CH1. Introduction Medical Ethics (1).pdf

MOHAMMED AL-MANA COLLEGE FOR MEDICAL SCIENCES CH 1: Introduction to Medical Ethics MOHAMMED AL-MANA COLLEGE FOR MEDICAL SCIENCES LECTURE OBJECTIVES ❑ Define philosophy ❑Explain the relationship between different the branches of Philosophy and Ethics ❑ Define Medical Ethics ❑ Explain the similar...

MOHAMMED AL-MANA COLLEGE FOR MEDICAL SCIENCES CH 1: Introduction to Medical Ethics MOHAMMED AL-MANA COLLEGE FOR MEDICAL SCIENCES LECTURE OBJECTIVES ❑ Define philosophy ❑Explain the relationship between different the branches of Philosophy and Ethics ❑ Define Medical Ethics ❑ Explain the similarities and differences between Ethics and Morals MOHAMMED AL-MANA COLLEGE FOR MEDICAL SCIENCES Great people have great values and great ethics. TODAY'S QUOTE Jeffrey Gitomer MOHAMMED AL-MANA COLLEGE FOR MEDICAL SCIENCES LECTURE OUTLINE ❑ Introduction to Philosophy & Ethics ❑Branches of Philosophy ❑ Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics ❑Medical Ethics ❑Ethics vs. Morality ❑Moral Balance MOHAMMED AL-MANA COLLEGE FOR MEDICAL SCIENCES Think, Pair and Share What makes something ethical? What makes something right or wrong? MOHAMMED AL-MANA COLLEGE FOR MEDICAL SCIENCES Introduction Ethics is the study of standards of right or wrong behavior. The rational reflection on what is right, what is wrong, what is just, what is unjust, what is good & what is bad in terms of human behavior. MOHAMMED AL-MANA COLLEGE FOR MEDICAL SCIENCES Introduction to Philosophy & Ethics The Western philosophical tradition begins with Socrates, Plato, & Aristotle. Here in the center is Aristotle, right, and Plato, his teacher on the left. While Plato was concerned with the study of reality (metaphysics), Aristotle was concerned with Biology, Physics, and Ethics. Introduction to Philosophy & Ethics Philo Greek – Love English Sophia Greek – Wisdom English the term "philosophy" means, "love of wisdom”. Personal Reflection: What is wisdom? Wisdom is the study of the quality of having experience, knowledge, and good judgement; the quality of being wise. The term "philosophy" means, "love of wisdom." In a broad sense, philosophy is an activity people undertake when they seek to understand fundamental truths about themselves, the world in which they live, and their relationships to the world and to each other. MOHAMMED AL-MANA COLLEGE FOR MEDICAL SCIENCES MOHAMMED AL-MANA COLLEGE FOR MEDICAL SCIENCES Group Work 1. What is the difference between wisdom & knowledge? 2. Do we need both for a good life? Branches of Philosophy MOHAMMED AL-MANA COLLEGE FOR MEDICAL SCIENCES Epistemology (Truth) Aesthetics (Beauty) • Nature & Art • Literature & Music Ethics (Good Life & Duty) • Psychology & Anthropology • Politics Political Philosophy • (Logic) of Language/Meaning Bioethics : Environmental & Medical Ethics • Business Ethics Philosophy of Religion • Existential Problems MOHAMMED AL-MANA COLLEGE FOR MEDICAL SCIENCES Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics Ethics is interested in questions suc as: What is a Good Life? What is human thriving ( to do well or successful) ? What should I do? What is my duty or obligation? MOHAMMED AL-MANA COLLEGE FOR MEDICAL SCIENCES Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics This relates to the Medical field by examining what is: ▪ Good for the patient for thriving ▪ Good for health care providers ▪ Necessary for the integrity & value of health care & medical practices MOHAMMED AL-MANA COLLEGE FOR MEDICAL SCIENCES Medical Ethics Medical Ethics Explores the values and codes that are or ought to be relevant in Medical Practices and Medical Institutions. MOHAMMED AL-MANA COLLEGE FOR MEDICAL SCIENCES Ethics vs. Morality Ethics and morals relate to “right” and “wrong” conduct. While they are sometimes used interchangeably, they are slightly different: Ethics refer to rules provided by an external source, e.g., codes of conduct in workplaces or principles in religions. Morals refer to an individual’s internal, private principles regarding right and wrong. An ethical code must be followed at work, while a moral code is what informs one’s personal integrity, sourced from religious, family, & cultural values. MOHAMMED AL-MANA COLLEGE FOR MEDICAL SCIENCES Examples of Ethics and morals Sharing one’s food is kind & moral, while following ethical protocols at work is professional & ethical. MOHAMMED AL-MANA COLLEGE FOR MEDICAL SCIENCES Group Work Ethical vs Unethical conducts at the workplace: Create two lists of examples of some right and wrong conducts at the workplace. MOHAMMED AL-MANA COLLEGE FOR MEDICAL SCIENCES Example of the conflict between ethics and morals MOHAMMED AL-MANA COLLEGE FOR MEDICAL SCIENCES You witnessed your co-worker accessing confidential data without proper authorization. They asked you to promise not tell anyone. You gave your promise. Both of you knew that this is not allowed in the company. This situation represents a few problems. The promise ought not to have been given in the first place because it is both immoral and unethical to aid a colleague in violating the company’s privacy policy. Given the error in judgment in offering a promise in this situation, one now faces an ethical dilemma of whether to preserve the colleague’s trust in violation of the policy, or preserve your own professional integrity in protecting confidential data. MOHAMMED AL-MANA COLLEGE FOR MEDICAL SCIENCES Moral Balance Ethics is a complicated area of thought & practice, lacking absolutes between excess and deficiency (too much and too little), seek balance & harmony. Harmony with patient, colleagues, self, and Allah MOHAMMED AL-MANA COLLEGE FOR MEDICAL SCIENCES OPEN DISCUSSION MOHAMMED AL-MANA COLLEGE FOR MEDICAL SCIENCES QUESTIONS & ANSWERS References • Doherty, R (2020). Ethical Dimensions in the Health Professions 7th Edition. Elsevier. • Code of Medical Ethics prepared by Southern Illinois University Schools of Medicine and Law 2004-2005 Edition. • Williams, B. (1986). Ethics and the Limits of Philosophy. Harvard University Press.