Media & Information Literacy PDF
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Tumauini National High School
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Summary
This document is a presentation on media and information literacy, specifically focusing on film genres (e.g., drama, fantasy, horror) and cinematography techniques (e.g., camera angles, editing, audio). It includes examples of different film genres and technical codes.
Full Transcript
EDIA & NFORMATION ITERACY TNHS - SHS Title: IT Chapter II Year: 2019 Genre: Drama Fantasy Horror TNHS - SHS Title: Gemini Man Year: 2019...
EDIA & NFORMATION ITERACY TNHS - SHS Title: IT Chapter II Year: 2019 Genre: Drama Fantasy Horror TNHS - SHS Title: Gemini Man Year: 2019 Genre: Action Drama Sci-Fi Thriller TNHS - SHS Title: The Wandering Earth Year: 2019 Genre: Action Drama Sci-Fi TNHS - SHS Title: Along with the Gods Year: 2018 Genre: Action Drama Fantasy TNHS - SHS Title: Kita Kita Year: 2017 Genre: Drama Comedy TNHS - SHS A genre is a specific type of music, film, or writing Genre comes from the french word meaning ‘type’ or ‘class’ Genre can be recognized by its common set of distinguish features (Codes and Conventions) TNHS - SHS Science fiction Crime Horror Drama Romance Documentary Comedy Action Adventure TNHS - SHS Electronic Dance Music OPM Rock Music Country Music Jazz Indie Rock Dubstep Pop Music Rhythm and Blues Techno TNHS - SHS Codes are systems of signs which creates meaning Codes are agreed meanings, or connotations, to their audience TNHS - SHS Technical Symbolic Written TNHS - SHS Technical codes are all the ways in which equipment is used to tell the story Technical codes in media include Camerawork, Editing, Audio and Lighting TNHS - SHS Camerawork refers to how the camera is operated, positioned and moved for specific effects TNHS - SHS Positioning Movement Framing Exposure Lens choice TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS Also known as overhead shot, bird’s eye view, or top shot A bird’s eye view shot is filmed from above the characters Filming from this angle can give the audience on overview of the setting TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS A worm’s eye view is filmed from ground level, looking up at the character TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS Shows people or objects from above eye level This can have the effect of making the subject seem vulnerable, weak, or frightened TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS A low angle shot is filmed from below eye level Filming from this angle may make the character appear larger, powerful, heroic, or dangerous TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS A shot taken with the camera approximately at human eye level Views a subject from the level of a person’s eye TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS Over-the-Shoulder Shot is a shot where a subject is shot from behind the shoulder of another, framing the subject anywhere from a Medium to Close-Up The shoulder, neck, and/or back of the head of the subject facing away from the camera remains viewable, making the shot useful for showing reactions during conversations or connection between two speakers TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS Dutch Angle/Tilt Shot is a shot in which the camera is set at an angle on its roll axis so that the horizon line is not level. It is often used to show a disoriented or uneasy psychological state TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS Point of View Shot (POV) Shot intended to mimic what a particular character in a scene is seeing This puts the audience directly into the head of the character, letting them experience their emotional state. Common examples are of a character waking up, drifting into unconsciousness, or looking through a scope or binoculars TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS The camera moves horizontally, from left to right or vice versa across the picture TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS The camera moves vertically, from up to down or vice versa across the picture TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS The camera follows along next to or behind a moving object or person TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS The stationary camera approaches a subject by “zooming in” or moves further away by “zooming out” TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS A dolly is when you move the entire camera forwards and backwards, typically on some sort of track or motorized vehicle TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS Trucking is the same as dollying, only you are moving the camera from left to right instead of in and out TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS A pedestal is when you move the camera vertically up or down while it is fixated in one location TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS Extreme Long Shot (aka Extreme Wide Shot) Used to show the subject from a distance, or the area in which the scene is taking place This type of shot is particularly useful for establishing a scene in terms of time and place, as well as a character's physical or emotional relationship to the environment and elements within it TNHS - SHS In extreme long shot, the character doesn't necessarily have to be viewable in this shot TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS Medium Long Shot (aka 3/4 Shot) intermediate between Full Shot and Medium