1st stage - Cranial bones (1).pdf

DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB anatomy lecture —SKULL BONES ANATOMY— FIRST STAGE 1 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB 2 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024...

DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB anatomy lecture —SKULL BONES ANATOMY— FIRST STAGE 1 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB 2 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB 3 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB SKULL SKULL BONES Neurocranium (Cranial bones) Viscerocranium (Facial bones) Zygomatic bones Frontal bone Maxillae Parietal bones Nasal bones Occipital bone Lacrimal bones Temporal bones Vomer Sphenoid bone Palatine bones Ethmoid bone Inferior conchae Mandible 4 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB NEUROCRANIUM 5 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB VISCEROCRANIUM 6 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB SUTURES The sutures of the skull, also referred to as the cranial sutures, are fibrous joints that connect the bones of the skull.  SAGITTAL SUTURE — between two parietal bones.  LAMBDOID SUTURE — between the parietal bone/temporal bone and occipital bone.  CORONAL SUTURE — between the frontal bone and the parietal bone.  SQUAMOUS SUTURE — between the parietal bone and Squamous part of temporal bone. 7 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB SUTURE-ASSOCIATED LANDMARKS The most important landmarks associated with sutures are:  LAMBDA — convergence of the sagittal and lambdoid suture.  BREGMA — convergence of the sagittal and coronal sutures.  ASTERION — the junction of the parietomastoid, occipitomastoid and lambdoid sutures.  PTERION — It is an H-shaped point of junction between four bones: the sphenoid, temporal, frontal and parietal bone. 8 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB Pterion Asterion 9 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB 10 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB FONTANELLE Fontanelles are the soft membranous regions of the fetus and neonate calvarium where the corners of three or four developing flat bones meet and allow for the growth over the skull over the developing brain. There are two main, palpable fontanelles in the midline:  ANTERIOR FONTANELLE, the largest fontanelle and has diamond shape, which closes (fuses) at 18-24 months of age to become the bregma. Between to 2 parietal bones and 2 frontal bones.  POSTERIOR FONTANELLE which fuses at 3 months of age to become the lambda. Between occipital bone and 2 parietal bone.  ANTEROLATERAL (SPHENOIDAL) FONTANELLE which fuses at 6 months of age to become the pterion. Between frontal, sphenoid, parietal and the squamous part of temporal bone. 11 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB 12 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB FRONTAL BONE  Three parts: 1. Squamous part 2. Orbital part 3. Nasal part BONY LANDMARKS Internal surface External surface Frontal eminence Sagittal sulcus Supraorbital foramen Foramen cecum Superciliary arch Frontal crest Supraorbital margin Groove of middle meningeal artery Zygomatic process of frontal bone Maxillary process of frontal bone 13 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB FRONTAL BONE 14 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB FRONTAL BONE Zygomatic process of Frontal part frontal bone 15 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB FRONTAL BONE SUPRAORBITAL FORAMEN SUPRAORBITAL MARGIN ZYGOMATIC PROCESS SUPERCILIARY ARCH OF FRONTAL BONE MAXILLARY PROCESS OF FRONTAL BONE 16 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB FRONTAL BONE SAGITTAL SULCUS FRONTAL CREST FORAMEN CECUM GROOVE OF MIDDLE MENINGEAL ARTERY 17 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB FRONTAL BONE FORAMEN CECUM 18 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB PARIETAL BONE BONY LANDMARKS Internal surface External surface Superior temporal line Groove of middle meningeal artery Inferior temporal line Groove of superior sagittal sinus Parietal foramen 19 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB PARIETAL BONE 20 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB PARIETAL BONE Inferior temporal line Superior temporal line 21 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB