Arts Appreciation PDF

ARTS APPRECIATION Assumptions of Art GE105 REVIEWER 1. Art is universal 2. Art is Cultural LESSON 1: Humanities, Assumptions and 3....

ARTS APPRECIATION Assumptions of Art GE105 REVIEWER 1. Art is universal 2. Art is Cultural LESSON 1: Humanities, Assumptions and 3. Art is Experience Nature of Arts LESSON 2: Basic Art Criticism ART Steps in Critiquing An expression of our thoughts, emotions, intuitions and desires, but it is even more 1. Description personal than that; sharing the way we 2. Analysis experience the world, which is an extension 3. Interpretation of personality. 4. Judgment It is a way of grasping the world. Elements of Art What is Art? Lines - thick, thin, curved, straight, zigzag Plato said, it’s an imitation of imitation. Colors - is created when light is Aristotle said, “Art is a reflection or a reflected into the viewer’s eye. mirror of reality.” Shape - gepmetric, organic Form - encloses volume i.e. height, width What does Art do? as well as depth. It provokes an emotional response. Value - how light or dark something is. Space - is what lies between, around or What is the nature of Art? within an object. ex: overlapping, placement, size Seek to communicate beauty or ugly Texture - the way an object feels to the subjects touch. It is a realm of pure emotion It has an intention of giving it. LESSON 3: Artists VS. Artisan It’s a work capable of satisfying the ART aesthetic interest. Importance of Art the manifestation of creativity and imagination, a) Timeless “preserved to be appreciated” often with the intent of evoking b) Art imitates Life and Reality a response, be it emotional, c) Intrinsic Worth “areas where human intellectual, or aesthetic, from values & a person’s creativity are the viewer or audience. celebrated” “spiritual value” Arts serves various purposes, including: Lourdes Sanchez enumerates art as: Aesthetic Beauty: Art is often created to be appreciated for its beauty or emotional a. Aesthetic Values power b. Didactic Value- effective means to show Communication and what is moral. Expression: Artists use their work to c. Historical Value communicate whether about personal d. Socio-Political Value experiences, societal issues e. Religious Value- increase awareness of Cultural Reflection: Art reflects the man’s relationship to God cultural, social, and political contexts of the f. Scientific Value time g. Commercial Value Innovation and h. Pragmatic Value Exploration: Art often challenges i. Therapeutic Value boundaries and explores new ideas or j. Personal Value techniques, pushing creative and intelectual limits. “Art can lead to self discovery, self-development and self-expression”  Therapeutic and Personal Fulfillment: Commending the Nine Recipients of the For many, creating or experiencing art is a Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan deeply personal, meditative, or therapeutic (GAMABA) Award of the National Living activity that provides meaning, self- Treasures Award for 2023 for Their reflection, or healing. Exemplary Contributions to the promotion and Safeguarding of Our Philippine Artist Cultural Heritage. someone who engages in the creation of Senate President Pro Tempore Loren art, which can encompass a wide range of Lagrada mediums and expressions, such as painting, GAMABA sculpture, music, dance, writing, film, and more. GAMABA stands for Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan or the National Living Treasures Artisan Award. It is an honor given by the An artisan is a skilled craftsperson who Philippine government, through the creates handmade, high-quality goods National Commission for Culture and the using traditional methods. Unlike mass Arts (NCCA), to recognize traditional produced Filipino artists who have demonstrated items, artisan products are often unique and excellence in their made in small quantities, reflecting the craft and helped preserve the rich cultural artisan's craftsmanship and attention to heritage of the country. detail. Weaving Artisans typically specialize in a particular Lang Dulay (T'nalak weaving - T'boli, craft: South Cotabato) pottery, woodworking, textiles, jewelry Awarded in 1998, Lang Dulay was known making, metalworking, leatherworking for her mastery of T'nalak, a traditional T'boli textile made from abaca fibers. Her Famous Philippine Artists intricate designs often depicted the T'boli people's dreams and stories, preserving this Visual Arts important cultural practice. Fernando Amorsolo (1972) – The first Mat and Basketry Weaving National Artist of the Philippines, known for his romanticized landscapes and Teofilo Garcia (Casque-making - Abra) depictions of rural life. Recognized in 2012, Teofilo Garcia was Carlos "Botong" Francisco (1973) – known for making tabungaw, a traditional Famous for his