Shot. Shows subject from the knees up TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS Long Shot (aka Wide Shot) Shows the subject from top to bottom; for a person, this would be head to toes, though not necessarily filling the frame The character becomes more of a focus than an Extreme Long Shot, but the shot tends to still be dominated by the scenery. TNHS - SHS Long shot often sets the scene and our character's place in it TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS Full Shot frames character from head to toes, with the subject roughly filling the frame. The emphasis tends to be more on action and movement rather than a character's emotional state TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS Medium Shot shows part of the subject in more detail. For a person, a medium shot typically frames them from about waist up This is one of the most common shots seen in films, as it focuses on a character (or characters) in a scene while still showing some environment TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS Extreme Close Up emphasizes a small area or detail of the subject, such as the eye(s) or mouth. An Extreme Close Up of just the eyes is sometimes called an Italian Shot, getting its name from Sergio Leone's Italian-Western films that popularized it TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS Medium Close-Up falls between a Medium Shot and a Close-Up, generally framing the subject from chest or shoulder up TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS Close-Up fills the screen with part of the subject, such as a person's head/face. Framed this tightly, the emotions and reaction of a character dominate the scene TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS Choker is a variant of a Close-Up, this shot frames the subject's face from above the eyebrows to below the mouth TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS In cinematography, exposure refers to the amount of light being captured by the camera. One of the most basic photographic principles, exposure is directly connected to the brightness and darkness of the image TNHS - SHS Normal exposure when it is similar to what the eye sees Overexposure happens when too much light is reflected into the camera, rendering an image that is brighter than normal exposure Underexposure is the opposite: not much light enters the camera, thus creating a dark image TNHS - SHS how sensitive the camera is to light (ISO) the amount of light the lens lets through (aperture) the amount of time the light gets through (shutter speed) TNHS - SHS In digital photography, the term ISO refers to the image sensor’s sensitivity to light. The lower the number, the less sensitive the image sensor is to light. TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS Aperture can be defined as the opening in a lens through which light passes to enter the camera TNHS - SHS In photography and digital photography the shutter speed is the unit of measurement which determines how long shutter remains open as the picture is taken TNHS - SHS Editing in technical code is the process of choosing, manipulating and arranging images and sound Editing refers to the cutting and combining of sequences of vision to create a narrative TNHS - SHS Graphic edits Rhythmic edits Spacial edits Temporal edits TNHS - SHS Audio in technical code is the expressive or naturalistic use of sound. Audio can be diegetic or non diegetic TNHS - SHS Dialogue Sound effects Music TNHS - SHS Lighting is the manipulation of natural or artificial light to selectively highlight specific elements of the scene TNHS - SHS Quality Direction Source Color TNHS - SHS Symbolic code refers to objects, setting, body language, clothing and color TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS Written codes are the formal written language used in a media product Written codes include printed language which is text you can see within the frame and how it is presented, and also spoken language, which includes dialogue and song lyrics TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS TNHS - SHS Conventions are the generally accepted ways of doing something Conventions are accepted ways of using media codes Conventions are closely connected to the audience expectations of a media product TNHS - SHS Different types of conventions include form conventions, story conventions and genre conventions TNHS - SHS Form conventions are the certain ways we expect types of media’s codes to be arranged TNHS - SHS An audience expects to have a title of the film at the beginning, and then credits at the end Newspapers will have a masthead, the most important news on the front page and sports news on the back page Video games usually start with a tutorial to explain the mechanics of how the game works TNHS - SHS Genre conventions point to the common use of tropes, characters, settings or themes in a particular type of medium TNHS - SHS Audience are the group of consumers for whom the media message was constructed as well as anyone else who is exposed to the message TNHS - SHS Producers are people engaged in the process of creating and putting together media content to make a finished media product TNHS - SHS Stakeholders are group of people who own a share in a business A stakeholder is a person or group who has an interest in an enterprise and whose support is required in order for an enterprise to be successful TNHS - SHS Thank You. 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