Art Appreciation Introduction to Art, PDF

Introduction to Art Appreciation (Philosophy, Assumptions, Creativity and Imagination) Prepared by: Mheralyn F. Silang, LPT Learning Outcomes By the end of the lesson , you should be able to: LO1. Interpret the nature of art’s preliminary expression LO2: Distinguish artistic expre...

Introduction to Art Appreciation (Philosophy, Assumptions, Creativity and Imagination) Prepared by: Mheralyn F. Silang, LPT Learning Outcomes By the end of the lesson , you should be able to: LO1. Interpret the nature of art’s preliminary expression LO2: Distinguish artistic expression based on personal experiences with art LO3: Reflect personal experiences about assumptions of art through creative imagination and expression What is Art?  Passion Aesthetic Self- expression Creativity Critical thinking Understanding Elements Reflection Medium Imagination ART APPRECIATION, Why we need it? ART CONCEPTS  Philosophy of Art There is no one universal definition of art though there is a consensus that is it the conscious creation of something beautiful or meaningful using skill and imagination.  Etymology Art is related to the Latin word ‘ars’- which means art, skill or craft. The first known use of the word comes from 13th century manuscripts. The definition of art has generally fallen into three categories: Art as Representation: Mimesis. Plato first developed the idea of art as mimesis in Greek meaning copying or imitation. Hence, the primary meaning of art was for centuries defined as the representation or replication of something that is beautiful or meaningful.  Art as Expression of Emotional Content. Expression became important during the Romantic Movement with artwork expressing a definite feeling as in the sublime or dramatic. Audience response was important for artwork was intended to evoke an emotional response.  Art as Form. Immanuel Kant, influential theorist at the end of 18th century, believed that should be judged only on its formal qualities because the content of the work of art is not of aesthetic interest. Formal qualities became important when art became more abstract in the 20th century and the principles of art and design (balance, rhythm, harmony, unity) were used to define and assess art.  Assumptions of Art ART IS UNIVERSAL ART IS NOT A NATURE ART INVOLVES EXPERIENCE Why do people make Art? 1.To capture historical event and people 2.Bring attention to ordinary objects 3.To capture the beauty of nature 4.To make people think 5.To evoke emotions and feelings 6.To tell story 7.To create an optical illusions Why creativity is important ? What does it contribute? - Thinking outside the box - Creativity allow us to view and solve problems - Creativity connects us to ourselves - Creativity is what set apart one artwork to another - Creativity sometimes is a quite challenging Module 1 Lesson 2 Learning Objectives LO1: Analyze the concepts of art criticism LO2: Critiquing different forms of artwork through evaluation How to Critique Artwork Constructively 1. DESCRIBE (tell what you see!) When we look at a work of art, our minds naturally take notice of the general information that’s present Artist- Eugene Delacroix Period: Romanticism Date: 1830 Dimension: 260x325 centimeters Medium: Oil in Canvas Louvre Museum Genre- History Painting  1. DESCRIBE (tell what you see!) 1. What is the name of artist who created the artwork? 2. What kind of an artwork is it? 3. What is the name of the artwork? 4. When was the artwork created? 5. Name some other major events in history that occurred at the same time this artwork was created? 6. List the literal objects in the painting (trees, people, animals, mountains, rivers, etc.) 7. What do you notice first when you look at the work/s? Why? 8. What kind of colors do you see? How would you describe them? 9. What shapes can we see? What kind of edges do the shapes have? Do the shapes have? 10. Are there lines in the work? If so, what kinds of lines are they? 11. What sort of textures do you see? How would you describe them? 12. What time of day/night is it? How can we tell? How to Critique Artwork Constructively 2. ANALYZE Mentally separate the parts or elements and principles of design. Describe how the artist used them to organize the different types of technique.  2. ANALYZE 1. How has the artist used colors in the work? 2. What sort of effect do the colors have on the artwork? 3. How has the artist used shapes within the work of art? 4. How have lines been used in the work? 5. What role does texture play in the work? 6. How has the artist used light in the work? Is there the illusion of a scene with lights and shadows or does the artist use light and dark values in a more abstracted way? 7. How has the overall visual effect or mood of the work been achieved by the use of elements of art and principles of design? 