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# Basic Topics ## Solutions: Dilute, Concentrated, Saturated, and Supersaturated **Dilute:** In these, the properties of the solvent are more evident than the solute because the amount of solute is very small. **Concentrated:** These solutions have a relatively high concentration of solute comp...

# Basic Topics ## Solutions: Dilute, Concentrated, Saturated, and Supersaturated **Dilute:** In these, the properties of the solvent are more evident than the solute because the amount of solute is very small. **Concentrated:** These solutions have a relatively high concentration of solute compared to the solvent. An example would be saltwater—it contains a large amount of dissolved salt, but can still dissolve more. **Saturated:** These solutions contain the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved at a standard temperature and pressure. **Supersaturated:** These solutions contain more solute than saturated solutions. Increasing the temperature or pressure can allow them to dissolve more solute. ## Examples of Reactive **Question 1**: Which of the following are characteristics of a mixture? I. Fixed chemical composition. II. Can be separated using physical methods. III. Can be broken down into simpler substances using chemical methods. IV. Components maintain their original properties. **Answer:** II, IV **Explanation:** Mixtures are combinations of substances where the individual components' properties are retained. They can be separated using physical methods, unlike compounds that have fixed chemical compositions and can be broken down chemically. ## Mixtures **Question 2:** Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a homogeneous mixture? a) Forms one phase b) Components can be seen with the naked eye c) Particle size is not visible to the naked eye d) Components aren't visible to the naked eye **Answer:** b) **Explanation:** Homogeneous mixtures appear uniform throughout. Their components are not individually visible. **Question 3:** Like air, petroleum is a mixture of what type? a) Homogeneous b) Heterogeneous c) Dispersed d) Two-component **Answer:** c) Dispersed **Explanation:** These mixtures, like air or petroleum, appear uniform but are composed of different substances spread out in a non-uniform way.