine meshwork in the blood and together with trapped cells and other blood particles make a clot and block further the escape of blood from the wound. In the hereditary disease hemophilia, there is a deficiency in the factors that activate the formation of prothromb