Training Booklet of Human General Anatomy for Nursing Students 2023-2024 PDF

Training Booklet of Human General Anatomy for nursing students 2023-2024 0 Labelle the following diagrams 1  Identify the different parts in synovial joints The vertebral columncomplete Consists of …………………vertebrae which are named according to the...

Training Booklet of Human General Anatomy for nursing students 2023-2024 0 Labelle the following diagrams 1  Identify the different parts in synovial joints The vertebral columncomplete Consists of …………………vertebrae which are named according to their region and position. From top to bottom:  Cervical: ……………vertebrae  Thoracic: …………….. vertebrae  Lumbar :……………..vertebrae  Sacrum:……………. (fused) sacral vertebrae  Coccyx: …………………… coccygeal vertebrae 2  Identify the different parts of the heart Identify the different parts of the Urinary system 3  Identify the different parts of the respiratory system Identify the different parts of the large intestine 4  Identify the different parts of the digestivesystem 5 Identify the different labeled parts 6 7 8  MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS  Posterior means: A.Toward front B.Toward back C.Toward head D.Toward feet  The function(s) of the digestive system is (are) A.to ingest food B.to absorb nutrient molecules C.to eliminate indigestible remains D.all of the above  The ______ conducts the chewed bolus of food from the pharynx to the stomach. A.Esophagus B.Trachea C.intestine D.Glottis  The lumen of the digestive tract is lined with ______. A.serosa B.mucosa C.submucosa D.muscularis  Skin has the following functions EXCEPT: A.Protection B.Sensation C.Secretion of vit.c D. Absorption of oxygen and co2  The large intestine consists of the ______. A.colon B.cecum C.rectum D.colon, cecum, rectum, and anus  The patella is located in the: A.Thigh B.Skull C.Knee D.Foot  Bones that are wide as long are called: A.Long bones 9 B.Short bones C.Flat bones D.Pneumatic bones  Scapula is any type of bones: A.Long bones B.Short bones C.Flat bones D.Pneumatic bones  bones that make up your fingers called: A.Carpals B.Metacarpals C.Phalanges D.Rib  What human organ system is responsible for exchanging gases with the outside environment? A.respiratory system B.endocrine system C.excretory system D.circulatory system  The thoracic cage has12pairs of ribs which have: A.10 true ribs and 2 false B.9 true ribs and 3 false C.8 true ribs and 4 false D.7 true ribs and 5 false  Skeletal muscle fibers are ______. A.smooth B.striated C.spindle-shaped D.fragmented.  Between medial end of the clavicle and sternum …….joint: A.Shoulder B.elbow C.Sternoclavicular D.Acromioclavicular  What happens to the trachea, before it reaches the lungs? A.It branches in two directions B.It branches in three directions. C.It vibrates and creates sounds. D.It closes up so that no oxygen can escape 10   The _____ system transports nutrients and oxygen to cells and removes their waste. A.digestive B.circulatory C.excretory D.respiratory  Humerus is ………… to radius A.Medial B.Lateral C.Proximal D.Distal  Wrist joint is between A.Radius and ulna B.Radius and carpals C.Ulna and carpals D.Humerus and radius  Bone of the hand are: A. 7 carpals ,5 metacarpals,14phalanges B. 8 carpals,5 metacarpals,15 phalanges C. 8 carpals,5 metacarpals,14 phalanges D. 7 carpals, 5 metacarpals, 15 phalanges.  The two ends of the tibia articulate to form two joints: A.Elbow and knee B.Knee and ankle C.Hip and ankle D. Elbow and ankle  A structure before reaching the trachea that keeps out food and anything else that could enter the trachea: A.Larynx B.Nasopharynx C.Oropharynx D.Laryngeopharynx  The joint at end of bones to permit its increase in length is : A.Fibrous B.1ry cartilaginous C.2nd cartilaginous D.Synovial  As you breath , this contracts and flattens to give your lungs room to fill up with air: 11 A.Larynx B.Lung balloon C.Diaphragm D.Bronchiole  The muscles which move the leg to walk are belong to A.Skeletal B.Smooth C.Cardiac D.Non of the above  What is the function of the nervous system? A.Regulates the internal environment B.Controls and organizes all body activities C.Sends signals from one cell to the other or part of the body to another D.All of the above.  