Cell Membrane Transport MCQs PDF

1 Cell Biology and molecular biology Associate professor Dr. Samuel Tanas, M.D., Ph.D. , M.Sc. Clinical Biochemistry Question Bank Cell Membrane Transport MCQs 1. What is...

1 Cell Biology and molecular biology Associate professor Dr. Samuel Tanas, M.D., Ph.D. , M.Sc. Clinical Biochemistry Question Bank Cell Membrane Transport MCQs 1. What is the main function of the cell membrane? A) Energy production B) Protein synthesis C) Regulate the movement of substances in and out of cell D) DNA replication 2. Which of the following processes does not require energy? A) Active transport B) Endocytosis C) Facilitated diffusion D) Exocytosis 3. The movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane is known as: A) Diffusion B) Osmosis C) Active transport D) Endocytosis 4. Which of the following is an example of active transport? A) Sodium-potassium pump B) Simple diffusion C) Osmosis Associate professor Dr. Samuel Tanas, M.D., Ph.D. , M.Sc. Clinical Biochemistry  2 D) Facilitated diffusion 5. What is facilitated diffusion? A) Movement of molecules from high to low concentration without help B) Movement of molecules through transport proteins from high to low concentration C) Movement of molecules from low to high concentration using ATP D) Movement of water molecules through a semi- permeable membrane 6. Which protein is involved in active transport? A) Carrier proteins B) plasma proteins C) Aquaporins D) None of the above 7. Which type of transport allows small nonpolar molecules to cross the membrane? A) Osmosis B) Simple diffusion C) Facilitated diffusion D) Active transport 8. The movement of ions against their concentration gradient is called: A) Passive transport B) Active transport C) Simple diffusion D) Osmosis Associate professor Dr. Samuel Tanas, M.D., Ph.D. , M.Sc. Clinical Biochemistry  3 9. Which process involves the cell membrane engulfing large particles? A) Exocytosis B) Pinocytosis C) Endocytosis D) Diffusion 10. What kind of transport is the sodium-potassium pump an example of? A) Facilitated diffusion B) Osmosis C) Passive transport D) Active transport 11. Which process involves vesicles fusing with the plasma membrane and releasing their contents outside the cell? A) Endocytosis B) Exocytosis C) Pinocytosis D) Phagocytosis 12. What is the driving force for passive transport? A) ATP B) Concentration gradient C) Actin D) None of the above Associate professor Dr. Samuel Tanas, M.D., Ph.D. , M.Sc. Clinical Biochemistry  4 13. Which molecules pass through the cell membrane via simple diffusion? A) Glucose B) lipophilic molecules C) Sodium ions D) Proteins 14. What is the main purpose of the sodium-potassium pump in neurons? A) To produce ATP B) To maintain sodium outside and potassium inside cells C) To facilitate osmosis D) To break down glucose 15. Which transport process requires the direct use of ATP? A) Facilitated diffusion B) Active transport C) Osmosis D) Simple diffusion 16. What happens during osmosis? A) Water moves from a low concentration of water to a high concentration of water B) Water moves from a low concentration of solute to a high concentration of solute C) Solutes move from a low concentration of water to a high concentration of water D) Solutes move across the membrane freely Associate professor Dr. Samuel Tanas, M.D., Ph.D. , M.Sc. Clinical Biochemistry  5 17. Which of the following substances is most likely to require a protein carrier to cross the membrane? A) Oxygen B) lipophilic substances C) Glucose D) Carbon dioxide 18. Which protein is involved in the diffusion of water? A) Sodium-potassium pump B) Aquaporins C) Carrier proteins D) Channel proteins 19. Which process involves engulfing liquid droplets into the cell? A) Pinocytosis B) Phagocytosis C) Endocytosis D) Exocytosis 20. The difference in concentration of a substance across a membrane is called: A) Diffusion B) Gradient C) Equilibrium D) Active transport 21. What type of molecules require endocytosis for transport into the cell? A) Small nonpolar molecules B) Large polar molecules Associate professor Dr. Samuel Tanas, M.D., Ph.D. , M.Sc. Clinical Biochemistry  6 C) Small ions D) Gases 22. Phagocytosis involves the intake of: A) large Solids B) large Liquids C) Gases D) small Ions 23. The lipid bilayer is primarily permeable to: A) Water-soluble molecules B) Large proteins C) nonpolar molecules D) Ions 24. What is the role of ion channels in membrane transport? A) To carry large molecules across the membrane B) To open and allow ions to pass C) To actively pump substances against their concentration gradient D) To break down ATP 25. Which type of solution would cause a cell to shrink due to water loss? A) Isotonic B) Hypertonic C) Hypotonic D) Tonic Associate professor Dr. Samuel Tanas, M.D., Ph.D. , M.Sc. Clinical Biochemistry  7 26. When a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, it will: A) Shrink B) Swell C) Stay the same size D) Lose proteins 27. In which direction does water move during osmosis? A) From a region of low solute concentration to high solute concentration B) From high solute concentration to low solute concentration C) Along its concentration gradient D) Against its concentration gradient 28. What is the function of the sodium- potassium pump in cells? A) To pump sodium out of the cell B) To pump protons (H⁺) across membranes C) To produce ATP D) To allow the diffusion of ions 29. What happens when a cell is placed in an isotonic solution? A) The cell shrinks B) The cell swells C) There is no net movement of water D) The cell bursts Associate professor Dr. Samuel Tanas, M.D., Ph.D. , M.Sc. Clinical Biochemistry  8 30. What type of molecule cannot easily pass through the cell membrane? A) Small nonpolar molecules B) large polar molecules C) Oxygen D) Carbon dioxide 31. What is a key characteristic of passive transport? A) Requires ATP B) Moves substances according to the concentration gradient C) Moves substances against their concentration gradient D) Uses vesicles 32.Which ion is typically pumped out of cells using active transport? A) Sodium (Na⁺) B) Potassium (K⁺) C) Chloride (Cl⁻) D) Calcium (Ca²⁺) Associate professor Dr. Samuel Tanas, M.D., Ph.D. , M.Sc. Clinical Biochemistry