Muscle Origin, Insertion, And Action List Charts PDF

MUSCLE ORIGIN, INSERTION, AND ACTION LIST CHARTS Muscles of Facial Expression (that do not work by crossing a joint) ACTION ORIGIN INSERTION Orbicularis oculi Cl...

MUSCLE ORIGIN, INSERTION, AND ACTION LIST CHARTS Muscles of Facial Expression (that do not work by crossing a joint) ACTION ORIGIN INSERTION Orbicularis oculi Closes eye (squint), Frontal bone and Eyelid lowers eyebrows maxilla Orbicularis oris Closes lips (purses, Maxilla and mandible Skin and muscle protrudes) around mouth Zygomaticus major Raises corners of Zygomatic bone Skin and muscle at mouth (smile) corner of mouth Buccinator Compress cheeks Mandible and maxilla Orbicularis oris (whistling, sucking) molar regions Frontalis Raise eyebrows Epicranial aponeurosis Skin of eyebrows Muscles that act on the Jaw (for mastication and facial expression) ACTION ORIGIN INSERTION Elevates mandible (as in closing Zygomatic arch and Mandible ramus and Masseter mouth while chewing) bone angle Temporal, frontal, Coronoid process of Temporalis Elevates mandible parietal bones mandible Pulls lower lip down (as in frowning) Mandible, skin of lower Platysma Depresses mandible (opening Pectoralis muscle face mouth as when chewing or surprised) Muscle Origin, Insertion, and Action List Charts 81 Muscles that act on Neck (to move head) ACTION ORIGIN INSERTION Both sides: flexes neck Mastoid process of Sternocleidomastoid (as in looking down) Manubrium, clavicle temporal bone One side: cocks head Both sides: extends neck Nuchal line and mastoid Splenius capitis (as in looking up) C7 to T3 (variable) process One side: cocks head Muscles that act on Shoulder (to move the arm) ACTION ORIGIN INSERTION Flexion and medial rotation Deltoid tuberosity of Deltoid (anterior) Clavicle of humerus at shoulder humerus Abducts humerus at shoulder Deltoid tuberosity of Deltoid (middle) Acromion (as in upward flap) humerus Extension and lateral rotation Deltoid tuberosity of Deltoid (posterior) Scapular spine of humerus at shoulder humerus Flexion, adduction, medial Sternum to rib 7 rotation of humerus at Intertubercular groove of Pectoralis major Medial half of shoulder (as in overhead fist humerus clavicle raise, or bench press motion) Extension, adduction, Intertubercular groove of T7 to L5, ribs 10 to Latissimus dorsi medially rotation humerus at humerus (muscle travels 12, iliac crest shoulder (gym lat pull-downs) under axillary region) Rotator Cuff Muscles (ALL these small muscles help to keep head of humerus snug in glenoid fossa) ACTION ORIGIN INSERTION Medially rotates humerus at Subscapular fossa of Lesser tubercle of Subscapularis shoulder. Stabilizes shoulder. scapula anterior humerus Abducts arm at shoulder. Supraspinous fossa of Greater tubercle of Supraspinatus Stabilizes shoulder. scapula top of humerus Middle part of greater Laterally rotates humerus at Infraspinous fossa of Infraspinatus tubercle of posterior shoulder. Stabilizes shoulder. scapula humerus Inferior part of greater Laterally rotates humerus at Lateral border of Teres minor tubercle of posterior shoulder. Stabilizes shoulder. scapula humerus 82 Muscle Origin, Insertion, and Action List Charts Muscles that act on Scapula (to move shoulder) ACTION ORIGIN INSERTION Elevates and retracts scapula Medial border of Levator scapulae (as in bringing shoulder up C1 to C4 scapula, superior to and in toward ear) spine Rhomboideus Retracts scapula (as in pulling Medial border of T2 to T5 major the shoulders back) scapula Protracts scapula (which Anterior surface of Serratus anterior pushes the arm forward in Ribs 1 to 9 vertebral border of front of the scapula, as in scapula punching or hugging) Elevates scapula (as in Lateral 1/3 clavicle Trapezius (upper) Occipital bone, C1-C7 shrugging) and acromion process Retracts scapula (as in pulling Trapezius (middle) T1 to T5 Spine of scapula shoulders back) Retracts and depresses Medial 1/3 of scapula Trapezius (lower) scapula (as in pulling T6 to T12 spine shoulders back and down) Muscles that act on the Elbow (to move the forearm) ACTION ORIGIN INSERTION Flexes elbow (as in bringing a Anterior distal shaft of Coronoid Brachialis spoon to your mouth) humerus process of ulna Medial epicondyle of Pronates forearm at elbow (as in Lateral midshaft Pronator teres humerus, coronoid process turning a doorknob laterally) of radius of ulna Long head: supraglenoid Flexes elbow, supinates forearm tubercle of scapula Radial Biceps brachii (as in scooping up water in your Short head: coracoid process tuberosity hand to drink) of