ARALING PANLIPUNAN 10.docx

ARALING PANLIPUNAN 10 Lesson 1 (CONTEMPORARY ISSUES) Refers to the important events that are happening in the world -CURRENT EVENTS Refers to any events, ideas, opinions, theme or topic of discussion, debatable and directly or indirectly affecting the members of the society. -ISSUE \- The issu...

ARALING PANLIPUNAN 10 Lesson 1 (CONTEMPORARY ISSUES) Refers to the important events that are happening in the world -CURRENT EVENTS Refers to any events, ideas, opinions, theme or topic of discussion, debatable and directly or indirectly affecting the members of the society. -ISSUE \- The issue is considered a subject that is disputed or debated Present or current; it used to describe the period between 20th century up to present. -CONTEMPORARY The word contemporary is from the Latin word -CONTEMPORARIES (con+temporarius), which in common colloquial usage means -CURRENTLY OR UP-TO-DATE Refer to any event, idea, opinion, theme or topic that is current or relevant to the present. \- CONTEMPORARY ISSUES Lesson 2 (ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES) Usually refers to issues and problems caused by natural disasters and those resulting from human activities. -ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUE An unexpected natural or natural event that may cause damage to man and his community. -HAZARD Probability of an event and its negative impact. -DANGER There are two types of environmental hazards: \- NATURAL HAZARD \- HUMAN-INDUCED HAZARD Are those events or disasters that are part of the action of nature over which harms have no control have no human control -NATURAL HAZARD Is a widespread weather system that brings strong winds and heavy rains. It can cause flooding, flash floods, landslides and others. -TYPHOON Is an increase of water in rivers, lakes, creeks, and other \- FLOOD A rushing stream of water that carries rocks, must, wood and debits & comes on and subsides quickly. -FLASHFLOOD Is the erosion of soil, rock, mud, and other from high places like mountains and hills. \- LANDSLIDE Is the unusual rise of water on the beach as the storm approaches the coast -STORM SURGE Is the increase in sea water level due to storm surge and astronomical tide, this refers to the level of nature sea water that is directly affected by the gravity of the earth, moon and sun. -STORM TIDE Is a sudden and rapid shaking of the earth caused by the movement of underground rocks when it releases the force accumulated over a long period of time. -EARTHQUAKE is series of giant waves that occur after movement under the sea caused by various natural events such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. -TSUNAMI a volcano is a tunnel on the earth\'s surface where magma and some volcanic gases escape to the earth\'s surface through an explosion. -VOLCANIC ERUPTION Risk caused by negligence, economic activities and failure to implement a system. \- HUMAN-INDUCED HAZARD Refers to any type of garbage, trash, refuse or discarded material. -SOLID WASTE Is the introduction of harmful materials into the environment. These harmful materials are called pollutants. Pollutants can be natural, such as volcanic ash. -POLLUTION TYPES OF POLLUTION 1. 2. 3. An accidental release of oil into a body of water, as from a tanker, offshore drilling rig, or underwater pipeline, often presenting a hazard to marine life and the environment. -OIL SPILL Is the purposeful clearing of forested land. -DEFORESTATION 1. Illegal Logging 2. Fuel Wood Harvesting 3. Illegal Mining 4. Increase in number of Population and Migration In common usage, climate change describes global warming-the ongoing increase in global average temperature and its effects on the Earth\'s climate system. -CLIMATE CHANGE RESPONSE TO THE EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES WAYS Covers the action or initiative whose main objective is to reduce the elements that aggravate the damages of the global warming. MITIGATION Covers actions or initiatives whose primary purpose is to enable people to adapt to the damages of disasters. -ADAPTATION PAR (Philippine Area of Responsibility) PAGASA (Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration) PHILVOLCS (Philippine Institute of Valcanology and Seismology) Lesson 4(PREPARATIONS) Refers to the actions or steps taken so that people can respond to the damage caused by environmental problems. -ADAPTATION Is the strength, knowledge, skills and resources possessed by people and communities that are used with the damages caused by hazards. -CAPACITY Are the events that cause danger and damage to people, the environment and economic activities. A hazard becomes a disaster when it hits vulnerable families and communities that are not sufficiently able to deal with the harmful effects. -DISASTER Is a dynamic process that covers the management of planning. organizing, identifying members, leading and controlling, various organizations that must work together and unite to prevent, to prepare, respond and recover a community from the impact of disasters, calamities and hazards (Carter, 1992). It also covers various activities designed to maintain order during disasters, calamities and hazards (Ondiz and Rodito, 2009). -DISASTER MANAGEMENT Covers the steps or actions that must be taken before and during the calamity, disaster or hazard itself. -DISASTER PREPAREDNESS Is what the government calls the preparation for responding disaster. -DRRM Are threats either natural or man-made that can cause damage to life, property and nature. -HAZARD Refers to actions or measures aimed at reducing the elements that aggravate the damages caused by the disaster. -MITIGATION Refers to the ability of the community to deal with the effects caused by disaster. -RESILIENCE Refers to the expected damage to people, property, and the environment caused by a disaster. -RISK Refers to issues and problems caused by natural disasters and thous resulting from human activities. -ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS Refers to people, places and infrastructure that are likely to be affected by hazards -VULNERABILITY D (Disaster) = H (Hazard) x V (Vulnerability) Covers the steps or actions that must be taken before and during the disaster, catastrophe or hazard itself. -DISASTER PREPAREDNESS Lesson 5(LAWS) refers self-control, character and integrity and good behavior. -DISCIPLINE steps taken to ensure the people in community know what to do in the course of emergency or calamity. -PREPAREDNESS Is the joint action of all members of the community to address any challenges or problems and achieve any set goal. -COOPERATION \*Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2003 A law that defines proper classification garbage. \*It citizen to be responsible for maintaining the cleanliness and health of each other. -REPUBLIC ACT 9003 \*The Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999 the