Chapter 1: Evolution Of Psychology PDF

-  Development of Psychology : soul Psyche logos : Study of Beginnings : studying questions...

-  Development of Psychology : soul Psyche logos : Study of Beginnings : studying questions about the mind ancient Greece - socrates - Aristotle Renaissance Rene Descartes : dualism Physiology InsightInto the mind and body gained through systematic empirical - , methods. Philosophy and Physiology intellectual parents Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920) Father of Psychology University of Leipzig Germany , - campaigned to make psychology an Independent discipline - established the first laboratory for the study of psychologyIn 1879 Psychology born In 1879 , first Journal in 1881 Wilhelm Wundt's International Influence Leipzig , the place to study psychology - Graduates of Wundts Program set up new labs across Europe and North America. 6 Stanley Hall (1846-1924) , Johns Hopkins university - established the first Psychology laboratory in the U S.. In 1883 Between 1883 and 1893 , 24 new laboratories in North America People went to America for "the world" who looking they - were new so were more open to psychology Stanley Hall the first Phd in north America first President of - were , an american Physchological association , 1883 In America, 1882 - first journal for psychology  schools of thought structuralism us. Functionalism Structuralism Edward Titchener : Formal Physiologist training , med - training at Harvard - Influenced by Darwin the function of Investigate consciousness - led to Investigation of mental testing developmental Patterns - , and sex differences created the first textbook of psychology in 1890 - Mary Caulkins , Student of W James President the -. , first female of apa. Wouldn't give her a phd from Harvard , wouldn't recognize her. - M. Washvern , got the first female with a Phd. Created the book called "Animal mind" on behaviorism. William known for quote "Strings of consciousness" thought your - mind wasn't static and it was always running - 1892 Ed migrated to America. Leta Hollingsworth, coined the term gifted challenged gender differences. - , Behaviorism John B Watson (1878-1958). - Control and predict United States B F.. Skinner (1904-1990) : USA - founder of Behaviorism - environmental factors determine behavior Psychology= Scientific study of behavior Behavior = Overt or observable responses or activities radical reorientation of Psychology science of observable behavior - as a - Study of consciousness abandoned - believed you can only measure objective things aka what you can see (objective behavior - believed everything was controlled by environment  responses that lead to positive outcomes repeated ; responses that lead to negative outcomes - are are not repeated - Beyond Freedom and Dignity - Controversy regarding free will - Environmentalist - Frequency of a response is contingent on the consequences of the response Concept of the unconscious mind Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) : Austria founded Psychoanalytic school of thought Emphasis on unconscious processesInfluencing behavior - unconscious : outside conscious awareness Id Id Primitive Part of US-sexual and aggression (Pleasure) Ego : Reality ego superego : wants needs Superego : - , ,. ,... (morals morality ( , - motivators ? Sex and aggression - sources of data ? memories , dreams - Techniques ? Free association , hypnosis Working together against what they I need. - to want or each other working get Humanistic Revolt (we do have free will 1950's : opposition to psychoanalytic theory and behaviorism New school of thought : Humanism - led by Abraham Maslow (1908-1970) - Carl Rogers (1902-1987) the idea of right or wrong , your parents will only love you if... to be worthy it must be earned. - emphasis on the unique qualities of humans : Freedom and personal growth Psychology in Canada Earliest university PsychologyCourses at Dalhousie under umbrella of Philosophy First experimental lab at UToronto in 1891 CPA 1939 ; first female president Mary Wright Female Psychologists : Milner ; Ainsworth (studied Separation anxiety detachment , wright ; Kimora female) , (looking at brain , Cognition (in male and. Overall human Communication. 201 Century World war I ↑ demand for mental testing World war 2 ↑ demand for recruit screening need for psychology counseling for Veterans Result - > Clinical psychology programs APS - American Psychological Society - created as result of the new applied programs (1988). Strictly researchers ↑modern Era Cognitive perspective e.. Jean g Piaget-1960's problem-solving , in children Physiological Perspective (split brain research) People were severe epilepsy eg. Roger Sperry-1981 , Nobel prize for split-brain work - Hebb-McGill U, looking at brain mechanisms specific to different behaviors (biological basis of behavior Evolutionary Perspective - how people use different types of adaptive behavior to survive (Instinctual) - Research was done on males , (white and middle class). Trying to solve a female issue on males. Cross-cultural Perspective e.. g is depression felt in the same way in Auckland , SJ , Shanghai ? * ethnocentrism : The to view one's standard for tendency own group as superior to others and as a judging the worth/ways of others. Positive Perspective (Selgman) positive subjective experiences - - Positive individual traits - positive institutions and communities seven themes organizing Psychology as a field of study : Empirical theoretically , diverse , evolves in socionistral Context behavior : - Determine by multiple cases Shaped by cultural heritage - - Influenced jointly by heredity and environment