scapula Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula Extends forearm at elbow (as in Lateral head: posterior Olecranon of Triceps brachii lowering a spoon back to the proximal shaft of humerus ulna table) Medial head: posterior distal shaft of humerus Muscle Origin, Insertion, and Action List Charts 83 Muscles that act on Wrist (to move the hand and fingers) ACTION ORIGIN INSERTION Extensor carpi Extends wrist, radially Lateral epicondyle of Metacarpal III (base) radialis brevis deviates wrist (aBduction) humerus Flexes wrist, radially Medial epicondyle of Metacarpals II and III Flexor carpi radialis deviates wrist humerus (base) (aBduction) Lateral epicondyle of Extensor carpi Extends wrist, ulnar humerus, posterior shaft Metacarpal V (base) ulnaris deviates wrist (aDduction) of ulna Flexes wrist, ulnar Medial epicondyle of Pisiform, hamate, Flexor carpi ulnaris deviates wrist humerus metacarpal V (base) (aDduction) Extends digits of hand, Lateral epicondyle of Dorsal side of digits Extensor digitorum and wrist humerus 2 to 5 Flexes digits of the hand, Medial epicondyle of Anterior side of digits Flexor digitorum and wrist humerus 2 to 5 Muscles that act on Vertebral Column ACTION ORIGIN INSERTION One side: lateral flexion of vertebral column Spinalis thoracis T11 to L2 T3 to T7 Both sides: extension and hyperextension of vertebral column Compresses abdomen, flexes Pubis crest and Xiphoid process, costal Rectus abdominis vertebral column symphysis cartilage 5 to 7 Muscles of Breathing (muscles that work on the vertebral column) ACTION ORIGIN INSERTION Pulls ribs up toward origin, Inferior border of rib Superior borders of rib External intercostals elevates ribcage to cause above below inspiration Xiphoid process, Diaphragm drops down Central tendon (in ribs 10 to 12, costal Diaphragm to enlarge thoracic cavity, center of the disc cartilage 5 to 9, causing inspiration shaped diaphragm) lumbar vertebrae 1-5 84 Muscle Origin, Insertion, and Action List Charts Muscles that act at Hip (to move leg) ACTION ORIGIN INSERTION From lesser trochanter Pubis and pubic Pectineus Flexes hip, adducts leg to superior part of linea ramus aspera of femur Linea aspera (shorter Superior ramus of Adductor longus Flexes hip, adducts leg insertion than adductor pubis magnus) Linea aspera of femur Adductor magnus Extends hip, adducts leg Inferior ischial ramus Extends hip (as in pushing Gluteal tuberosity of Gluteus maximus down while climbing a Ilium, sacrum, coccyx femur stair), rotates leg laterally Adducts leg at hip, flexes Medial aspect of proximal Gracilis Pubis knee tibia (tenses or stabilizes hip Iliac crest near Tensor fasciae latae and knee joints), abducts anterior superior Lateral condyle of tibia leg at hip spine Flexes hip (as in lifting leg Vertebral bodies T12 Lesser trochanter of Psoas major to place on stair) to L5 femur Flexes hip and flexes knee, Anterior superior Medial aspect of tibial Sartorius laterally rotates thigh (into iliac spine tuberosity cross legged position) Muscles that Flex Knee (hamstrings work as a group, as when pulling back in preparation to kick a ball) ACTION ORIGIN INSERTION Long head: Ischial Extends hip, flexes knee, tuberosity Biceps femoris Head of fibula laterally rotates leg Short head: Posterior mid-shaft of femur Posterior medial condyle Semimembranosus Extends hip, flexes knee Ischial tuberosity of tibia Medial surface of proximal tibia (slightly Semitendinosus Extends hip, flexes knee Ischial tuberosity anterior to insertion of semimembranosus) Muscle Origin, Insertion, and Action List Charts 85 Muscles that Extend Knee (quadriceps work as a group, as when kick- ing a ball) ACTION ORIGIN INSERTION Greater trochanter, lateral lip of linea aspera Tibial tuberosity and Vastus lateralis Extends knee (wraps around to anterior patella surface) Intertrochanteric line, medial Tibial tuberosity and Vastus medialis Extends knee lip of linea aspera (wraps patella around to anterior surface) Tibial tuberosity and Vastus intermedius Extends knee Anterior shaft of femur patella Extends knee, flexes Anterior inferior iliac spine of Tibial tuberosity and Rectus femoris hip (kicking a ball) coxal bone patella Muscles that act on Ankle (to move foot) ACTION ORIGIN INSERTION Proximal third of tibia Soleus Plantar flexion at ankle Calcaneus and fibula Plantar flexion at ankle, Medial and lateral Gastrocnemius Calcaneus flexes knee epicondyles of femur Dorsiflexion and Lateral condyle and Medial cuneiform, under Tibialis anterior inversion at ankle antero-lateral tibia metatarsal 1 86 Muscle Origin, Insertion, and Action List Charts