Healthcare Environment PDF

OTHER IMPORTANT FACTORS THE HEALTHCARE Human aspects and less with physical ENVIRONMENT factors....

OTHER IMPORTANT FACTORS THE HEALTHCARE Human aspects and less with physical ENVIRONMENT factors. Healthcare professionals work in a congenial and motivating work atmosphere. Attrition in the industry. THE HEALTHCARE ENVIRONMENT It is the creation of a healthful atmosphere and milieu at a healthcare setting in which a patient is undergoing HEALTHCARE SETTINGS treatment. Healthcare environment implementing a HOSPITAL good and positive healthcare An institution is built, staffed, and environment is a collective effort. equipped for the diagnosis; for the The creation of and maintenance of a treatment, both medical and surgical, of proper healthcare environment is indeed the sick and the injured; and for their the responsibility of everyone involved, housing during this process. right from government policy makers The modern hospitals also often serves and stakeholders down to the minute as a center for investigation and for level of individual healthcare worker that teaching. is involved in providing care to the patients at any point of time, at any COMPONENTS OF A HOSPITAl: location and for any type of disease or condition. ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES Administrative offices, Business Officers, COORDINATION: THE ROOT OF HEALTHCARE Medical Records, Procurement and ENVIRONMENT Supply, Laundry and Linen, Maintenance and Housekeeping, Security Services. 1. Good Hygiene at the workplace to prevent infections and diseases. CLINICAL SERVICES 2. A well-coordinated set of processes from Emergency room, out-patient admission to belling. department surgical and obstetrical 3. Ensuring through care of the patient from services, Nursing Services, Central Supply physician and all caregivers. and Sterilization Unit. 4. Bring about patient safety and patient outcomes. ANCILLARY SERVICES 5. Ensuring that technologies that ensures Clinical laboratory, Radiology, Dietary, good health are adopted. Pharmacy, Respiratory Therapy Unit, 6. Reviewing the effectiveness of healthcare Rehabilitative services. environment policies from time to time. OTHER SERVICES Doctors Clinic and other facilities. “BED-LESS HOSPITAL” treatment of their sick and injured It provides strictly ambulatory or soldiers; their care was important out-patient care and day surgery. because it was upon the integrity of the legions that the power of ancient Rome was based. HISTORY OF HOSPITALS 311 CE- Roman emperor Constantine I abolished all pagan hospitals and thus created the opportunity for a new start. When was the first hospital established? 370- St. Basil the Great established a religious foundation in Cappadocia that Hospitals has been longing existed since included hospital-an isolation unit for then, in most of the country. patients suffering from leprosy. In developing countries which contain a St. Benedict of Nursia at Montecassino large proportion of the world's founded early in 6th century where the population. care of the sick was placed above and Generally they don’t have enough before any christian duty. hospitals, equipment, and trained staff to Fist medical school in Europe ultimately handle the volume of persons who need grew at Salerno and was high repute in care. 11th century. Monastic Infirmaries was People in these countries always established in western empire. received the benefits of modern care or modern medicine, public health Hotel-Dieu of Lyon was opened in 542 measures or hospital care and they have and the Hotel-Dieu of Paris in 660. More generally lower life expectancies. emphasis on the well-being of patient’s In developed countries the hospitals as soul than to cure bodily ailements. an institution are very complex. It is made Monasteries had an infirmitorium, a more complex because of the place to which sick were taken for modernization of the technology and treatment. They also had pharmacy and increases the range of diagnostic garden with medicinal plants. capabilities and expands the possibilities Millitary hospitals became into being, the of treatment. knights Hospitallers of the order of St. John in 1099 was established in the Holy HISTORY OF HOSPITALS Land. As early as 4000 BCE- religious identified In th 12th century, number of hospitals certain of their deities with healing. The grew rapidly im Europe. templates of saturn, and later of Arab hospitals- such as those Asclepius in Asia Minor, were recognized established at Banghad and Damascus as healing centres. and in Cordoba, Spain. These way very Brahmanic hospitals were established in notable for the fact that they admitted Sri Lanka as early as 431 BCE, and King patients regardless of religious beliefs, Ashoka established a chain of hospitals race and social order. in Hindustan aboutb 230 BCE. Hospital of the Holy Ghost was Founded Around 100 BCE the Roman established in 1145 at Montpellar, France. It became hospitals (Valetudinaria) for the  one of the most important centers of training doctors in Europe. CLASSIFICATIONS OF The Middle Ages also saw the beginnings of support for hospital-like institutions by HOSPITALS secular authorities. Dissolution of Monasteries in 1540 by How to classify hospitals? Henry VIII, which put an end to hospital building in England for some 200 years. CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL First Voluntary Hospital founded in 1718 Hospitals may be compared and Huguenots from France and was closely classified in various means: be ownership followed by foundations such as London and control,, by type of services Hospitals as the Westminster Hospital in rendered, by length of stay, by size, or by 1719, Guy’s Hospital in 1724 and London its facilities and administration provided, Hospitals in 1740. In the Philippines DOH Administrative Between 1736 and 1787, hospitals were Order 2012-0012 “Rules and Regulation established outside London, was spread Governing the New Classification of to Scotland, the little Hospital was Hospitals and Other Health Facilities. opened in Edinburgh 1729. First Hospital in North America-Hospital CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITALS: OWNERSHIP de Jesus Nazareno was built in Mexico City 1524 by Spanish