Antemortem and Postmortem Inspection PDF

Antemortem Inspection and Postmortem Inspection Antemortem Inspection Some of the major objectives of antemortem inspection are as follows: to screen all animals destined to slaughter. to ensure that animals are properly rested and that proper clinical information, which will assist i...

Antemortem Inspection and Postmortem Inspection Antemortem Inspection Some of the major objectives of antemortem inspection are as follows: to screen all animals destined to slaughter. to ensure that animals are properly rested and that proper clinical information, which will assist in the disease diagnosis and judgement, is obtained. to reduce contamination on the killing floor by separating the dirty animals and condemning the diseased animals if required by regulation. to ensure that injured animals or those with pain and suffering receive emergency slaughter and that animals are treated humanely. to identify reportable animal diseases to prevent killing floor contamination. to identify sick animals and those treated with antibiotics, chemotherapeutic agents, insecticides and pesticides. to require and ensure the cleaning and disinfection of trucks used to transport livestock. Antemortem inspections should be conducted in proper lighting, observing animals' behavior, nutritional status, cleanliness, signs of diseases, and abnormalities, including those involving certain conditions.  Abnormalities in respiration  Abnormalities in behavior  Abnormalities in gait  Abnormalities in posture  Abnormalities in structure and conformation  Abnormal discharges or protrusions from body openings  Abnormal colour  Abnormal odour  Abnormalities in respiration commonly refer to frequency of respiration. If the breathing pattern is different from normal the animal should be segregated as a suspect.  Abnormalities in behavior are manifested by one or more of the following signs: The animal may be: walking in circles or show an abnormal gait or posture pushing its head against a wall charging at various objects and acting aggressively showing a dull and anxious expression in the eyes  Abnormal gait in an animal is associated with pain in the legs, chest or abdomen or is an indication of nervous disease Abnormalities in structure (conformation) are manifested by: swellings (abscesses) seen commonly in swine enlarged joints umbilical swelling (hernia or omphalophlebitis) enlarged sensitive udder indicative of mastitis enlarged jaw (“lumpy jaw”) bloated abdomen Abnormal discharges or protrusions from the body are: discharges from the nose, excessive saliva from the mouth, afterbirth protruding from the vulva, intestine protruding from the rectum (prolapsed rectum) or uterus protruding from the vagina (prolapsed uterus) growths on the eye and bloody diarrhoea Postmortem inspection is crucial for detecting abnormalities in carcasses, ensuring only conditionally fit products are not passed as food. It involves keeping organs and carcass portions together and utilizing professional and technical knowledge to evaluate pathological lesions. professional and technical knowledge must be fully utilized by:  viewing, incision, palpation and olfaction techniques.  classifying the lesions into one of two major categories - acute or chronic.  establishing whether the condition is localized or generalized, and the extent of systemic changes in other organs or tissues.  determine the significance of primary and systemic pathological lesions and their relevance to major organs and systems, particularly the liver, kidneys, heart, spleen and lymphatic system.  coordinating all the components of antemortem and postmortem findings to make a final diagnosis.  submitting the samples to the laboratory for diagnostic support, if abattoir has holding and refrigeration facilities for carcasses under detention. Carcass judgement Trimming or condemnation may involve: Any portion of a carcass or a carcass that is abnormal or diseased. Any portion of a carcass or a carcass affected with a condition that may present a hazard to human health. Any portion of a carcass or a carcass that may be repulsive to the consumer HEADS (CATTLE, HORSES, SHEEP & GOATS, PIGS AND GAME)  General View external surfaces. For cattle, horses, pigs and game view the oral and nasal cavities.  Lymph nodes View and incise by multiple incision or slicing  Submaxillary Incise  Parotid Incise  Retropharyngeal Incise.  Tongue View and palpate (view only in calves up to 6 weeks of age).  as part of inspection of all cattle and calves over the age of 6 weeks for Cysticercus bovis, the muscles of mastication should be viewed and one or more linear incisions made parallel to the lower jaw into the external and internal muscles of mastication.