The opening to the uterus: A.Vagina B.Ovary C.Cervix D.Vulva  The heart has 4 chambers which one pump oxygenated blood to the body A.Right atrium B.Right ventricle C.Left atrium D.Left ventricle  Which chamber of heart receive oxygenated blood from the lung: A.Right atrium B.Right ventricle C.Left atrium D.Left ventricle  S.V.C and I.V.C open into: A.Right atrium B.Right ventricle C.Left atrium D.Left ventricle  The pulmonary veins open into: A.Right atrium B.Right ventricle C.Left atrium D.Left ventricle 12   The testes in humans are situated outside the abdominal cavity inside a pouch called scrotum. The purpose is for: A.Providing a secondary sexual feature for exhibiting the male sex. B.Maintaining the scrotal temperature lower than the internal body temperature. C.Escaping any possible compression by the visceral organs. D.Providing more space for the growth of epididymis.  All are true about venules except: A.They passe from the heart. B.They merges to form veins. C.They has non oxygenated blood D.They enlarge to form S.V.C and I.V.C.  The pulmonary artery: A.Has oxygenated blood from heart to lung B.Has oxygenated blood from lung to heart C.Has non oxygenated blood from heart to lung. D. Has non oxygenated blood from lung to heart  About the pharynx all are true except: A. Conducts air and food B.Consists of muscles C.Consists of 3 parts D.has 4 parts  The urinary system has the following functions except: A.Eliminates wastes from the body. B.Regulates blood volume. C.Regulates oxygen concentration D.Controls levels of electrolytes.  Ejaculatory duct finally opens into the A.ureter B.urethra C.testes D.testis  The circulatory system has ______ types of blood vessels. 13 A.one B.two C.five D.four  What is the function of valves in veins? A.Valves increase the rate of blood flow. B.Valves prevent the backward flow of blood. C.Valves only occur in the heart. D.Valves are present in arteries  The largest artery in the systemic circuit is the ______. A.anterior vena cava B.pulmonary vein C.aorta D.femoral artery  Why the right lung is short and broad: A.The liver pushes it B.the heart pushes it C. The spleen pushes it D.The right kidney pushes it  The spleen's function __________. A.important organ in the immune system B.filter blood of impurities C.both A and B D.Form red blood cells  The serous membrane covering the lung is called: A.Pleura B.Pericardium C.Omentum D.Mesentry  The nasal cavities open into the __________. A.eustachian tubes B.lacrimal glands C.larynx D.nasopharynx  The pharynx consists of three parts except _____________. A.nasopharynx B.oropharynx C.trachea D.laryngopharynx 14   Stomach is located in A.Right hypochondrial region B.Left hypochondrial region C.Right lumbar region D.Left lumbar region  The pathway of food is: A.Pharynx-pylorus-oesophegus-duodenum. B.Oesophegus –Pharynx-stomach duodenum C.Pharynx-fundus –duodenum-pylorus D.Pharynx-esophagus-stomach-duodenum  Stomach consists of 3 main parts A.lesser and greater curvatures B.Fundus –body –pylorus C.Cardiac and pyloric orifice D. Fundus –body-tail  Pyloric orifice connects: A.Fundus to body B.Body to pylrus C.Pylorus to oesophegus D.Pylorus to duodenum  Small intestine has three parts: A.Duodenum-jejunum-ilium B.Fundus –body –pylorus C.Pylorus duodenum-jejunum D.Jejunum-ilium-ceacum.  Serous fold hangs small intestine is called: A.Mesocolon B. Mesentry C.Omentum D.Mesoappendix  The __________ convey(s) urine from the kidneys toward the bladder. A.urethra B.nephrons C.prostate gland D.ureters  The duodenum is: A.10cm long B.25cm long 15 C.250cm long D.350cm long  To differentiate between small and large intestine: A.Small intestine has tiniae coli. B.Large intestine has appendices C.Small intestine has sacculations D.all of the above are true  The __________ extend(s) from the urinary bladder to an external opening. A.ureter B.renal arteries C.urethra D.glomerulus  The portion(s) of the kidneys that actually produce urine is/are the ________. A.renal medulla B.renal pyramids C.nephrons D.All of these are correct.  