large-scale murals and Ilocano headgear made from hollowed-out historical paintings. gourds. His craftsmanship ensured that this unique form of headwear continued to be Architecture used in rural communities. Juan Nakpil (1973) – Considered the dean Performing Arts of Filipino architects, known for his contributions to modern Philippine Samaon Sulaiman (Kutyapi playing - architecture. Maguindanao, Mindanao) Leandro Locsin (1990) – Famous for Awarded in 1993, Samaon Sulaiman was designing iconic buildings such as the CCP recognized for his exceptional skill in Complex and various churches, blending playing the kutyapi, a traditional two- modernism with traditional Filipino stringed lute. His music preserved the elements expressions of the Maguindanaon people. GAMABA Artists LESSON 4: Describing the World of Art: Subject and Content in Art Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan Award SENATE RESOLUTION NO. 959 – Subject Matter Resolution Congratulating and  In almost all art forms--- paintings, Essentially, the artwork does not represent sculpture, photography, music, literature, or depict a person, place, or thing in the theater, or dance--- there is a subject matter natural world. that serves as the foundation of the creation Usually, the content of the work is its color, of the work of art. shapes, brushstrokes, size, scale, and in The subject matter is the most obvious some cases its process aspect of an art work. It is what the work of The clear difference lies in the subject art depicts or represents. matter chosen. It may be a person, an object, a scene, or an If the artist begins with a subject from event. reality, the artwork is considered to be abstract. Subject Matter VS. Content If the artist is creating with no reference to The subject matter is the literal, visible reality, then the work is considered to be image in a work while content includes the non-objective. connotative, symbolic, and suggestive LESSON 5: Nature of Art aspects of the image. The subject matter is the subject of the Etymology artwork, e.g., still life, portrait, landscape, etc. while content is not subject or things The term “art” is related to the Latin word in the work of art but it is the “ars” meaning, arts, skills or craft. communication of ideas, feelings and The first known use of word comes from reactions connected with the subject. 13th-century manuscripts When we look at an art work its content is Philosophy of Art what is sensed rather that what can be analyzed. It is the 2 subtexts: ultimate reason for creating art. The essential nature of art Types of Visual Art According to Subject Social importance Representational/Figurative Art 3 categories: Non-representational/Non- objective Art 1. Art as Representation: Mimesis Representational/ Figurative Art 2. Art as Expression of Emotional Content 3. Art as Form aims to represent actual objects or subjects from reality. Mimesis They are artworks which are based on imitation or representation of reality. images which can be found in the objective world, or at least in the artist’s imagination; Derived from the Greek Word "mimēsis," images which can perhaps be named or meaning "imitation" or "emulation," the recognized. concept has been central to discussions of art and aesthetics since ancient times. Subcategories under representational art include, Realism, Impressionism, Idealism Art as Expression of Emotional Content and Stylization. All of these forms of representational arts Art as an expression of emotional content present actual subjects from reality, they centers on the idea that art is a means of still fall under the category of communicating emotions, ideas, and inner representation experiences. It is perhaps the oldest of This concept became especially prominent the three types of art in the 19th and 20th centuries, with It is also the easiest to Romanticism, Expressionism, and Abstract identify from a viewer’s Expressionism marking key movements perspective. that emphasized personal and emotional content. Non-Representational/Non-Objective Art Art as Form  the idea that the essence of art lies in its Emphasizing emotion, individual formal qualities—such as composition, experience, imagination, and the sublime color, line, shape, aspects of nature, Romanticism placed a texture, and space—rather than in its premium on personal expression and the representation of reality or emotional spiritual, often with an interest in the content. mysterious, the exotic, and the The concept of "Art as Form" is closely tied heroic. to formalist theories, particularly in the Avant Gart Movement 20th century, as artists began to explore pure abstraction describes artists, movements, and that and art movements emerged that focused push the boundaries of solely on the aesthetic qualities of form. traditional art, often challenging social HISTORY OF ART norms and established aesthetics. QUOTES Western Culture from the 11th to 17th Century “Art evokes the mystery without which the encompasses an extraordinary range of world not exist.”