B4L5 Speech & Resonance Assessment PDF

Articulation and Phonological Assessment Oral Peripheral Mechanism (OPM) Assessment OPM Structures- group of structures involved in producing speech sounds. We need to czech integrity and function as it relates to speech OPM Structures to check ○ Note: Structure movements c...

Articulation and Phonological Assessment Oral Peripheral Mechanism (OPM) Assessment OPM Structures- group of structures involved in producing speech sounds. We need to czech integrity and function as it relates to speech OPM Structures to check ○ Note: Structure movements can be tested through command or imitation ○ Lips Symmetry and size (CLAP, Syndromic Conditions) Retraction, pursing, pucker, puffing DDK- /puh/ Speech: /p b m/ ○ Jaws Symmetry and deviation (Malocclusions, Cerebral Palsy) Elevate, Depress,Lateralize ○ Teeth ○ Tongue Symmetry, deviation and size (Cerebral Palsy, Down Syndrome) Protrusion, retraction, lateralization DDK: /tuh/ Speech: /t d n/ ○ Hard Palate Shape and width Any scarring (CLAP) ○ Soft Palate and Velopharyngeal closure Velar movement when saying /a/ Interrupted or sustained DDK: /kuh/ Puffing of cheeks- to check for appropriate velar closure, keeping oral pressure. Variation- puffing with tongue protrusion ○ Nasal Cavity What to look for during OPM assessment ○ Anatomy- appearance of facial bones, tissues and symmetry Structure- appearance, tone, size relative to age and sex ○ Physiology- Not yet speech related; Range of Motion (ROM). strength, precision and motor control, speed, and sensation Mobility- range, speed, accuracy, diadochokinesis Strength- resistance to pressure, endurance, steadiness, motor planning ○ Speech- function of this structures in actual speech production- Articulation, DDK Normal DDK Rates (Fletcher, 1972,1978; Kent and Rosenbek, 1987; St. Louis and Ruscello, 2000)  ○ Age Repetition Rates/Second Stimulus 6 4.2 /p^/ 4.1 /t^/ 3.6 /k^/ 1.0 /p^t^k^/ 7 4.7 /p^/ 4.1 /t^/ 3.8 /k^/ 1 /p^t^k^/ 8+ 5-6 /p^/ 5-6 /t^/ 5-6 /k^/ 2 /p^t^k^/ ○ Done to assess a patient's ability for motor planning. Successive and alternating articulatory movement to check patient’s articulatory motility and ability to order movement Speech Production Analysis Speech Sampling Representative of patients daily use of speech Stimuli can be: pictures, word lists, sentences, conversational sampling Each phoneme should be assessed in initial, medial and final position (pre, inter, and post vocalic same meaning as initial, medial, final) Determine nature of errors (SODA) Information to obtain: ○ Phonetic Inventory- all phonemes; which phonemes are the patient able to correctly produce. (in which position) ○ Stimulability ○ Nature of errors- SODA or Phonological Processes; determine both to identify which errors should be intervened with articulation techniques and which are for phonological techniques Speech Sample elicitation ○ Reading or Imitation Grandfather Passage and Rainbow Passage- contains all phonemes utilized in English ○ Conversations ○ Picture/ Toy stimuli ○ Delayed imitation  Percentage of Correct Consonants (PCC) ○ Obtained to determine how severe the error of the patient is ○ PCC Severity equivalence 85%-100% = Mild 65%-85% = Mild/moderate 50%-65% = Moderate/ Severe