Which part of large intestine is below the liver A.Caecum B.Ascending colon C.Descending colon D.Sigmoid colon  The _________ bone of the leg is the longest and strongest of the body. A.tibia B.fibula C.humerus D.femur  The transverse colon is between: A.Ceacum and ascending colon B.Ceacum and descending colon C.descending and sigoid colon D.Ascending and descending colon  The true arrangement of parts of large intestine: A.Caecum- ascending –transverse- descending B.Ascending –transverse-descending-sigmoid C.Transverse-descending-sigmoid-rectum 16 D.All of the above are true  The left colic flexure connects: A.Ascending to transverse colon B.Transverse to descending colon C.Descenging to sigmoid colon. D.Ascending to descending colon  Spleen is located in: A.Left hypochodrium B.Behind liver C.Near right kidney D. right hypochodrium  In the central nervous system, the brain and spinal cord are protected by membranes known as the _________ as well as cushioned by cerebrospinal fluid. A.meninges B.vesicles C.tendons D.peritoneum  The salivary glands are: A.Endocrine glands B. Open direct in the larynx C.Open direct in the mouth D.Open in the pharynx  The ________ glands lie atop the kidneys. A.pituitary B.growth C.adrenal D.thyroid  Which salivary gland is located below the jaw: A.Parotid B.Submandibular C.Sublingual D.Adenoids  Pancreas is: A.Endocrine gland B.Exocrine gland C.Salivary gland D.Aand B  The pancreatic ducts opens in: A.1st part of duodenum B.2nd part of duodenum 17 C.3rd part of duodenum D.4th part of duodenum  The vas deferens empties sperm into the _______. A.urinary bladder B.urethra C.ejaculatory duct D.prostate gland  The head of pancreas lies in : A.In front of stomach B.In concavity of duodenum C.Near hepatic curvature D.Related to spleen  The accessory pancreatic duct opens in duodenum…. A.above main duct B. below main duct C. With main duct D.Behind main duct  The bile duct carries bile from the liver to the _______. A.stomach B.large intestine C.small intestine D.pancreas  The pancreatic duct carries pancreatic juice from the pancreas to the small intestine. A.True B.False  Two-layered membrane which covers the lungs is known as pericardium. A.True B.False  Write the correct sequence of the pathway through which air travels after entering the body. A.Larynx, pharynx, trachea lungs B.Pharynx, larynx, trachea, lungs C.Pharynx, larynx, lungs, trachea D.Pharynx, trachea, larynx, lungs  The structure that connects muscles to bones is the ______ A.Aponeurosis 18 B.Fascicle C.Tendon D.ligament  There are ………….pairs of cranial nerves and ……..pairs of spinal nerves. A.12, 31 B.13, 31 C.13, 32 D.12, 3  Which part of the brain controls motions? A.Hypothalamus B.Cerebellum C.Cerebrum D.Medulla  The portal vein receive blood from A.Liver B.GIT C.Stomach D.Kidney  Portal vein promotes blood to: A. Liver B.Small intestine C.Stomach D.Kidney  Cystic duct take bile from: A.Liver B.Gall bladder C.Bile duct D.Hepatic ducts  The bile duct consists of union of: A.The hepatic ducts. B.Cystic duct and right hepatic duct C.Cystic duct and common hepatic duct D. Cystic duct and left hepatic duct  Brain stem contains A.Cerebellum and Medulla Oblongata B. Cerebellum, Pons and Medulla Oblongata C. Cerebellum and Pons D. Mid brain,Pons and Medulla Oblongata  Which bone protects the brain? 19 A.Calcium B.The cranial bones C.The cerebrum D.The cerebellum  What is the function of gall bladder: A.Produce bile B.Store bile C.Metabolism D.Kill bacteria  Besides the brain, the skull also protects A.the lungs B.the diaphragm C.the body's cells D.the sense organs  The bile duct opens in duodenum together with: A.Hepatic ducts B.Pancreatic ducts C.Spleenic duct D.Cystic duct  The purpose of the rib cage is to... A.protect the stomach B.protect the spinal cord C.protect the heart and lungs D.provide an object to which the lungs can attach  The most dilated part of male urethra is: A.Prostatic B.Membranous C.Sponge D.Intramural  The urinary system is also called: A.The renal system B.The gastric system C.TheReproductive system D.Respiratory system  The organs of the urinary system are: A. The paired kidneys, the paired testes, the urinary bladder, and the urethra B. The paired kidneys, the paired ovaries, the urinary bladder, and the urethra. 20 C. The paired fallopian tubes, the paired ureters, the urinary bladder, and the urethra. D. The paired kidneys, the paired ureters, the urinary bladder, and the urethra.  Each kidney contains approximately: A.1 hundred nephrons. B.1 thousand nephrons. C.1 billion nephrons. D.1 million nephrons.  