2nd Form Topic 1 Revision Notes PDF

Factors a ecting food choice Likes and dislikes - people will tend to eat what they like and not eat what they dislike. Economic - if someone has lots of money they may shop at somewhere expensive like M&S but if they are on a tight budget they may shop at Aldi and buy lots of own brand products....

Factors a ecting food choice Likes and dislikes - people will tend to eat what they like and not eat what they dislike. Economic - if someone has lots of money they may shop at somewhere expensive like M&S but if they are on a tight budget they may shop at Aldi and buy lots of own brand products. Marketing - shops may place things that are on special o er near the entrance of the store. It will probably interest even if you don’t need it like 80p for 2 cans of baked beans. Occupation - if someone is a farmer they may eat stu they grow on their farms but if someone is a delivery driver they may eat things from service stations like sandwiches or Burger King. Nutrition - if someone wants to live a healthy lifestyle they may have a healthy diet including foods low in fat and lots of fruits and vegetables. Age - children may tend to eat lots of sweets and chocolate but adults may prefer to eat healthier foods like dark chocolate and protein bars. Day - during the week, families do not have much time to cook large meals so they may have takeaways but at the weekends they do. They may do Roast Sundays or Fish Fridays for traditions. Ethics - some people do not believe that we should kill animals to eat them so they could be a vegetarian. Religion Islam Halal = permitted food e.g. lamb, beef, goat or chicken that has been killed by Muslim reciting prayer Haram = forbidden food e.g. all products from pork (including food with pork fat) and alcohol Ramadan = fasting (no food or drink) during the hours of daylight Judaism Kosher = food that follows the 4 dietary rules which are: Animals must have cloven hooves and chew the cud Fish must have scales and ns (no shell sh) Animals must be in perfect health when butchered  Meat and dairy must be kept separate - a 3 to 6 hour wait is preferable Hinduism Forbidden food/animal is beef/cow. Most Hindus are vegetarian but when they eat meat they do not eat beef. Christianity 3 foods associated with Christianity are : hot cross buns, Simnel cake and bread & wine Vegetarian Eats fruits, vegetables, grains, pulses, nuts, dairy and eggs Gets : high bre, 5 a day Lacks : protein, vitamin B12, iron Vegan : does not eat any animal products Pescatarian : eats sh, eggs and dairy - no meat Why? : animal cruelty, religion, ethics, think it’s healthier, better for environment Teenage Healthy Eating Requirements More : Fruits & veg, pulses, whole grain - bre Iron - prevents anaemia Milk and dairy - calcium - strong bones and teeth Oily sh - omega 3, good for brain Less : Processed and red meat - increased cancer risk Added sugars - obesity and dental decay Salt - high blood pressure Saturated fat - obesity Obesity Means very overweight BMI - Body Mass Index Calculated by weight/height squared (kg/m squared) Increased risk of type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure and cancer Caused by lazy lifestyle, lack of knowledge about healthy eating and exercise, too much fast food and comfort eating Diabetes Type 1 diabetes : detected in childhood, controlled by injecting insulin and healthy balanced diet, have to check blood glucose levels regularly. Type 2 diabetes : usually in obese older people, controlled by healthy eating and exercise. Prevented by healthy diet, healthy body weight, exercise regularly, quit smoking, limit alcohol intake, enough sleep Allergies and Intolerances Allergy = reaction to allergen -> releases histamine -> runny nose, rashes, swelling. In severe cases, anaphylactic shock. Most common are : peanuts, eggs, milk Intolerance = harder to diagnose -> stomach pain, nausea, diarrhoea. Most common are : gluten and lactose Coeliac Disease Autoimmune response Cannot eat bread, pasta, rice (anything including gluten) Villi in small intestine are damaged by it, reduces surface area and less nutrients absorbed from food Causes weight loss, malnutrition, tiredness, stomach pain Alternatives = corn our, rice our Have to ask out at restaurants and check the ingredients