Arches of the Foot PDF (Batterjee Medical College)

Anatomy of LOWER Limb Arches of the Foot By Dr. Hassan Mohammed Rizk (Ph.D.) Associate Professor of Human Anatomy and Embryology  Case Study LOWER LIMB Flat foot...

Anatomy of LOWER Limb Arches of the Foot By Dr. Hassan Mohammed Rizk (Ph.D.) Associate Professor of Human Anatomy and Embryology  Case Study LOWER LIMB Flat foot Pes Cavus (Pes Planus) Club foot Arches of Foot By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 11, 2024 2  Objectives: by the end of this lecture the student must understand the following knowledge: LOWER LIMB ▪ Identify and demonstrate the Arches of Foot regarding: 1) Introduction. 2) Types. 3) Bones forming. 4) Support Arches of Foot By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 11, 2024 3  Objective 1: Arches of Foot - Introduction LOWER LIMB Arches of Foot By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 11, 2024 4 LOWER LIMB Arches of Foot By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 11, 2024 5  Objective 1: Arches of Foot - Introduction Weight-bearing LOWER LIMB areas of foot Arches of Foot By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 11, 2024 6 LOWER LIMB Arches of Foot By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 11, 2024 7  Objective 1: Arches of Foot - Introduction LOWER LIMB Arches of Foot By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 11, 2024 8 LOWER LIMB Arches of Foot By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 11, 2024 9  Objective 1: Arches of Foot – Definition, Sites & Function LOWER LIMB The bones of the foot do not lie in a horizontal plane. They form three arches in relation to the ground: 1) Medial longitudinal arch. 2) Lateral longitudinal arch. 3) Transverse arch. Function: 1) Absorb the trauma (e.g.Jumping). 2) Distribute the weight downward from the body during standing. 3) Act as a propulsion during walking. Arches of Foot By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 11, 2024 10  Objective 1: Arches of Foot – Formation of Medial Longitudinal Arch LOWER LIMB Arches of Foot By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 11, 2024 11 LOWER LIMB Arches of Foot By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 11, 2024 12  Objective 1: Arches of Foot – Formation of Lateral Longitudinal Arch LOWER LIMB Arches of Foot By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 11, 2024 13 LOWER LIMB Arches of Foot By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 11, 2024 14 LOWER LIMB Arches of Foot By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 11, 2024 15  Objective 1: Arches of Foot – Formation of transverse Arch LOWER LIMB Arches of Foot By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 11, 2024 16 LOWER LIMB Arches of Foot By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 11, 2024 17 LOWER LIMB Arches of Foot By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 11, 2024 18 LOWER LIMB The active (red lines) and passive (gray) supports of the longitudinal arches are represented. Arches of Foot By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 11, 2024 19  Congenital Clubfoot Clinical Correlation (Congenital Equinovarus) Is a structural defect in which the entire foot is plantarflexed LOWER LIMB ▪ (equinus) and inverted (varus). ▪ This deformity has a strong genetic link: ✓ males are more frequently affected. ✓ but females often have a more severe deformity. ▪ The bones are misaligned with each other. ▪ The bones have an abnormal shape and size. ▪ Thus, after correction, the true clubfoot is smaller than normal. ▪ Management may be conservative or may require splinting, casting, or even surgery Arches of Foot By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 11, 2024 20  Clinical Correlation Pes cavus LOWER LIMB ▪ Is a fixed plantar flexion deformity of the foot often associated with charcot-marie-tooth disease. ▪ Patients may complain of foot, knee or back pain, ankle instability and ill-fitting shoes. Arches of Foot By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 11, 2024 21  Clinical Correlation Pes Planus LOWER LIMB ▪ is due to flattening of the medial longitudinal arch. ▪ Often congenital, it may be associated with minor structural anomalies of the tarsal bones. ▪ Treatment may include intensive foot exercises or arch supports worn in the shoes. ▪ Occasionally, surgery is needed in the form of arthrodesis (fusion of the tarsal bones) Arches of Foot By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 11, 2024 22  Case Scenario (Staff Question) LOWER LIMB A 55-year-old man visits the outpatient clinic complaining that he cannot walk more than 5 minutes without feeling severe pain in his feet. What is the most common cause of this condition? A. Collapse of medial longitudinal arch. B. Exaggerated height of the medial longitudinal arch of the foot. C. Collapse of long plantar ligament. D. Collapse of deltoid ligament E. Collapse of plantar calcaneonavicular ligament Arches of Foot By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 11, 2024 23 LOWER LIMB Reference ISBN: 978-0-7020-5131-9 ISBN: 978-07817-7525-0 ISBN: 978-1-60913-446-4 Copyright© 2015, 2010, 2005 by Copyright© 2010, by Lippincott Copyright© 2012, by Lippincott Churchill Livingstone, an imprint of Williams & Wilkins, a Wolters Williams & Wilkins, a Wolters Elsevier Inc. Kluwer business. Kluwer business. Chapter 6. Chapter 5. Chapter 10. Arches of Foot By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 11, 2024 24 LOWER LIMB Arches of Foot By Dr. Hassan Rezk October 11, 2024 25