PARIETAL BONE GROOVE OF SUPERIOR SAGITTAL SINUS GROOVE OF MIDDLE MENINGEAL ARTERY 22 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB OCCIPITAL BONE  Three parts: 1. Squamous part 2. Lateral part (condylar part) 3. Basilar part BONY LANDMARKS Internal surface External surface Cruciform eminence (Internal OP) External occipital protuberance (EOP) Internal occipital crest External occipital crest Groove for superior sagittal sinus Superior nuchal line Groove for transverse sinus (2) Inferior nuchal line Hypoglossal canal Supreme nuchal line Jugular foramen (Posterior ridge) Pharyngeal tubercle Foramen magnum Occipital condyles Clivus 23 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB OCCIPITAL BONE 24 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB OCCIPITAL BONE 25 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB OCCIPITAL BONE INFERIOR NUCHAL LINE 26 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB OCCIPITAL BONE GROOVE FOR SUPERIOR SAGITTAL SINUS CRUCIFORM SUPREME NUCHAL LINE EMINENCE EXTERNAL OCCIPITAL GROOVE FOR PROTUBERANCE TRANSVERSE SINUS SUPERIOR NUCHAL LINE INTERNAL OCCIPITAL CREST EXTERNAL OCCIPITAL CREST INFERIOR NUCHAL LINE HYPOGLOSSAL CANAL HYPOGLOSSAL CANAL OCCIPITAL CONDYLE PHARYNGEAL TUBERCLE 27 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB SPHENOID BONE  Four parts: 1. Body 2. Lesser wing 3. Greater wing 4. Pterygoid processes BONY LANDMARKS Internal surface External surface Superior orbital fissure Foramen spinosum Medial Pterygoid process Foramen rotundum Lateral pterygoid process Foramen ovale Spine of sphenoid Sella turcica (Hypophyseal fossa) Optic canal 28 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB SPHENOID BONE Optic canal Superior orbital fissure Foramen rotundum Foramen ovale Foramen spinosum 29 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB SPHENOID BONE 30 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB SPHENOID BONE TUBERCULUM SELLA DORSUM SELLA 31 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB SPHENOID BONE 32 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB SPHENOID BONE 33 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB SPHENOID BONE 34 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB TEMPORAL BONE  Four parts: 1. Petrous part 2. Mastoid part 3. Tympanic part 4. Squamous part BONY LANDMARKS Internal surface External surface Mastoid process Carotid canal Styloid process Groove of middle meningeal artery External acoustic meatus Internal acoustic meatus Zygomatic process of the temporal bone Jugular foramen (Anterior ridge) Glenoid fossa Foramen lacerum Stylomastoid foramen 35 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB TEMPORAL BONE GLENOID FOSSA STYLOMASTOID FORAMEN 36  DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB TEMPORAL BONE CAROTID CANAL INTERNAL ACOUSTIC MEATUS STYLOMASTOID FORAMEN 37 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB TEMPORAL BONE 38 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB TEMPORAL BONE Carotid canal Internal acoustic meatus Jugular foramen 39 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB TEMPORAL BONE FORAMEN LACERUM GLENOID FOSSA CAROTID CANAL STYLOMASTOID FORAMEN JUGULAR FORAMEN 40 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB TEMPORAL BONE FORAMEN LACERUM CAROTID CANAL INTERNAL ACOUSTIC MEATUS JUGULAR FORAMEN 41 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB ETHMOID BONE  Three parts: 1. Perpendicular plate 2. Cribriform plate 3. Ethmoid labyrinth BONY LANDMARKS Internal surface External surface Superior nasal concha Middle nasal concha Crista galli Orbital plate of ethmoidal bone Cribriform plate Prependicular plate of ethmoidal bone Ethmoidal sinus 42 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB ETHMOID BONE 43 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB ETHMOID BONE 44 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB ETHMOID BONE 45 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB ETHMOID BONE 46 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB ETHMOID BONE 47 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB ETHMOID BONE 48 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB thanks ! IF YOU HAVE ANY QUESTION PLEASE ASK ! 49 DR. KADHIM JAWAD 2023-2024 ANATOMY LAB this lecture by: dr. kadhim jawad m.b.ch.b 50