8. How was the artist’s design tools used to achieve a particular look or focus? How to Critique Artwork Constructively 3. INTERPRETATION Seeks to explain the meaning of the art work based on what you have learned so far about the artwork. What do you think the artist was trying to say?  3. INTERPRETATION 1. What was the artist’s statement in this work? 2. What do you think it means? 3. What does it mean to you? 4. How does this relate to you and your life? 5. What feelings do you have when looking at this artwork? 6. Do you think there are things in the artwork that represent other things-symbols? 7. Why do you think that the artist chose to work in this manner and made these kinds of artistic decisions? 8. Why did the artists create this artwork? How to Critique Artwork Constructively 4. JUDGEMENT This is your personal evaluation based on the understanding of the artwork/s.  4. JUDGEMENT 1. Why do you think that this work has intrinsic value or worth? What is the value do you find in the work? 2. Does the work have benefit to others? Do you find that the work communicates an idea, feeling or principle that would have value for others? 3. What kind of effect do you think the work could have for others? 4. Does the work lack value or worth? Why do you think this is so? 5. Rather than seeing the work as being very effective or without total value, does the work fall somewhere in- between? Do you think the work is just okay? What do you base this opinion on? The use of elements of art? Lack of personal expression? The work lacks a major focus? How to take criticism like a champ? Know your why Consider the source, not all criticism has value Take control of your initial reactions Remember the benefit of receiving feedback Listen carefully Appreciates others opinion Learn how to judge your win artwork  LESSON 3 Art History Specific Learning Objectives: LO1. Summarize the development of the arts from its historical antecedents up to contemporary arts LO2: Recognize trends, patterns, underlying philosophy of the era or movements in art History LO3: Develop a deeper appreciation of art through reflecting its physical, historical and cultural context  ARTS from the Latin word “ars” which generally means art, skill, or craft  Frank Lloyd Wright Art is a discovery and development of elementary principles of nature into beautiful forms suitable for human use  Leo Tolstoy Art is a human activity consisting in this, that one man consciously employing certain external signs, hands-on to others feelings he has lived through, and that others are infected by these feelings and also experience them Ancient Art (3000BC - 300BC) Started during the old stone age Developing capacity in producing tools and weapons for survival marked this period. Ancient Art (3000BC - 300BC) ANCIENT ART Venus of Willendorf Caves of Lascaux  Egyptian Art (31st century BC - 4th century AD) Egyptian art consisted of forms carved in stones and woods. The sun, moon, stars, and sacred animals were common subject of art. Artists also decorated the tombs of the dead with scenes from his life and signs of his rank and profession  Egyptian Art (31st century BC - 4th century AD) EGYPTIAN ART - Carving stone Pieter Bruegel the Elder, Landscape with the Flight into Egypt - 1563 Tutankhamun tomb  Hellenistic Art (4th century - 1st BC) Taken to begin with the death of Alexander the Great The death of Alexander made the dynasties and alliances broke up into smaller kingdoms infused with Greek cultural elements Medieval Art Art evolves as humans continue addressing the traditional and the new, including biblical subjects, Christian dogma, and classical mythology Three periods: Romanesque Gothic Byzantine  Medieval Art Medieval Art Renaissance Placed emphasis on paintings which depicted man and nature in fresco technique with simplicity, gesture, and expression. Sought fulfilment in daily life and believed individuals had dignity and worth Examples The Creation of Adam and David by : Michael Angelo Monalisa and The Last Supper by: Leonardo Da Vinci Baroque Period Artists make use different elements such as light and shadow to produce dramatic effects The paintings show figures in diagonal, twists, and zigzags Elaborately covered with decorations Baroque 17th to 18th century Baroque 17th to 18th century Active dates: c. 1600-1750 Stemmed from Italian word for “contorted idea” Arose mainly as a means to promote the Catholic Church during the Protestant Reformation Emphasizes faith in church and power in state Dramatic contrasts of lights and darks Emotional, often religious depictions