There are ______ of ribs in human body. A.20 pairs B.10 pairs C.12 pairs D.8 pairs  The number of 'floating ribs’ in human body is A.2 pairs B.3 pairs C.5 pairs D.6 pairs  The renal hilum lies on the __________ border of the kidney. A.superior B.inferior C.lateral D.medial  The renal __________ is the begging of the ureter. A.glomerulus B.cortex C.pelvis D.medulla  The testis is responsible for A. Production of sperms b.Secretion of testosterone C.Aand B D.Non of the above  What is the function of scrotum? A. Production of sperms B. Secretionof fluids to help sperm maturation C.Keep testis in low temperature D.Store sperms. 21   What is the function of epidydimis A. Production of sperms B. Secretion of fluids to help sperm maturation C. Keep testis in low temperature D. Store sperms.  What is true about male reproductive system? A.Epidydimis fuses with vas deference to form testis B.Vas deference unites with seminal vesicle to form ejaculatory duct. C. ejaculatory duct unites with seminal vesicle to form Vas deference D.All are true  The clavicle articulates with _________ of scapula. A.Acromion process B.Glenoid cavity C.Acetabulum cavity D.Ball and socket joint  The bones that attach the arm to the axial skeleton (composed of the clavicle and scapula) is called A.Cranium B.Pelvic girdle C.shoulder girdle D.Scapula  Tendons connect ______ at a joint. A.Bone to bone B.Muscle to muscle C.Muscle to bone D.Muscle to blood vessel  Which bone belongs to the long bone? A.sternum B.hip bone C.humerus D.scapula  Which bone belong to the short bone？ A.humerus B.carpal bone C.fibula D.ischium  Which bone does belong to the flat bone？ A.tibia 22 B.scapula C.clavicle D.fibula  Which bone does belong to the irregular bone？ A.hip bone B.phalanges C.sternum D.ulna  The smooth muscles are present all of the following EXCEPT: A.Urinary bladder. B.Limbs. C.Intestine. D.Stomach.  Which of the following structures are located internally within the body? Choose all that apply A. Testis b. Epididymis C. Scrotum D. Seminal vesicle  In male, the neck of U.B rests on A.Seminal vesicle. B.Vas deference. C.Prostate. D.Ureter.  The female urethra is about …. cm long: a. 4. b.10. c. 15. d. 20  The pituitary gland is divided into two portions: the posterior pituitary and the anterior pituitary. A.True B.False  Which of the following parts is not found in the urinary system A.Urethra B.Ureter C.Rectum D.Bladder  The parathyroid glands are located __________. A.below the thyroid, hence the name "para" 23  B.above the thyroid, hence the name "para" C.imbedded in the posterior surface of the thyroid gland D.distant from the thyroid but named because there are two and they resemble the thyroid glands  The thyroid gland is attached to the trachea just above the larynx. A.True B.False  The ova are produced in which organ: A.Uterine tube B.Ovaries C.Cervix D.Womb  Which one of the following is not a function of the female reproductive system? A.To give birth of baby B.To excrete water C.To produce ova D.To secrete hormones  In which layer the embryo develop A.Endometrium BMyometrium C.Perimetrium D.Aand B  Fertilization occurs in A.Ovaries B.Fallopian tubes C.Uterus D.Vagina  The nervous system controls: A.Voluntary movements only B.Involuntary movements only C.Aand B D.Non of the above  The main function of cerebellum is: A.Hearing B.Vision C.Equilibrium D.Non of the above  The thalamus is part of A.Cerebellum B.Brain stem 24 C.Diencephalon D.Spinal cord  The thalamus is mainly responsible for: A.Motor activity B.sensation C.Emotions D.Thinking  Which part of the brain is responsible for hormone release: A.Thalumus B.Hypothalumus C.Ceebellum D.Medulla  Which layer of meninges is nearer to bone: A.Dura matter B.Arachnoid matter C.Pia matter D.Aand B  Olfactory nerve is responsible for: A.Vision B.Hearing C.Smell D.Eating  Optic nerve is responsible for A.Vision B.Hearing C.Smell D.Eating  Trigeminal nerve is responsible for: A.Hearing B.Sensory for face C.Motor to face D.Taste  Facial nerve is responsible for: A.Hearing B.Sensory for face C.Motor to face D.vision  Vestibulocochlear nerve is responsible for: A.Vision B.Hearing C.Smell D.Eating 25   Hypoglossal nerve is responsible for A.Deglutation B.Musles of tongue