conquistador Government Hernan Cortes. Created by law. A government health The French established a hospital in facility may be under the national Canada in 1639 at Quebec government, DOH, LGU, DND, PNP, DOJ, City-Hotel-Dieu du Precieux Sang State Universities and Colleges, (Hotel-Dieu Quebec). Government Owned and Controlled In 1644 Jeanne Mance, a French Corporations (GOCC) and others. noblewoman built a hospital of ax-hewn logs in Montreal-the beginning of Private Hotel-Dieu St. Joseph. Grew the order of Owned, established and operated with the sister of St. Joseph-the oldest nursing funds through donation, principal, group organized in North America. investment or other means by any individual, corporation, association or organization. It may be single proprietorship, partnership, corporation, cooperative, foundation, religious, NGO and others. CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITALS: SCOPE OF CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITALS: FUNCTION SERVICES CAPACITY General General Hospital a hospital that provides services for all Level 1, Level 2, Level 3 kinds of illnesses, diseases, injures or deformities. A general hospital shall Speciality Hospitals provide medical and surgical care to the sick and injured, maternity, newborn and Trauma Capability of Hospitals child care. Trauma-Capable Facility- a DOH It must include the following services: licensed hospital designated as Trauma a. Clinical Services: (Family medicine, Center. pediatrics, internal medicine, obstetrics Trauma-Receiving Facility- a DOH and gynecology, surgery). licensed hospital within the trauma b. Emergncy services. service area which receives trauma c. Outpatient services. patients for transport to the point of care d. Ancillary and Support Services. or trauma center. Speciality CLASSIFICATION OF GENERAL HOSPITALS a hospital that specializes in a particular disease or condition or in one type of patient. A specialized hospital may be devoted to treatment of any of the following: a. Treatment of a particular type of illness or condition. b. Treatment of patients suffering from diseases of a particular organ or group of organs. c. Treatment of patients belonging to a particular group such as children, elderly, and others.  A health facility that examines the CLASSIFICATIONS OF human body or specimens from the OTHER HEALTH FACILITIES human body (except for laboratory for drinking water analysis) for the diagnosis, sometimes treatment of diseases. The test covers the pre-analytical, analytical What are the other health facilities? and post-analytical phases of exam. Category A: Primary Care Facility a. Laboratory facilities e.g. clinical A first-contact healthcare facility that laboratory, HIV Testing laboratory, blood offers basic services including service facility, drug testing laboratory, emergency service and provision for newborn screening laboratory, normal deliveries. It is subdivided into: laboratory for drinking water analysis. b. Radiologic facility e.g. ionizing machines With In-patient Beds- short stay facility such as x-ray, CT Scan, mammography (an average of 1-3 days of stay) and others; non-ionizing such as MRI, a. Infirmary ultrasound and others. b. Birthing home c. Nuclear medicine facility- applications of Without Beds- facility where medicine, radioactive materials in diagnosis, medical and/or dental examination is treatment or in medical research. dispensed. a. Medical Out-patient Clinic Category D: Specialized Out-patient Facility b. Medical Facilities for OFW and Seafarers c. Dental Clinic A health facility with highly competent and trained staff that performs highly Category B: Custodial Care Facility specialized procedures on an out-patient basis. A health facility that provides long term care, including basic human services like a. Dialysis clinic. food and shelter to patients with chronic b. Ambulatory Surgery Clinic. or mental illness, patients need of c. In-vitro Fertilization Center. rehabilitation owing substance abuse, d. Stem Cell Facility. people requiring ongoing health and e. Oncology Chemotherapeutic Center. nursing care due to chronic impairments f. Radiation Oncology Center and reduced degree of independence. g. Physical medicine and Rehabilitation Center. a. Custodial Psychiatric Care Facility. b. Substance/Drug abuse treatment and rehabilitation center. c. Sanitarium/Leprosarium. d. Nursing Home. Category C: Diagnostic/ Therapeutic Facility CLASSIFICATION OF OTHER HEALTH FACILITIES MISSION HOSPITALS The spread of western medicine ( conventional medicine) and the founding of hospitals in developing countries can be attributed in large part of influence of medical missionary. Apart from its religious associations, a mission hospital functions as a general hospital in the sense that it admits all who need hospital care. THE HOSPICE A guest house intended for pilgrims and EXTENDED HEALTH CARE was often closely connected with the With the advance in medical science and monastery and supervised by monks. the ever-increasing cost of hospital 1905 when Sisters of Charity founded St. operations, the progressive care is more James Hospice in London. attractive both outpatient and inpatient. New Haven Hospice (now Connecticut Categories of progressive care includes Hospice) was the first hospice in the US 1. Intensive care established in 1974. 2. intermediate care 3. self care SERVICES OFFERED BY HOSPICE 4. long-term care 5. organized home care Hospice care addresses the patient’s physical, emotional, social and spiritual needs. TELEMEDICINE Hospice care also helps the patient’s Provision of remote clinical services, via family caregivers. real-time two-way communication Hospice care takes place in the patient's between the patient and the healthcare home or home-like setting. provider, using electronic audio-visual Hospice care concentrates on managing means. a patient's pain and other symptoms so Usually in a form of p[hone calls, where that the patients may live as comfortably patients seek the doctor’s advice about as possible and make the most of the non-emergency problems which don’t time that remains. require the doctor to see the patient. Hospice care believes the quality of the quality of life to be as important as DREAM…BELIEVE…ACHIEVE… length of life.