Feelings of grandeur, awe, movement and tension Hidden sources of light Various contrasting textures All encompassing works (illusionistic) Materials: bronzes, gildings, plaster, marble, stucco Focal point in architecture: entrance axis, pavilion  Baroque Period Period known for its the most influential movements, which are: Impressionism Fauvism Cubism Futurism Expressionism Dada Surrealism Abstract Expressionism Pop Art Rococo Rococo Active dates: c. 1715-1789 Stemmed from French word for shells and pebbles Often characterized by shell motifs Emerged during the Enlightenment Emphasizes goals of knowledge, freedom, happiness Pastel, light, soft colors Ethereal, delicate, graceful scenes of elite Feelings of playfulness, happiness, romance Scattered light Typically non-religious Symbols of sex, beauty, courtship, mythology Materials: bronzes, gildings, marble, carved wood, stucco Asymmetrical, curved forms and shapes  Post Modern Art (1950-mid 1980) art aimed to please the public as artists were able to achieve the simplicity, brilliance, perfect balance and brightness of colors, and sense of depth in painting Postmodern sculpture, on the other hand, showed realistic figures which depicted perfect human anatomy with a calm and reflective look. Jeff and Ilona Made In Heaven series  Contemporary Period 20th century-present Characterized by its diversity and difficult nature with a vibrant mixture of materials, techniques, ideas that challenge the traditional and defy simple definition MESOPOTAMIA The land between the rivers Tigris and Euphrates  5 MAIN TRIBES OF MESOPOTAMIA  Sumer  Akkad  Babylonia  Assyria  Chaldea  SUMERIAN  worked in gold as well as clay and wood  pottery was so good that they used it as a money system, trading pottery for food and other items  made complex chairs from wood and reeds SUMERIAN  BABYLONIA  They too worked in gold, lapis, wood, and clay  They also made jewelry, musical instruments, small statues, intricate chairs, weapons, jewelry and mosaics  The Babylonians are also credited with making the first colored eggshells. Likewise, it is a window into the past that provides an understanding of the present day and how individuals, nations, and the global community might develop BABYLONIA  ASSYRIAN  They created murals and paintings that showed them fighting or hunting  Their murals showed how royalty lived.  CHALDEAN  Chaldean sculpture, made in the vicinity of the site of Nineveh CHINESE ART CAMBODIAN ART  ANCIENT GREECE  The development of Greek art can be divided into four periods namely: a) geometric period b)archaic period c) classical period d) Hellenistic period.  ANCIENT GREECE GEOMETRIC PERIOD comprised of vases adorned in Geometric fashion exhibit painted with horizontal bands crammed with patterns, much like the vase of the preceding Proto-Geometric style.  ANCIENT GREECE ARCHAIC PERIOD Paintings on vases evolved from geometric designs to representations of human figures, regularly illustrating epic tales.  ANCIENT GREECE HELLENISTIC PERIOD -origin of theater and drama -followers of Dionysius (god of Fertility) began the Greek theater  ANCIENT ROME -The fusion of Greek and Roman cultures -acknowledged to be grasp builders, which earned their popularity for grand monuments and architectural infrastructures. ANCIENT ROME RENAISSANCE ART -artists valued the "individual" as a subject of arts -revival of Roman theatrical plays  MANNERISM -ended to represent elongated figures in illogical spaces Mannerist art to convey strong, often religious, emotion the place the High Renaissance failed to do so BAROQUE AND ROCOCO PERIOD -Sculpture and structure were embellished with illustrations. -Baroque paintings had been illusionistic (sharing the physical area with the viewer, and supplying multiple, altering views) BAROQUE AND ROCOCO PERIOD Baroque works created a decorative cohesion in the churches and different areas in which they have been often seen. BAROQUE AND ROCOCO PERIOD Baroque art characteristics included:  radiant colors  sources of Versailles hidden light  experiments with contrasting floor textures  BAROQUE AND ROCOCO PERIOD -Rococo artists honed in on elegantly elevating the strength and classification of French aristocrats -represented “secular high fashion -Symbols of play, romance, beauty, sex, and mythology are frequently obvious in artworks of the period  BAROQUE AND ROCOCO PERIOD -Rococo artists honed in on elegantly elevating the strength and classification of French aristocrats -represented “secular high fashion -Symbols of play, romance, beauty, sex, and mythology are frequently obvious in artworks of the period  Francois Boucher, Francois Boucher, “The Music Lesson 1749” “The Little Gardener” Ancient