Challenges of Health Literacy PDF

ability to make mental models is socially and culturally challenges of health literacy determined Ability to use a scientific to intergrate information --> mental model: important perspective on health (cause and...

ability to make mental models is socially and culturally challenges of health literacy determined Ability to use a scientific to intergrate information --> mental model: important perspective on health (cause and determinant of health literacy effect, the scetific method) People from different backgrounds --> different walks of life + views of what good health and what causes illness brokering cultural differences can be bigger challenges > indentifying the best language to use in client illness due to purposeful intervention of: -supernatural (god) personalitic disease theory -nonhuman (ghosts) two ways of viewing illness -person have supernatural powers causation environment + natural conditions + biologic natural disease theory materials --> impact person's health disease occurs impersonally cuturally competent health care knowing issues where there might be different views includes trying to indentify ways to provide optimal care "provide effective, equitable, understandable, respectful quality care + services that responsive to diverse cultural health beliefs and practices, languages, health literacy and other communication needs" principal standard governance, leadership, workforce three large groupings: communication and language assistance engagement, continuous improvement and accountability Governence, leadership, workforce emphasis CLAS implementation highest levels of organizational leadership communication and language organization provide language assistance in a manner appropriate to the organization's size, scope assistance and missions engagemnet, continuous underscores the importance of quality improvement, community engament and evaluation improvement and accountability clinical setting or medical encouter make anyone feel fearful + stress and confused core background abilities in reading and math + ways people mentally organize, retain and intergrate new information health literacy created from linguistic skills cultural beliefs and attitudes --> shape our perception time and place context --> find ourselves facing health info Rapid estimate of adult literacy in medicine (REALM) Test of functional health literacy in adults (TOFHLA) Assessment of an individual's ehealth literacy scales (eHEALS) health literacy skills numeracy understanding in medicine instrument (NUMi) Health literacy skills instrument (HLSI) Word recognition test, 66 medical words easy word --> difficult word patients are asked to pronounce each word out loud REALM administered 3 minutes + available only in English number of correctly pronounced words --> assign a grade-equivalent reading level REALM-R quick version instrument of choice when a detail evaluation of health literacy is needed for research purposes TOFHLA available in english and spanish 20 min, short versions: 12  uses multiple choice + fill in blank questions ice cream label in english and spanish completed by patients who read in either language NVS 3 mins 98% agreeing to undergo the assessment assesses an individual's knowledge, skills eigh-item measure of electronic perceived comfort in finding, evaluating health literacy eHEALS applying electronic health information has been used in several studies to evaluate e-health literacy and communication programs developed = Schapira 20-item pencil and paper test --> measure most quantitative challenges patients may face in health care reading the number on digital thermometer NUMI interpreting an icon array and simple bar chart (line graph) include multiple choice question pertaining to reading lables estimating probability developed = mccormark numeracy measure print literacy oral skills HLSI internet-based information seeking skills 25-item HLSI can be self-administered via a computer 12 min 10 item versions also available  comply with quality of care standards important to assess patient's select appropriate educational materials health literacy in order to rule out other complications (cognitive impairment, hearing or vision loss) Assessment in clinical practice how often do you have problems learning about your medical condition because of difficult understanding written information include these questions how confident are you filling out medical forms by your self how often do you have someone help you read hospital materials 1. leadership --> health literacy intergral to its missions, structure and operations 2. intergrates health literacy into planning, evaluation measures patient safety and quality improvement 3. prepare workforces health literate and monitors progress 4. include population serve in design, implementation + evaluation of health information and services Institure of medicine's health literacy roundtable identified 5. meet needs of population with a range of health literacy skills while avoiding stigmatization 10 features --> promote patient understanding health 6: uses health literacy strategies in interpersonal communication and confirms understanding at all points of contact information 7. provide easy access to health information + services + navigation assistance 8: desigsn and distributes print, audivisual and social media content easy to understand and act on 9: address health literacy in high-risk situations, including care transitions and comumunications about medicines 10 communicates clearly what health plans and cover what individuals will pay for services