C.Sensory to pharynx D.Hearing  Number of cervical nerves: A.6 Pairs B.7Pairs C.8Pairs D12.Pairs  When you are flying/or fighting which system will be stimulated: A.Sympathetic B.Parathympathetic C.Somatic D.Motor  Which gland is responsible for metabolism: A.Pitutary B.Thyroid C.Parathyroid D.Non of the above  Which gland reacts with stress: A.Pitutary B.Thyroid C.Parathyroid D.Suprarenal  Parathyroid gland regulates …..in blood A.Na B.Ca C.k+ D.Aand C Write true or false: true false  Anterior means in front ( ) ( )  The hand is proximal to the arm ( ) ( )  Superior is the term that means outward ( ) ( )  The muscles are superficial to bones ( ) ( )  The eyes and toes are looking at same direction in anatomical position ( ) ( )  The epidermis has blood vessels for heat regulation ( ) ( )  The skin is one of the areas that store fat ( ) ( ) 26  The fascia is a layer deep to skin that protects the muscles and vessels ( ) ( )  Bone are non- living structure while cartilages are living  ( ) ( )  The main function of skull is protection of the brain and sense organs ( ) ( )  The two inferior chambers of the heart are known as the "atria." ( ) ( )  Blood returns from the body through the superior and inferior vena cavae, which empty into the "left" atrium. ( ) ( )  Blood moves toward the lungs after it leaves the "right" ventricle. ( ) ( )  The aorta, the largest artery of the body, receives blood from the "right" ventricle. ( ) ( )  The "tricuspid" valve lies between the left atrium and the left ventricle. ( ) ( )  The meninges cover the brain, spinal cord, and spinal nerves ( ) ( )  Epiphysis of bone means shaft of bone ( ) ( )  The small intestine is connected to the liver and the pancreas ( )( )  The colon is the shortest section of the intestinal tract( ) ( )  The liver is the body's largest gland ( ) ( )  The midsagittal plane divides the body into right and left equal sections ( )( )  Skeletal muscles are involuntary ( ) ( )  The brain is protected by vertebrae ( ) ( )  Some bones in the body make blood cells ( ) ( )  The sutural joint is the type of immovable cartilagenous join( ) ( )  Both pancreatic juice and bile are secreted into the duodenum ( ) ( )  The small intestine begins with the duodenum, which is its longest segment ( ) ( ) 27  The vertebrae has non uniform shape so it belongs to sesamoid bones ( ) ( )  The autonomic nervous system is voluntary in nature.( ) ( )  The pancreas has both an endocrine and an exocrine function ( )( )  There are 30 pairs of spinal nerves ( ) ( )  There are 33 vertebrae in the body while there are only 31 spinal nerves ( ) ( )  There are 12 pair of ribs ,8 true ribs and 4 false ribs 2 of them are floating ( ) ( )  Clavicle articulate with sternum to form acromioclavicular joint ( ) ( )  The humerus articulates with radius and ulna to form elbow joint ( ) ( )  The hip bone together with tibia and fibula form the ankle joint ( ) ( )  There are 7 carpal and 8 tarsal bones ( ) ( )  Cartilagenous joints are immovable joints in vertebrae ( ) ( )  Fibrous joints in the teeth are immovable ( ) ( )  The pharynx is located behind the oral cavity and between the nasal cavity and larynx ( ) ( )  The larynx connects directly to the oral cavity.( ) ( )  The vocal cords are located in the pharynx ( ) ( )  The laryngopharynx ends in the esophagus ( ) ( )  The functional unit of the kidney is the renal column( ) ( )  The female sex hormone is called testosterone( ) ( )  The two main functions of the testes are to produce "sperm cells" and hormones associated with the reproductive process.( )( )  The uterus is the female reproductive organ that connects the outside of the body to the fallopian tube. ( ) ( )  The fallopian tube is the female reproductive organ that provides a place to support pregnancy. ( ) ( )  The urethra is a common passageway for both sperm and urine in the male. ( ) ( ) 28  The prostate gland lies superior to the urinary bladder and stores developing sperm ( )( )  The ureter transports urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder ( ) ( )  The terminal portion of the urinary system is the urethra( ) ( )  The kidneys function as our body’s filters, cleaning blood of wastes ( ) ( )  In the female, the urinary bladder lies posterior to the uterus and vagina ( ) ( ) 29