BIOL-102 - Chapter 33 Summary (3).docx

**[Lymphatic System Functions:]** excess fluid to the bloodstream absorb the fat produce and maintain and distributes lymphocytes (WBC) lymphocytes fight against bacteria, viruses, cancer cells, or toxins **[Primary & Secondary Lymphoid Organs:]** all the below are primary: red bone marrow (B...

**[Lymphatic System Functions:]** excess fluid to the bloodstream absorb the fat produce and maintain and distributes lymphocytes (WBC) lymphocytes fight against bacteria, viruses, cancer cells, or toxins **[Primary & Secondary Lymphoid Organs:]** all the below are primary: red bone marrow (B cells), and thymus (T cells) they\'re places where white blood cells mature, and lymph nodes (they swell whenever there is an infection indicating something is wrong), spleen(recycles blood) ,tonsils (they protect the respiratory system), Peyer patches (absorb the fat molecules in the intestine), appendix (store for good bacteria to flourish) **[Immunity:]** immunity: capability of removing or killing foreign substances like toxins or cancer cells from the body physical and chemical barriers, inflammatory response, phagocytes and natural killer cells, protective proteins such as complement and interferons. **[Examples of Barriers:]** barriers: skin (is physical barrier), oil glands (chemical) , mucous lining (physical), saliva, urination (chemical), stomach acids (chemical), bacteria in reproductive system(physical). **[Inflammatory Response:]** inflammatory: red color is the first step ,second pain, third white blood cells **[Fever:]** fever: its the body\'s way of informing that something is wrong, second bacteria or viruses may not survive through high temp, third immune mechanisms work better at higher body temp **[Protective Proteins:]** protective proteins: proteins complement the immune system so they help the immune response by for ex filling the bacteria with liquid , interferons (the influencers of the cells) they affect the behavior of other cells **[Adaptive Immune Defenses:]** adaptive immune defenses: an immunity that is gained with experience and not born with it by recognizing then respond to it then they remember it for the next time plus it takes 5-7 days **[HIV infection:]** HIV: step 1 the white blood cells are fighting and winning the virus, then they cant keep up and are lowered, the persons immunity drops, then the person is susceptible to more diseases in the future where they can attract shingles (caused by viruses) and pneumonia (caused by bacteria) etc. **[Active vs. Passive Immunity:]** active and passive immunity: active immunity is when you want to trigger the response system against a virus by vaccination (example taking vaccines for corona that had dead covid so that your body can remember it later), but passive which is having antibodies from another person (example a baby getting their moms placenta or getting milk from the mom until the body stops producing it)or from blood transfusion from another person readymade **[Immune System Disorders & Hypersensitivity Reactions:]** immune system disorders & hypersensitivity reactions: immune system has SCID and XLA which both affect the WBC where it doesn\'t mature properly ;hypersensitivity has two types of allergies, the first is immediate (2-3 minutes) manifests quickly for example a peanut allergy where it can eventually become life threatening , then delayed(2-3 days) where it takes a longer time to get a body reaction making it hard to know the reason of reaction **[Autoimmune Diseases:]** autoimmune disease: patients could have 3 diseases like arthritis, gravis, systemic lupus