- Rene Magritte movements and innovations that reflect “Art is a discovery and development of major societal, religious, and intellectual elementary principles of nature into shifts of the period beautiful forms suitable for human use.”- Romanesque Art Franklin Lloyd Wright “Arts enables us to find ourselves and lose primarily religious, is known for its bold, ourselves at the same time” – Thomas expressive forms and monumental Merton architecture. It was “The purpose of art is washing the dust of influenced by Byzantine art and early daily life off our souls” – Pablo Picasso Christian traditions. “All art is but imitation of the nature” – Lucius Annaeus Seneca Gothic Art “Art is not what you see, but what you Emerging in France, the Gothic style aimed make others see” – Edgar Degas to inspire spirituality through light-filled, “Art is the signature of civilization” – Jean soaring architecture. Art became more Sibelius naturalistic and detailed, aiming to bring LESSON 6: The Nature of Art: Function of Art narratives and figures to life. Function Rennaisance Art Function refers to the direct and practical Rooted in the revival of Classical Greco- usefulness of the arts. Roman ideals, the Renaissance celebrated Architecture is directly and almost entirely humanism, scientific inquiry, and functional because buildings and other individualism structures are always built for some special Italian Renaissance: In Italy, the purpose Renaissance began with artists like Giotto and developed through THE FUNCTIONS OF ART NORMALLY FALL masters such as Leonardo da Vinci, INTO THREE CATEGORIES. Michelangelo, and Raphael. They mastered techniques like linear perspective, 1. Physical Functions chiaroscuro (light and shadow), and The Physical functions of art are sfumato (soft blending). most easily dealt with. Works of art that are created to Romantic Period of the 18th Century perform some service have physical functions. This was an artistic, literary, and intelectual movement that reacted against the order, Ex. Architecture, Craftworks, and reason, and formalism of the Industrial designs. Enlightenment and Neoclassicism  Architectural Art -. Murals, Perhaps the artist was trying to mosaics, stained glass windows, provide an aesthetic experience, and relief sculptures integrated both for self and viewers. into buildings Self-Expression Ceremonial and Religious Meditation and Reflection Objects - This includes altars, Personal Growth and Learning statues, ritual masks, and sacred Coping Mechanism and Healing vessels, each designed with specific materials LESSON 7: Principles and Elements of Art Functional Objects with artistic Principle of Art design - Example: The Ming Dynasty porcelain vases from 1. Rhythm China serve as vessels but are also A principle of design that elaborately decorated, embodying indicates movement, artistic skill and cultural created by the careful placement aesthetics of repeated 2. Social Functions elements in a work of art to cause Art also has social functions when a visual tempo or beat it address aspects of collective 2. Balance life, as A way of combining elements to opposed to one person’s point of add a feeling of equilibrium or view or experience. Ex. Political stability to a work of art. Major Art types are symmetrical and Preservation of Cultural asymmetrical. Heritage-serves as a cultural 3. Emphasis repository, preserving traditions, A way of combining elements to beliefs, and stories for future stress the differences between generations those elements Communication of Shared 4. Proportion Values and Beliefs- Example: A principle of design that refers to Indigenous art, like Australian the relationship of certain Aboriginal paintings, often uses elements to the whole and to each symbols and patterns to other. convey stories of creation and 5. Gradation ancestral spirits. A way of combining elements by Social and Political using a series of gradual changes Commentary- Artists use their in those elements. (large shapes to work to raise awareness, small shapes, dark hue to light challenge injustices, and inspire hue, etc) social change, often 6. Harmony addressing themes of power, A way of combining similar inequality, or oppressions. elements in an artwork to accent 3. Personal Functions their similarities (achieved The personal functions of art are through use of repetitions and the most difficult to subtle gradual changes) explain in any great detail. There 7. Variety are many of them, A principle of design concerned and they vary from person to with diversity or contrast. person. Variety is achieved by using An artist may create out of a need different shapes, sizes, and/or for self-expression, colors in a work of art. or gratification. 