purpose of this law is to achieve a balance between development and environmental protection. \*This law also recognizes the right of every citizen to breathe clean air and make good use of whatever can be provided by natural environment. -REPUBLIC ACT 8749 \*The Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004. \*This law emphasizes the protection, preservation and restoration of the quality of clean water in the country and bodies of water such as rivers and seas. -REPUBLIC ACT 9275 \*The Philippine Mining Act of 1995 \*This is a law that stipulates the recognition of all mineral resources found in the territory of the Philippines as property of the state. It promotes rational exploration, development, use and conservation of mineral resources. -REPUBLIC ACT 7942 \*The National Integrated Protected Areas System Act of 1992. \*It is legislation that recognizes the critical importance of preserving and maintaining natural biological and physical diversity in the environment. -REPUBLIC ACT 7586 \*Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act. \*This is a law for the conservation and protection of wild animals and their habitats that are important in maintaining ecological balance and ecological -REPUBLIC ACT 9147 \*The Revised Forestry Code which focuses on protecting, development and rehabilitation of lands forestry and woods in the country. -PRESIDENTIAL DECREE 705 \*Department of Energy Act of 1992. It established the Department of Energy. \*Aims to organize, monitor, and which implement government plans and programs related to energy exploration, development, and conservation. -NATIONAL LAW 7838 \*Water Code of the Philippines. \*The main purpose of the law is to establish the basis for water conservation It also defines the rights and duties of water users. -PRESIDENTIAL DECREE 1067 Lesson 5(CBDRRM PLAN) Emphasizes the preparedness of the country and communities during disasters and hazards. Promotes the idea that solving environmental problems and challenges is not only the duty of our government. \- (PDRRMF) VOCABULARY PHILIPPINE DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK Product of the so-called bottom-up approach to planning where steps or actions to identify, analyze, and find solutions to environmental challenges will be led by the citizens of the community who may be hit or have been it by the disaster. \- (CBDRRM) COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT This is contrary to the so-called top-down approach where the planning of initiatives is dependent on a higher government office or agency **One of the lawmakers who emphasized the importance of strengthening the CBDRRM was Senator Panfilo Lacson** when he spoke about the relief operations that were being carried out in the areas hit by typhoon Yolanda. Is a dynamic process that covers the management of planning. organizing, identifying members leading and controlling. It also includes various organizations that must work together and unite to prevent, be prepared, respond and recover a community from the impact of disasters, calamities and hazards. (Carter, 1992); It also covers various activities designed to maintain order during disaster, calamities and dangers (Ondiz and Rodito, 2009). \- DISASTER MANAGEMENT Is determining, studying and understanding the following characteristics and actions such as force, warning signs and signals, forewarning, speed of onset, frequency, when and duration of danger. \- HAZARD ASSESSMENT Studying the elements that can be damaged (elements at risk) such as people, property, occupation, services and others; also examines the reason why elements are at risk. \- VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT Assesses the community\'s capacity to deal with any hazard or risk. \- CAPACITY ASSESSMENT Refers to the preparations made in the physical structure of a community so that it can be stable during a hazard. \- STRUCTURAL MITIGATION Refers to the government\'s plans and preparations to make the community safe during a hazard. \- NON-STRUCTURAL MITIGATION Some of the main features of the Community-Based Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan are as follows: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. STEPS IN DEVELOPING A CBDRRM PLAN One of the main steps taken by the government to inform citizens of the meaning and importance of the CBDRRM Plan is through **schools**. The **Disaster Reduction Resource manual was developed to be used in explaining concepts related to disaster risk reduction management in public schools** pursuant to DepEd Order No. 55 of the year 2008. The said manual was the partner of the teachers to **inform the students as well as the parents of the community they belong to the important parts of this safety plans**. See and analyze the image below that shows the steps to develop the CBDRRM Plan. THE STEPS TO DEVELOP THE CBDRRM PLAN \*Joint community disaster risk assessment Measures that the community must take before and during the disaster, catastrophe or hazard. **First Chapter**: Hazards and the community\'s ability to deal with various environmental problems are assessed. \- DISASTER PREVENTION AND MITIGATION \*The extent of the damage caused by the disaster estimated based whether response is on the to the needs of a community that experienced the disaster is effective. \*Activities are focused on the adjustment brought by the calamity and restoration of the previous order and normal flow of life of stricken community. **Second Chapter**: The stage that focuses on providing sufficient information and understanding to citizens on what they should do before, during and after a hazard and disaster to prepare them for its possible effects. \*Its purpose is to increase the awareness and knowledge of community members on the level of their vulnerability and practical methods to prepare and reduce the aspect mentioned. \- DISASTER PREPAREDNESS \*Basis of appropriate activities disaster in preparedness and risk reduction. The purpose of activities the provided here is to reduce, prevent and immediately recover the community from the damage. **Third Chapter**: Estimating the extent of damage caused by disaster. It includes three types of forecasts: 1. 2. 3. \- DISASTER RESPONSE \*The purpose of the activities provided here is to reduce, prevent and immediately recover the community from the damage. **Fourth Chapter**: Focus on the repair of damaged facilities and structures and delayed basic services to return to the previous order and normal flow of life of a devastated community such as water and electricity supply, communication equipment and transportation system. \*Depend at how a community develops their disaster management plan which is part of the preparation phase. In other words, even before the disaster occurs the plan clearly records what steps will be taken first for this plan. \- DISASTER REHABILITATION AND RECOVERY