Greeks and Romans The Romans were fond of the Greek and their achievements in art -The fusion of Greek and Roman cultures can be seen in most Roman Artworks - Romans produce artworks that are often looking ster n, harsh and strong - Invoke principles of realism - highlighting feature of human beings - Master builders - ( grand monuments and - architectural infrastructure. )  NEOCLASSICISM It introduced a universal revival in the classical notion that mirrored what used to be going on in political and social arenas of the time,  ROMANTICISM -Emphasis on the goodness of mankind -works additionally promoted: *justice *equality *social order  REALISM -accurate, detailed, unembellished depiction of nature or contemporary life -realism can be located in historic Hellenistic Greek sculptures precisely portraying boxers and decrepit historical women REALISM OLD MARKET WOMAN  REALISM - Art movements that revolted against the emotional and exaggerated themes of Romanticism. (1840 – 1880) - Try to depict the real world exactly as it appears. They painted everyday subjects and people. - They didn’t try to interpret the settings or emotional meaning to the scenes Example:” Young Women from the Village” ( Gustave Courbet)  IMPRESSIONISM -developed by Claude Monet and other Paris-based artists from the early 1860s -lets in the artist to emphasize the immediate impression he has of a specific moment or scene Starry Night (Vincent Van Gogh)  IMPRESSIONISM -Began in France and wanted to capture a moment in time. -Began in the 1860s and became most popular in 1870s and 1880s - They were more concerned with the light and color of the moment than with the details of objects they were painting - They painted outdoors and worked quickly to capture the light before it changed Example: “Paris Street Rainy Day” by Gustave Caillebotte  POST- IMPRESSIONISM -a subjective approach to painting, as artists opted to evoke emotion than realism in their work  POST- IMPRESSIONISM -These include symbolic motifs, unnatural color, and painterly brushstrokes. Artist's Garden at Giverny Claude Monet  POST- IMPRESSIONISM Began from 1885 to 1910 - Had learned about using light, shadows and colors in their art from Impressionists - Wanted to add their own new ideas to art - Began to try new subjects, techniques, perspective and shapes to express their thoughts and emotions to art. - Example: “ The Sleeping Gypsy by: Henri Rousseau  NEO- IMPRESSIONISM -characterized by the use of the divisionist Technique -Divisionism attempted to put impressionist painting of light and color on a scientific basis by using an optical mixture of colors  NEO- IMPRESSIONISM -characterized by the use of the divisionist Technique -Divisionism attempted to put impressionist painting of light and color on a scientific basis by using an optical mixture of colors Le Bec Hoc, Grandcamp Georges Seurat  EXPRESSIONISM Started from Germany, early part of the 1900s Artist wanted to paint about emotions. ( anger, anxiety, fear or peacefulness. - Convey emotions rather than reality - Each artist had their own way to convey emotions, to express emotions the subject are often distorted or exaggerated. Example: “ Lady in a Green Jacket ( August Macke)  FAUVISM -Complementary colorings are pairs of shades that appear contrary to the other on scientific models such as the color wheel, and when used side-by-side in the painting make every other seem brighter.  FAUVISM - Optimistic realism - It is presenting the real life subject with the use of bright colors suggesting comfort, joy and pleasure.  CUBISM Bowl of Fruit Violin and Bottle 1914 Pablo Picasso  Futurism -Common themes were focused on the restlessness and fast-pace of modern life. -It highlighted the speed, energy, dynamism, and power of machines. The Difference Between Art Appreciation and Art History: Art Appreciation Art History The application of basic tools of visual literacy in To learn the history and order to understand and development of art in order appreciate works of art. to understand it as part of a large historical context It is done without An ability to examine and knowledge and historical interpret work based on content of the work its historical content. Can be subjective Objective since it talks depending on personal about the origins of preference to aesthetics and artworks. form The Difference Between Art Appreciation and Art History: Art Appreciation Art History Arts Appreciation Arts History is focused focused on study in to know everything order to better about the civilization of understand and analyze art. It also provides the an art. knowledge to the person It also describes and to provide and produce criticize every form of progress about art art.