Animal Physiology MCQ's PDF

What process refers to the regurgitation of food for additional chewing before swallowing? A. Rumen metabolism B. Digestive symbiosis C. Gastric fermentation D. Cud chewing ANSWER: D What is the primary cause of bloat in ruminants? A. Failure to release gas produced during fermentation B. In...

What process refers to the regurgitation of food for additional chewing before swallowing? A. Rumen metabolism B. Digestive symbiosis C. Gastric fermentation D. Cud chewing ANSWER: D What is the primary cause of bloat in ruminants? A. Failure to release gas produced during fermentation B. Ingestion of non-fermentable feeds C. Excessive belching D. Insufficient fiber intake ANSWER: A Which dietary factor is most commonly associated with ruminant acidosis? A. Increased mineral supplementation B. High fiber content C. Excessive intake of carbohydrate-rich feeds D. Low protein levels ANSWER: C Which of the following is a method to prevent acidosis in cattle? A. Administering antibiotics regularly B. Rapid weight gain strategies C. Increasing salt intake D. Maintaining correct feeding management ANSWER: D What physiological process generates gas in the rumen? A. Mineral absorption B. Protein synthesis C. Fermentation D. Digestion of fats ANSWER: C In ruminants, excessive production and accumulation of acids in the rumen is known as? A. Metabolic syndrome B. Digestive imbalance C. Rumen overload D. Ruminant acidosis ANSWER: D What is a key characteristic of a symbiotic relationship in ruminants? A. The host animal does not benefit. B. Only external factors influence the relationship. C. Both the host and the microbes derive benefits. D. The relationship is harmful to the microbes. ANSWER: C Which statement accurately describes the consequences of untreated bloat in ruminants? A. It may improve nutrient absorption. B. It is usually a mild and temporary condition. C. It can lead to severe digestive disruptions and possibly death. D. It enhances the fermentation process. ANSWER: C What is the primary role of hydrochloric acid (HCL) in the stomach of ruminants? A. To neutralize alkaline substances B. To maintain a pH of 2 for optimal digestion C. To protect against pathogenic bacteria D. To convert food into a gaseous form ANSWER: B How does pepsinogen become functional in the stomach? A. It is activated by the presence of food B. It is secreted in its active form C. It is converted into pepsin by hydrochloric acid D. It requires a basic pH for activation ANSWER: C What does the chemical breakdown of food in the stomach involve? A. Both chemical and physical processes B. Absorption of nutrients through the stomach lining C. Only physical agitation by stomach contractions D. Only the action of enzymes ANSWER: A What contributes to the acidic nature of gastric juices in ruminants? A. High concentration of pepsin B. Presence of bile salts C. Hydrochloric acid secreted in the stomach D. Sodium bicarbonate neutralization ANSWER: C What role do gastric juices play in the digestive system of ruminants? A. They provide nutrients directly to the bloodstream B. They help in the emulsification of fat C. They facilitate the absorption of water D. They chemically and physically break down food ANSWER: D Which component of gastric juice is primarily responsible for breaking down proteins? A. Bile acids B. Pepsin C. Pepsinogen D. Hydrochloric acid ANSWER: B What dietary changes require the rumen to adapt appropriately? A. Increased intake of grass B. Reduction in fiber intake C. Transition to high grain diets D. Continuation of a monogastric diet ANSWER: C What role does fiber supplementation play in the rumen? A. Inhibits peristalsis B. Reduces nutrient absorption C. Decreases rumen capacity D. Promotes movement and peristalsis ANSWER: D Which characteristic is true for the stomach of ruminants? A. They digest cellulose solely in the small intestine B. Their stomach has no distinct compartments C. They have a single stomach compartment D. They possess a complex stomach with four compartments ANSWER: D Which dietary material is primarily consumed by ruminants? A. Synthetic feeds B. Animal-based proteins C. Processed grains D. Plant-based materials such as cellulose ANSWER: D What is one difference between ruminants and monogastric animals in terms of their dentition? A. Ruminants have two sets of teeth throughout their life B. Ruminants exhibit two sets of molars versus one set in monogastrics C. Ruminants have more incisors than monogastrics D. Monogastrics have no pm (premolars) ANSWER: B Which of these nutrients is absorbed in the small intestine of ruminants? A. Amino acids B. Raw fibers C. Cellulose D. Starch ANSWER: A What is NOT true regarding the composition of saliva in ruminants? A. Ruminant saliva contains more bicarbonates B. Saliva assists in the digestion of cellulose C. Ruminants have a higher concentration of enzymes D. Saliva plays a role in neutralizing stomach acids ANSWER: C In which area of the digestive system do ruminants primarily absorb amino acids and glucose? A. Rumen B. Small intestine C. Abomasum D. Cecum ANSWER: B What is the primary function of incisors in the digestive system? A. Cutting and biting food B. Tearing food into shreds C. Grinding food for digestion D. Crushing food into smaller pieces ANSWER: A Which of the following statements accurately describes ruminants? A. They do not require microorganisms for digestion. B. Ruminants have a single-chambered stomach. C. They can digest food aerobically. D. Ruminants have a digestive system adapted for fermenting plant material. ANSWER: D Which type of teeth is primarily responsible for the grinding of food? A. Premolars B. Incisors C. Canines D. Molars ANSWER: D What role do salivary glands play in the digestive process? A. They are responsible for the absorption of nutrients. B. They produce digestive enzymes for protein breakdown. C. They initiate the fermentation process in ruminants. D. They act as a lubricant to ease food movement. ANSWER: D How many compartments does a ruminant\'s stomach have? A. Two B. Three C. Four D. Five ANSWER: C What is the main difference between ruminants and monogastric animals regarding digestion? A. Ruminants are adapted to ferment plant material. B. Monogastric animals possess multiple stomach compartments. C. Ruminants digest food using bile acids. D. Monogastric animals have more efficient fermentation. ANSWER: A What type of digestion occurs in the mouth? A. Mechanical digestion only B. Both mechanical and chemical digestion C. Absorption of nutrients D. Chemical digestion only ANSWER: B What is the process by which ruminants digest food anaerobically? A. Fermentation B. Catabolism C. Assimilation D. Respiration ANSWER: A