8. Movement She/He might have wanted to A principle of design used to communicate a thought or point to créate the look and feeling of the viewer.  action and to guide the viewer’s -Medium denotes the means by which an artist eye throughout the work of art. communicates his idea Elements of Art -The plural of medium is media. An element of art defined by a Many materials have been used in creating different point moving in space. works of art thus, the medium is very essential in the 1. Line arts. May be two-or three- Without a medium, there is no art. dimensional, descriptive, implied, or abstract The artist thinks, feels, and gives shape to his vision 2. Shape in terms of his medium. When an artist chooses his An element of art medium, he believes he can best express the idea he that is two-dimensional, flat, or wants to convey. The distinctive character of the limited to height and width medium determines the way it can be worked on and 3. Form turned into a work of art. An element of art that is three- dimensional and encloses volume; The medium an artist chooses for a given work has includes height, width AND depth an important bearing on how is going to look, and (as in a cube, a sphere, a pyramid, not all media lend themselves to the same or a cylinder). expressive ends. Form may also be free flowing. TECHNIQUES 4. Value The lightness or darkness of tones - Is the manner in which or colors. White is the lightest the artist controls the value; black is the darkest. The medium to achieve the value halfway between these desired effect. extremes is called middle gray. - It is the ability with 5. Space which the artist fulfills An element of art by which the technical positive and negative areas are requirements of his defined or a sense of depth particular work of art. achieved in a work of art. - It has something to do 6. Color with the way he An element of art made up of manipulates his medium three properties: hue, value, and to express his ideas in the intensity. artwork ▪ Hue: name of color MEDIA USED IN PAINTING, SCULPTURE ▪ Value: hue’s lightness AND ARCHITECTURE and darkness (a color’s value changes when In Painting; white or black is added) ▪ Intensity: quality of -Media refers to both the type of paint used and the brightness and purity base or ground to which it is applied. (high intensity= color is -A paint’s medium refers to what carries a paint’s strong and bright; low pigments, and is also called a “vehicle” or a “base”. intensity=color is faint and dull) -A painter can mix a medium with solvents, pigments, and other substances in order to make LESSON: MEDIUM AND TECHNIQUES IN paint and control consistency. THE ART. In Sculpture; Medium refers to Sculptors use a variety of materials to create their - the materials which are used by the artist to create art. These works of art to interpret his feelings or thoughts. Include: hand materials, sound and light. -Many naturally occurring substances, such as clay, rocks, sand, and wood, even twigs, and leaves, have been used to construct buildings. 1.Hard Materials -Apart form naturally occurring materials, many -The most recognizable and most popular sculpture mad-made products are in use, some more and some has been created with hard materials. less synthetic. -Also the oldest form of sculpture. -A man-made material is a material that is manufactured through human effort often using -Statues kinetic sculpture, and environmental natural raw materials. sculpture are all examples of sculptures that use hard materials as a medium. 2. Sound -Some experimental artists create sound sculptures, meaning the three dimensional structures also produce sounds. -Some famous artist who are known for their sound sculptures are Alexander Calder, Hugh Davies, and Nigel Helye Sound sculpture differ from musical -instruments in that they are not manipulated by a human player to make a sound; -They simply make a sound on their own due to their design. -This medium that make this type of sculpture unique is the element of music. 3.Light -Light sculptures are a unique type of medium because they use a various form of light or lighting to create an aesthetic effect. -The medium of light may use fractal manipulations of gaseous forms of light (electricity) to produce an image. -Some light sculptures produce light due to the hard materials in a sculpture while others are nothing but light. -The most famous light sculptors are Olafur Eliasson and Dan Flavin (the creator of light sculptures made) In Architecture; 3.Light -In architecture, an architect uses building materials as its media in the construction of buildings and other physical structures.