Zoology Lecture Introduction PDF

ZOOLOGY Study of animals table of 01 Characteristics and 02 Scientific Method contents: scientific definition of an animal 03 04 Branches and...

ZOOLOGY Study of animals table of 01 Characteristics and 02 Scientific Method contents: scientific definition of an animal 03 04 Branches and scope Evolutionary perspective of zoology 05 06 Ecological perspective Theories on the origin of animals zoology zōion = animal + logos = the study of The study of animals zoology The scientific study of the behavior, structure, physiology, classification and distribution of animals. It is the branch of zōion = animal zoology that studies the animal kingdom, + both living and extinct, and how they logos = the study of interact with their ecosystems. It is also known as Animal Science The study of animals  It is the systematic body of knowledge science based on careful observation and experimentation Example: Pencil  It is the systematic body of knowledge science based on careful observation and experimentation Example: Pencil Systematic/Process  It is the systematic body of knowledge science based on careful observation and experimentation Example: Pencil Systematic/Process Observation  It is the systematic body of knowledge science based on careful observation and experimentation Example: Pencil Systematic/Process Observation Experimentation/Application Systematic/Process  It is the systematic body of knowledge science based on careful observation and experimentation Example: Chair Systematic/Process Observation Experimentation/Application Systematic/Process  It is the systematic body of knowledge science based on careful observation and experimentation study of people, society seeks to understand the Social and culture natural natural world Science science  It is the systematic body of knowledge science based on careful observation and experimentation study of people, society seeks to understand the Social and culture natural natural world Science science Pure Gain knowdledge Applied Solve a particular problem science science  It is the systematic body of knowledge science based on careful observation and experimentation Social study of people, society seeks to understand the Science and culture natural natural world science Pure Gain knowdledge Applied Solve a particular problem science science Living things Non-Living Things biological Physical science science  It is the systematic body of knowledge science based on careful observation and experimentation study of people, society seeks to understand the Social and culture natural natural world Science science Pure Gain knowdledge Applied Solve a particular problem science science Living things Non-Living Things biological Physical science science chemistry Matter Physics Matter and Energy botany zoology Plants Animals earth science Planet Earth  zoology What are the characteristics of living things? biological science Living things botany zoology Plants Animals  01 05 METABOLISM ADAPTATION characteristics of living things 02 06 RESPONSIVENESS HOMEOSTASIS 03 07 GROWTH AND GENETIC CONTROL DEVELOPMENT 04 EVOLUTION specialization in zoology anatomy histology Embryology Physiology Parasitology ecology Cytology Genetics Taxonomy  anatomy Study of the structure of entire organisms and their parts  physiology Study of the function of organisms and their parts  cytology study of structure and function of cells histology Study of tissues  parasitology study of animals that live in or on other organisms at the expense of host  genetics study of mechanisms of transmission of traits from parents to offspring  embryology study of development of animal from the fertilized egg to birth hatching  ecology Study of interaction of organisms with their environment  sytematics Study of classification of, and the evolutionary interrelationship among animal groups  sytematics Study of classification of, and the evolutionary interrelationship among animal groups pecialization in zoology by taxonomic groups entomology mammalogy herpetology ornithology ichthyology protozoology zoology: Evolutionary perspective  Animals share common evolutionary past and evolutionary forces that influenced their history!  evolutionary processes Organic evolution A change in the genetic makeup of populations of organism over time The source of animal diversity, and explains family relationships within animal groups CHARLES DARWIN Published convincing evidences of evolution in 1895 and proposed a mechanism that could explain evolutionary change The mechanism proposed by Darwin has been confirm and now serves as the nucleus of our broader understanding of evolutionary change  mechanism of evolution Genetic variation - mutation and recombination Natural selection - organisms become adapted to the environments  animal classification and evolutionary relationships Organisms in the same genus are more closely related than organisms in the same family Organisms the same species are more closely related than organism in the same genus zoology: Ecological perspective  ecology Study of relationships between organisms and their environment Humans depend on animals Human activities upset the delicate ecological balances Human depend on animals  Human activities upset delicate ecological balances!  world resources and endangered species Global overpopulation Root of all other environmental problems As the human population grows, disparity between the wealthiest and poorest nations is likely to increase Exploitation of the world resources Human population is stressing the world resources continued use of fossil fuels adds more carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, contributing to the greenhouse effect and climate change Deforestation of large areas of the world results from continued demand for forest products, fuels and agricultural land that may results to the extinction of plant and LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION Thank you! 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