BLG 101- Anatomy and Physiology (Lecture 1).pdf

BLG 101- Anatomy and Physiology September 9th 2024 (Lecture 1) Course description: - A comprehensive investigation into the cells and tissues of the human body Specific content will include homeostasis and how it is maintained in the healthy human body. An exploration of cellular physiology...

BLG 101- Anatomy and Physiology September 9th 2024 (Lecture 1) Course description: - A comprehensive investigation into the cells and tissues of the human body Specific content will include homeostasis and how it is maintained in the healthy human body. An exploration of cellular physiology and the nucleus as the control center of the cell Investigation into the four primary tissues of the body: epithelium tissue connective tissue muscle tissue nervous tissue the basics of the nervous system *Slides are the most important material for quizzes and midterms, use the textbook for more reassurance and give you deeper information to help with studies - Quizzes are about 10-15 question multi choice or true or false questions - 70 -100 marks for each quiz Chemistry and Physiological reactions Body is made out of many chemical Chemistry underlines all physiological reactions: - Movement, digestion, pumping of heart, nervous system Chemistry can be broken down into: - Basic chemistry - Biochemistry  Part 1 - Basic Chemistry 2.1 Matter and Energy Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space - Matter can be seen, smelled, and/or felt - Weight is mass plus the effects of gravity States of matter: - Matter can exist in 3 possible states Solid: definite shape and volume Liquid: changeable shape, definite volume Gas: changeable shape and volume Energy is capacity to do work or put matter into motion - Energy does not have mass, nor does it take up space - The greater the work done, the more energy it uses up Kinetic vs Potential energy - Energy exists into 2 possible forms: Kinetic - energy in action Potential - stored (inactive) energy Energy can be transformed from potential to kinetic energy - Stored energy can be released, resulting in action. Forms of energy - Chemical energy Stored in bonds of chemical substances - Electrical energy Results from movement of charged particles  - Mechanical energy Directly involved in moving matter - Radiant or electromagnetic energy Travels in wave (e.g. heat, visible light, ultraviolet light, and X rays) Energy form conversions - Energy may be converted from one form to another e.g. : turning on a lamp converts electrical energy to light energy - Energy conversion is inefficient Some energy is ‘lost’ as heat, which can be partly unusable energy Energy cannot be created or destroyed therefore it can only be stored or transferred 2.2 Atoms and elements All matter is composed of elements - Elements are substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary chemical methods Four elements make up 96% of body: - Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen - 9 elements make up 3.9% of body - 11 elements make up