7-31 Tooth Mineralization.pdf

Tooth Mineralization Marcos E. Ortega [email protected] recordsallhis lectures  Outline of todays lecture - Enamel and mineralization/demineralization ...

Tooth Mineralization Marcos E. Ortega [email protected] recordsallhis lectures  Outline of todays lecture - Enamel and mineralization/demineralization  LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1. Describe process of mineralization and demineralization  What is the benefit of an integrated curriculum? k Physiology Anatomy Embryology Microanatomy Cell Biology Where did it What does it What is its come from? look like? function? Pharmacology/ Pathology Therapy What happens How do we fix it? when it goes wrong?  What is the density of the tissue from the exterior to the interior? Crown 1 Enamel protectivetissuedense 4 Dentin lessdense 2 Pulpleastdense 5 6 Root Cementum 3 Dentin Pulp Periodontal Ligament Bone Nanci, Antonio General Embryology and Embryology of the head, Face and Oral Cavity in Ten Cate’s Oral Histology 9th EditionElsevier, St Louis 2018 Figure 1.1  The hard enamel of crown derives from ameloblasts Enamel and Dentin Formation Enamel Outer enamel epithelium Stellate reticulum Stratum Intermedium Ameloblasts m i akeenamel Dentin Odontoblasts Inner Enamel Epithelium Ameloblast Nanci, Antonio Enamel Delopment in Ten Cate’s Oral Histology 9th Edition Elsevier, St Louis 2018 Figure 7-12 page 124. Amelogenesis – enamel formation Why is it important to understand amelogenesis ? Whatis amelogenesis iprocessofproducingenamel Nanci, Antonio Enamel: Composition, Formation and Structure in Ten Cate’s Oral Histology 9th Edition Elsevier, St Louis 2018 Figure 7.14 page 125.  Treatment should encompass global understanding of complex structures and their functions Anatomy Physiology Embryology Microanatomy Cell Biology Where did it What does it What is its come from? look like? function? Pharmacology/ Pathology Therapy What happens How do we fix it? when it goes wrong?  Mineralization is pivotal to biological systems, why is mineralization important? examplesofmineralization in body enamel dentin bone whyis mineralization importantforteeth protecting anchoring teeth Sharma et al, Acta Biomaterialia, 120, 2021, 20-37  Saturation of ions can form defined structures….like salt crystals enamelisasalt crystal attract Ipnogphatett calcium aq s John Spencer Evans, Proteomics, 19, 2019, 1900036 Calcium phosphate ions drive mineralization in biological systems calciumphosphatehydrox  Mineralization occurs in an ordered way to form enamel Why is asigmoid curveadvantageon sigmoidalcurve betterquality mineralization curve regulation sigmoidal Margolis et al, Front in Phys, Sept 2014, 5; 339  Order required to form ordered and functional biological structures hydroxyapatite Margolis et al, Front in Phys, Sept 2014, 5; 339  Enamel rods are high mineralized structures Sharma et al, Acta Biomaterialia, 120, 2021, 20-37  Calcified tissue is hard and protective Margolis et al, Front in Phys, Sept 2014, 5; 339 The hydroxyapatite of enamel can dissociate into aqueous ions, when does this occur with enamel? Caries arise from demineralization demineralization Pathology goingfrom s s aq What happens when it goes wrong?  Quickly, lets review the pH scale. Where is highest proton, H+, concentration? highinitation fitfinancration affectmineralization aridity basicity  Quickly, lets review the pH scale. Where is highest hydroxyl, OH-, concentration? in iiMiraiiii in So let reflect on pH and mineralization, how does an increase in pH impact mineralization? So let reflect on pH and mineralization, how does a decrease in pH impact mineralization?  What pH gives rise to caries? Pathology What happens when it goes wrong?  Prevention and enamel restorations require knowledge about the tissue you are working on, as well as surrounding tissue Pathology What happens when it goes wrong?